johnston in spring 1864.a few months before he died, someone said put himself in before and you can call it a memoir. that is why the memoirs are so strange. only 90 points up to him joining jonhston than 300 pages of johnston. now we know. i think his publisher would have sent the manuscript back and said, give us a little more. here are some of the new letters. a lot of people have heard, i was supposed, it is contended quite often that hood was writing the secret poison pen letters back to richmond, backstabbing joe johnston, trying to get him fired because he wanted his job. that is kind of the narrative. a couple of hood's letters sounded like he had been written to and was responding, but it was not clear. one letter in the boxes now proves he was. this is a letter from louis t. wigfall, a confederate senator from texas and hood's superior earlier in the war. a letter to hood in dalton on april 5. excuse me, this is a letter from hood to wigfall. it says, "your letter of march 29 has just been released

oladowski, johnston's chief of ordnance. johnston lostng 25,000 men during the campaign. this is a funny letter, from g g.w. smith, commander of the georgia militia during the battle of atlanta. and he wrote a letter to hood. he was an older fellow. , i wonder ifd says old joe, johnston, did intend to leave my little band in charge andtlanta as his corps huntingwere in -- for sherman. wouldn't that have been a catalyst fish. -- kettle of fish. he writes, i was never planning to abandon atlanta. of --are on the battle the springhill affair. some of you are aware of this. it is where hood flanked general schofield's army and caught them in the open on te road in the middle of the night, cut them off, had them surrounded. i'm trying to use easy to understand terms. something happened, and the yankees, the confederates did not block the road and the yankees escaped right up the road. hood claimed he had given orders to block the road. he had the luxury of outliving hood, and whoever outlives somebody gets the last word. he says, i never got the orders. , after lee says to hoo

hood claims there were several times he recommended to johnston, this is the time to attack, but johnston wasn't do it. once hood is put in command of the army he immediately attacks and attacks and attacks and this whole campaign is just another series of offensive maneuvers. i don't think hood, even until nashville, until all the disasters of franklin had happened, does he become into a point of mind where he has to be on the defensive and then he simply has no choice. he is outnumbered 2-1 at nashville. nashville is a heavily fort tied city that has been occupied as you know by union forces since march of 1862. it is a very tough nut to crack. and it certainly wouldn't have been broken open by an offensive maneuver. so maybe it took that reality to actually change hood's sort of very aggressive fighting tactics that had sustained him through the whole war. it brought him accolades. it got him moved up the command structure. but it also led to his ultimate downfall.

hood claims there were several times he recommended to johnston, this is the time to attack, but johnston wasn't do it. once hood is put in command of the army he immediately attacks and attacks and attacks and this whole campaign is just another series of offensive maneuvers. i don't think hood, even until nashville, until all the disasters of franklin had happened, does he become into a point of mind where he has to be on the defensive and then he simply has no choice. he is outnumbered 2-1 at nashville. nashville is a heavily fort tied city that has been occupied as you know by union forces since march of 1862. it is a very tough nut to crack. and it certainly wouldn't have been broken open by an offensive maneuver. so maybe it took that reality to actually change hood's sort of very aggressive fighting tactics that had sustained him through the whole war. it brought him accolades. it got him moved up the command structure. but it also led to his ultimate downfall.

johnston and to break it up. and then get into the interior of the enemy's country as far as you can. inflicting all the damages you can against their war resources. at the same time, sherman was supposed to prevent 'johnson from detaching elements of his army to re-enforce either lee's army in virginia or confederate forces out in louisiana. and that is sherman's objective then in the atlanta campaign. if you look at sherman's record during the civil war up until the spring of 1864, in many ways it not that impressive, particularly if you look at his performance on the battlefield. if you look at chickasaw bluffs during the vicksburg campaign in december of 1862. if you look at chattanooga and missionary ridge, sherman's -- the attacks that sherman has launched in those battles have been piecemeal. they've been repulsed and he doesn't have a particularly impressive record on the battlefield. sherman's reputation then today rests primarily on what he did in 1864 and 1865, to implement grant's grand strategy. sher

i really do. >> reporter: still sober and now in remission, johnston is back at work. such a life-changing experience, this five-month journey i went on. >> reporter: for "good morning america," paula faris, abc news, new york. >> so glad she's speaking out. we hear from so many people who battle lupus. there's not enough discussion about it and not enough awareness. >> good thing she caught it in time, too. >>> is the middle initial on its way to becoming a thing of the past? a piece in "the new york times" getting a lot of buzz this morning. >> no, no, i love my middle initial. >> i'm philadelphia you're hogl. every generation, it seems like people are using them less. they say it seems too formal. john f. kennedy. franklin delano roosevelt. mary j. blige. she's holding on to it. baby boomers use them more than gen xers. >> i like it. >> what is it, dan? >> b., for beef cake. benjamin. >> dan beef cake harris. and yours are -- >> r. triple r. >> i use it with my signature. >> you are? >> r, robert. >> yours? >> christine. rhymes with pristine. >> makes perfect sense.

joseph johnston was grinding down sherman's army. lee could have done the same, because what's the prize for these campaigns in 1864? it's defeat of abraham lincoln. in fact, it is the defeat of abraham lincoln that is the confederacy's last best hope for southern independence. before we dive into the details of this argument, we need to do a little his triography. when the word his triography comes out of my mouth, it's like ether. i'll make this succinct and to the point. it falls in line with many historians who critique lee for his excessive attacking. and that that attacking, or the commitment to the offense, that it ultimately brought upon confederate defeat. this idea that many scholars maintain today, has its origins in the work of many of these peers. including edward porter alexander, the artilleryist, in the first corps. he described lee as audacity personified. james long street, alexander's superior, after the war said it was lee's up and at 'em courage that would not let him rest. these two examples, and there are many

the offensive ton strip and 18 soldiers and two civilians have been killed also, from gaza nicole johnstonorts. >> reporter: scenes of celebration in the occupied west bank after hamas military wing announced they captured an israeli soldier. >> translator: the israeli enemy has been hesitant to reveal the actual number of their losses, yet the magnitude of the loss operation by al-kasam forced them to admit to losses and damages. what the enemy did not admit to today is the loss of their own soldier, tag number 6092065. >> reporter: the group didn't say whether the soldier is dead or alive. >> at this time i still cannot confirm the report. we are aware of it and looking into details and we will be confirming, denying this over the course of the day once we have final clarification. >> reporter: all day gaza's hospital has been dealing with hundreds of people injured and killed in the area here. and then for a brief moment this. [chanting] this is an honor to the palestinian nation and victory for the palestinian people. we are proud of the men of resistance as well as the palestinians. >

james was cutoff in mid flow by our connection problems, apologies for that but we have nico nicole johnstonza for us and it's fairly quiet this morning, what has been happening? >> yes, the right of air strikes has completely dropped off as well as tank shelling and rocket fired from gaza as well. it was a quiet night. having said that in the last hour or so we had reports of an air strike on empty land, empty fields in the camp area as well as ground combat from fighters from the military wing of hamas with israeli soldiers and that is taking place in the gabali area but over all it is one of the quitist periods in gaza in the last three weeks. >> israel reserves the right to keep the tanks in the border areas and carry on getting rid of tunnels, is there any word from hamas on how it thinks this battle is going? >> no. i mean hamas has been continuing with statements to the effect -- we just heard what sounded like some shelling from the coast there so perhaps i spoke too soon about it being quiet, anyhow hamas is trying to boost no ral and staying stead fast and they will continue the re

we lost our audio from nick ole johnston.s we were talking about, though, just before we chatted to nicole this issue of this un facility that was hit in gaza, have a look at this now. >> reporter: doctors worked frantically to treat the wounded. the emergency ward of the hospital was overwhelmed after israeli forces shelled a un school being used as a shelter just after dawn. the majority of the dead and wounded are women and children. this man says he was asleep when the attack happened. >> translator: all of a sudden tank shells started falling all around us, we were showered with shrapnel, men, women, and children started running everywhere. it was terrifying. >> reporter: it's a pretty chaosic scene here at the hospital as medical workers try to treat the sheer volume of casualties, and while people here are mourning the loss of their loved ones, and asking themselves where they can stay that is safe. this classroom was supposed to be safe. all that is left are the remnants of the live of people who took shelter here sho

we'll go back to gaza and talk to nicole johnston. i just want to bring you back. to update us and remind us of what has happened, particularly what happened in shajeya. >> reporter: what happened in shejuya is becoming clearer. first it seemed that there was a tank shelling on a market area. that was the information coming out. but we're now told that it was three separate airstrikes on one very large area that has a warehouses, workshops, and industrial area with garages that mechanics operate there. a number of people were injured. some were killed. we're told that more people came to that area to try to help them, and in that time two more air strikes were carried out. media arrived on the scene very quickly. you can see the terrible pictures of people lying injured. there is a lot of blood. medics rushing, really, an awful scene that on the edge of shujayea, an area that has suffered so much already. on the edge of shujayea. not right inside it. because the neighborhood of shujayea has been pretty much emptied out. this was on the outskirts of it. aside from s

nicole johnston, al jazerra, gaza. >> funerals from friends and family are now a daily occurrence ina where mourners held a funeral for three children killed on friday. gaza's health minister said a fifth of the palestinians killed have been children. many remain homeless. the relief organization says it needs $66 million by tomorrow or else it will run out of emergency supplies. al jazerra's nick schifrin has more from gaza city. >> reporter: conditions for the residents of gaza if they weren't already are becomingpractices, they need $66 million for basic necessities like water, food, blankets the hundreds of thousands of gas ans need right now. focus behind me is the northeast corner of the gaza strip where a lot of the rockets have been flying from gaza in to israel especially the ones traveling north to tel aviv. the israeli army has focused its air strikes in the last week and a half in that area and now the ground operation is in its second day is focusing tank shelling and artillery shelling in those areas. that is why so many residents are fleeing come hoo tore gaza city tha

david cay johnston joins us from rochester, new york. what about the criticism from folks who say perhaps it had something to do with the 9/11 or the wars that caused the economy to have the problems that it did? >> well, i took that under consideration when i planned this story in october of 2000. i called the bush campaign. i was at "the new york times" then, and i asked if there were any ifs, ands, and buts that these tax plans would make us any worse off? i was given the direct phone number of the "new york times" if they wanted to explain about it. but they mr. insist tent that there were no ifs, ands and buts. they had the opportunity to say back then of course we want to condition this on things that we don't have control over or choices that we may make that are subsequent to the election, and they passed on that opportunity. and the president kept giving speeches after the election in which he said exactly the same thing. these tax cuts will make us better off. all i'm doing is holding president george w. bush to his own standar

let's speak to nicole johnston who is live for news gas a nicole, evening now i can see the differenceind you, people walking around and cars on the street. so the ceasefire does seem to be holding for now. >> reporter: that's right. we are in the middle of the center. we have been here for about 30 minutes and it is absolutely chaotic. you can see that thousands of people are starting to arrive. they are coming back in to this huge eastern neighborhood of the gaza strip. people will remember that this was really pummeled on saturday night. more than 60, 70 people were kill here in one night alone. and it's been very difficult, practically impossible for people to come back to see the damage, to see if their homes are still here. you can see in the distance a omahas been completely blacked out by gunfire, by smoke and fire, most of this area was hit hard by israeli tank shelling. so you are seeing this morning the scenes have been quite incredible. we have seen relative relativesg back to find out if their neighbors are alive, if their friends are alive. you can see people walking out,

nicole johnston reports from gaza. >> reporter: gaza's eastern neighborhoods, those closest to israele become no-go areas. dangerous, even during a ceasefire. the international solidarity movement released this video which appears to show the moment israeli sniper fire killed a palestinian. the man was apparently searching for family members in the neighborhood of gaza. during the humanitarian ceasefire on sunday. the first shella pierce to hit him in the hand. we have frozen this video as the next images are disturbing. but as he lies in the rubble he's shot again twice more. israel hasn't commented on the video. elsewhere a hospital was hit, the third in this conflict. multiple shells struck a hospital in the city. its administration section was destroyed and there is now no supply of oxygen for the patients. >> they bomb in our hospital now. the operative unit and we cannot do anything here for our patients and for our injured peoples. >> reporter: israel released this statement about it. >> initial investigation suggests that a cash of anti--tank missiles was stored in the immedia

israel released this statement: >> let's speak to nicole johnston who is live in gaza for us, nicole. so long ago we were. [speaking at the same timeing to you about the ceasefire in place, but we were saying even then that it was a very shaky ceasefire because hamas had erect jected it and was continuing to fire rockets towards israel. >> reporter: it didn't take long for that shaky ceasefire to become a nonexistent ceasefire which didn't come as any great surprise to people in gaza. they have to save face here as well from a hamas or palestinian perspective a ceasefire where troops are israeli troops are stale operating on the ground destroying tunnel is his no ceasefire at all. so the activity has picked up we can hear a lot of f-16s flying above us, we have had an air strike. we haven't had reports of how many deaths or injuries from that. we can hear a lot of shelling from the naval ships that are positions off the coast. they have been pounded various areas of gaza. and reports as you said that the neighborhood and eastern neighborhoods in the gas city that they are again being

nicole johnston is there for us. seem like a pretty shaky ceasefire but it is quieter. >> reporter: it is a shaky ceasefire if you could call it that at all. as you were just saying hamas and the pal tin general factions are not agreeing to any ceasefire or extension of the truce that we had yesterday on the basis that they don't believe it's a ceasefire as long as israeli troops and tanks are operating inside gaza on these tunnels. overnight the pal still vinnie n faction said they fared some 20 rockets and that doesn't look like a ceasefire. this morning we had tense firing and shell strikes through different parts of the gas trip by the israeli side. one person has been killed. but as you said it is much quieter than it has been. so both sides are still exchanging some fire, but not to the extent that we have seen over the past few days. >> and, nicole, what are people doing to take advantage of this relative quiet. i can see behind you there are a long cue o queue of people. >> reporter: yes, we are in the middle

and nicole johnston can you hear me on the ground in gaza?yes, i have. >> are you able to tell us more about what is happening right now in gaza? >> yes, we have had the information that attacks are continuing in the neighborhood. this is a very large district in the eastern part of gaza that was heavily hit, more than 60 or 70 people killed in one night. and the attacks to be honest have never really stopped except during those brief periods during a ceasefire. what you are seeing now is pretty typical. the tense shelling has continued. we're told there has been ground operations going on at various times between fighters from the palestinian side with the israeli soldiers as well as air strikes. most people from the neighborhood have left. and al jazeera has been covering what has been going on there a lot. we know it's really utter devastation in large parts of it. whole neighborhoods wiped out, houses wiped out, and anywhere warehouses are still standing they have been heavily damages. and we now have more than 180,000 people in various p

nicole johnston has more. >> thursday's deaths and injuries, then more people came. rushing from a nearby market to help. as they arrived a second air strike and then a third. they hit an area full of warehouses and work shows for car mechanics. by the time it was over there were bodies everywhere. the strikes happened during what israel said was a pause in its attacks in certain designated areas of gaza. the problem is: there was never any real break in the fighting. it was just as dangerous as ever. >> translator: all the people who were targeted were hit in the head. with the aim of killing them. we are talking about at least 100 wounded and we're talking about an indescribable massacre. and this during the four hour truce they announced. >> reporter: hamas is calling it a massacre. israel hasn't commented. earlier in the day, a united nations school where 3300 people were taking shelter was also hit. 19 people were killed, mostly women and children. >> translator: all of a sudden tank shells fell all rarnd us. we were all around us. it was terrifying. >> reporter

nicole johnston has more from gaza 2347 this is as bad as it gets. the power station up in smoke. no one has ever seen anything like this here before. it's been burning out of control for hours. too dangerous to send crews in to put it out. >> reporter: now it's taken another direct hit. trying to repair this could take months. >> all the plant's fuel is burning. >> it has been targeted for the last couple of days. we have informed the red cross and everybody about the shelling. they say this is a mistake. i don't know, this has been repeated several times. >> reporter: al jazeera also visited the power plant a few days ago. then one of its four generators have been hit. and the main office even still the workers showed up to try to keep the place running. but they were nervous. >> it's death. this is dangerous. what can we do? this is our work. >> there is no electricity since the israelis ground invasion started. >> talking about the situation, there is no electricity. there is no water. no supplies. >> this shop relies on a generator for its electricity. but the cost of running

nicole johnston, al jazeera, gaza. >> we have more on the situation on the ground in gaza. what's it's been like in the course of this latest escalati escalation? >> reporter: well, it's been very unpredictable, very chaotic and very deadly. the death toll here in gaza has exceeded over 100, and it really just gives a strong indication of just how hard the israeli forces have been bombarding this tiny coastal strip. the sunset over gaza just around an hour ago. as soon as darkness fell over gaza, we can hear the constant thud of shelling from naval ships, which are just off the coast. probably about two or three kilometers from where i'm standing right now. i'm not sure you can hear but you can probably hear the buzz of drones which tend to fly all night over gaza. and so when you consider the fact that the sun has set. the city is in pitch-darkness because there is no electricity, and the bombardment continues. so again, a very dire situation here. >> the electricity supply is strained. we know shells hit gaza's power plant, a number of people were wounded, killed i should

nicole johnston, al jazeera, gaza. three are dead in egypt after a car bomb exploded in giza. the state-run news outlet quoted a police officer saying the three killed were likely to have been on their way to carry out a terrorist operation. >>> 3 al jazeera journalists have spent 214 days in an egyptian prison. last month p two were given seven-year sentences. and one sechz seven or years because he had a spent bullet that he had in his possession. al jazeera continues to demand their release. >>> aid workers say thousands of children are starving after two years of war. they are left in a country so ravaged there is not enough food to survive on. >> a report from bange. we advice some of the images in her report are disturbing. >> reporter: yumbala is 17 years old, a widow. her husband was killed in some of the religious-based violence that has affected the area for months. she is hungry and alone. her baby is suffering from malnutrition. >> my heart breaks every time i look at him. he is suffering. i can't help him. i don't know what to do. i have nothing to give him. >> ot

let's begin with nicole johnston.ve discovered some of these safe zones simply are not so safe in reality. >> that's absolutely right. the israeli army had told people who live in the areas of shujayea who have been hit hard during the past few days to move into the central part of gaza city for example where our office is. now we drove this afternoon to an area quite close to here in the central part of the city and there was tense shelling going on. only meters behind us as we drove up a street we saw one home hit by this tank shelling. two people were killed in that particular incident. we know in another area that israel warned people to move to, they said it would be a safe area, israel has since released a statement about that attack. they said that that hospital was hit because in was a women's cache in the vicinity of it. >> nicole, the white house calling for a ceasefire. what is the reality there on the ground? >> reporter: the tank shelling has been quite heavy this evening. sometimes it's quiet for half an

johnston and dr. gioia. one of the debates occurring in the state of nebraska right now is you have a child or a high school student that suffers a concussion during a game. so it's been diagnosed. what do you do next? right now the thought is you keep them home or her home, dark, no electronics. that's kind of the norm. there's a discussion whether that's appropriate or not. or to what length. what do you know? what would you recommend? >> well, i will tell you about how we handle things in alabama and i think a lot is based on the cdc guidelines which is once a athlete is diagnosed they're removed from the field of play and then evaluated. we use the scat, a sideline based assessment and use it afterwards as well. it has a mini inventory of neurological exam and function. and when children have symptoms, they don't return to any activities until the symptoms have resolved. those children who have symptoms lasting beyond the two weeks are referred to psychologists. >> you recommend dr. gioia? >> yes. it com

joseph johnston was grinding down sherman's army. lee could have done the same, because what's the prize for these campaigns in 1864? it's defeat of abraham lincoln. in fact, it is the defeat of abraham lincoln that is the confederacy's last best hope for southern independence. before we dive into the details of this argument, we need to do a little his triography. when the word his triography comes out of my mouth, it's like ether. i'll make this succinct and to the point. it falls in line with many historians who critique lee for his excessive attacking. and that that attacking, or the commitment to the offense, that it ultimately brought upon confederate defeat. this idea that many scholars maintain today, has its origins in the work of many of these peers. including edward porter alexander, the artilleryist, in the first corps. he described lee as audacity personified. james long street, alexander's superior, after the war said it was lee's up and at 'em courage that would not let him rest. these two examples, and there are many

nicole johnston reporting live from gaza there. that temporary truce came after marathon discussions in cairo. israel earlier rejected plans for a longer cease-fire with the u.s. secretary of state john kerry citing differences on terminolo terminology. we have more from occupied east jerusalem. >> reporter: when john kerry addressed reporters to explain why his seven-day cease-fire plan could not be agreed, he was asked whether the israeli government had voted against a proposal. this was his response. >> there was no formal proposal or proposal raised to say that it's absolutely clear. that is an error, inaccurate. >> reporter: john kerry says he made no formal proposal, but al jazeera's obtained this one-page text which looks like a carefully drafted plan, which we are told was agreed with other key players. it's called "framework for sustainable cease-fire in gaza." hamas has always said any deal must involve a lifting of the siege of gaza. the document goes some way to address this. there will be discussion on key issues. the

many gazans are taking advantage of this lull, if you will, as my colleague nicole johnston reports. >> reporter: people have been using the break in fighting to get money. banks were closed for days. now the atms are open again, but not for long. israel proposed a 12-hour extension of saturday's cease-fire. however, they wanted to keep their soldiers in gaza destroying tunnels. hamas said no. the cease-fire fell apart. a few hours later, there was another plan. this time from hamas. >> translator: in response to the assistant of the u.n. and taking into consideration the condition of our people in gaza, there were discussions between the factions and they have reached an agreement to accept the offer of a 24-hour humanitarian calm starting from 2:00 on sunday. >> reporter: during the first hour of the hamas cease-fire, israel carried out at least five air strikes. in the middle of all this confusion about a cease-fire, people are in limbo. they don't know if israel will expand its grounds operation or when. >> translator: how long are we going to suffer like this? a 12-hour cease-fi

nicole johnston has more. >> reporter: this is not an easy place for pakistan's military to track down its enemies. north waziristan is remote and mountainless. it's a front in the war against the taliban, and foreign fighters, uz becks, and chinese uyghurs. pakistan has been accused of protecting and backing some groups, like the haqqani network. the government has had enough and they said it would be wiped out. >> some analysts argue it's about time they were targeted. >> we raised them, trained them and now is the time because it's like snacks, you keep snacks in the backyard, they'll bite you. pakistan realised. >> north waziristan is a tribal area, long regarded as outside the control of the central government. most of the fighting is in the towns. some fighters may have escaped across the border, along with half a million civilians who fled. up to 50,000 troops are in north waziristan. it's reported they are taking on more than 10,000 fighters. >> the military came with the intention that they would find taliban. they didn't find any. they are killing innocent civilians. the mili

that we might actually be able to return to gaza city itself and speak to our correspondent nicole johnston. yes, there she is. nicole amid all of the diplomatic effort that we have just been talking about, the violence, the fighting continues on the ground. tell us the latest of what you know of what is happening. >> reporter: that's right. however, it hasn't been quite as heavy as we have seen over the last couple of days. from the palestinian side they have fired somewhere between 50 and 100 rockets. from the israeli side the tank shelling is still continuing in the eastern flank of gaza. earlier in the morning, we had some very heavy hits in the central part of gaza city, buildings. apartment buildings were be it. and the death toll has been around 60 palestinians. >> nicole i'm pausing slightly, because i'm seeing something coming on twitter, coming from the united states relief works agency, saying that he is hearing reports coming in of a united nations girl's school in gaza, housing those displaced people taking a direct hit by israeli shelling. that has just come in to us, i'm sure

nicole johnston is there. >> since the early hours of monday morning the entire eastern flank of the gaza strip has come under heavy attack over israeli tank shelling. this is all the way down to rafa. it also appears that the tent shelling is moving deeper is inside gaza. originally it was on the inner part of nain neighborhoods prch. plib palestinian groups, with israeli soldiers in those areas. >> and that pretty strong emotions on the street of rah rh ramala overnight. and in france, french youth protesting the invasion of gaza took to the streets in a paris suburb. setting cars on fire. a group of men gathered at a nearby synagogue to hold protesters at bay. in louisville, kentucky, supporters on both sides taking to opposite sides, arguing for their positions for and against the israeli invasion, praying for peace in that region. coming up on al jazeera america: >> i don't know where they find the strength to go on. >> chicago's mayor, rom emanuel getting emotional about the growing violence in the windy city. and the president about to bestow the highest military honor on a so

that's nicole johnston reporting live from gaza. thank you for that.re going to go to west jerusalem, kim vinnell. you heard nicole talking about this supposed humanitarian ceasefire, what about anything long term? anything on the horizon? >> well, let's just say we -- we contacted the israeli military about this attack, most recent attack and asked for some response. the only response they had was they are looking into reports about the situation. and this humanitarian window was to last for four hours, but as nicole was saying in gaza, not much really appeared to have changed. in terms of more longer-term efforts, a palestinian negotiator is in qatar in doha, he is going to be meeting with the foreign minister and a political leader. they understand they are going to discuss sending a delegation with representatives from hamas and jihad and the plo to cairo. and israel's preference has always been to deal with egypt. and egypt always had to be a key player. >> and running parallel to that, kim, i have read about the palestinians trying to sign up to

allen johnston, "bbc news," rome. >> despite the childhood less sons about cleaning our plates, food left over, but instead of going in the waste bin, it could be used to heat your home. that's what will soon happen in new york. next year, the city's restaurants won't be allowed to send their food waste to landfills. instead some of it will be diverted to composting. some will be turned into natural gas. our correspondent explains. >> over here we got our grease trap. >> he isn't just concerned with the food on your plate. he also has designs on the food you leave behind. >> here are some of the vegetables and stuff like that have been peeled and cleaned and we'll keep that separate. >> between 30 and 70% of waste produced in restaurants is actually food scraps, so in this kitchen, they separate organic waste from the rest. the efforts will soon get a boost. starting next year in new york city, restaurants will be required to stop sending food waste to landfills. >> we're all going to have to comply where the landfills are getting too much and it's something we can actually use for o

couldn't miss it, said detective lyle johnston. >> the phone was sitting on a table right next to her bed just a couple of feet from her body. >> reporter: like she'd just been using it or something. >> correct. >> i wanted to look at the cell phone right away because it would tell us who she may have been in contact with last. >> reporter: there was a text message from clay from thursday morning telling chanin he had car trouble, asking her to take the kids to scho. then later some exchanges about who would pick them up. not terribly interesting stuff except that wasn't all they found on chanin starbuck's phone and the what else that was there was very interesting. >> she had had communications with at least two other men. it appeared that she was planning on meeting with one or two of them. >> reporter: now, that got the detective's attention. then it fairly jumped at them, a particular text, a request, very specific, very explicit one. >> there was a text message to chanin asking her to pose a specific way. >> reporter: the hair rose on ricket's neck. that was almost exactly the wa

through my pages are a new report out from david cay johnston reveals that the bush tax cuts cost the united states at least six point six trillion americans six point six trillion of personal income at six point six trillion is more than enough to pay for all outstanding student loan debt credit card debt and car loan debt in america and his johnston wrote in a column for al jazeera america after paying all that debt off and taking taxes into account americans would still have more than two point four trillion left in their pockets and their bank accounts so you know why don't we just roll back that won't. let us roll back the reagan tax cuts and those little obama do that let's roll back the tax let's roll all the way back to the go. i mean take a back up ninety one percent yeah yeah give us very stable economy yet very stable call me a bloke legal on these numbers or have a really interesting before the war and i think it's completely baseless i mean with the with the math the gymnastics the mathematical gymnastics this guy went through to come up with that number it's those silly

nicole johnston is in gaza and filed this report. >> it's been a day of cease-fires back and forwards. first of all, israel was proposing a 12-hour cease-fire. this was rejected by hamas and then hamas and the palestinian faxes came out with their own 24-hour cease-fire. >> came into effect at 2:00 p.m. local time in gaza. the first one hour of it was very heavy combined. there were at least five israeli airstrikes across different parts of the gads strip including in the central and western part of gaza city. there was also heavy art illery fire and tank shelling coming from the eastern border and from the coast, israeli naval ships were pounding the coastline of gaza. since then, it has been relatively quiet. the people don't know what the cease-fire on the palestinian side will bring, whether attacks will continue from the israelside. while they had the chance, pal stonilyians were out in gaza buying supplies, trying to get water because water is a big problem here. those who have had their houses destroyed, when they could, they went back to the neighborhoods to get anything that

nicole johnston is there. >> reporter: we're in the central part of shuj shujayea, and it's utter devastation in the neighborhood. whole houses have been pummeled to the ground as well as tank shelling from the eastern border with israel. you can see that there is nothing left of this neighborhood. all day people have been arriving here to take a look at what's left of their homes, if anything. they're going through the rubble, the concrete looking for anything that's worth salvaging. we've seen people pick up mattresses, canisters, in one case we saw a man with his bicycle lifted on his shoulders as he tried to walk over the rubble to get out of shujayea. it's a really desperate situation here, and the people of gaza are hoping that this 12-hour cease-fire will continue and last longer and give them more time to work out what they'll do next. almost everyone in shujayea has left this area and life with relatives or the united nations, but they don't know when they can possibly come home again and start to rebuild their houses and lives. >> the temporary truce came after israel had earlier re

nicole johnston, al jazeera, islamabad. >>> just a reminder, you can also keep up to date with all the news on our website at aljazeera.com. >>> can we teach robots morality? the u.s. is betting millions on the prospect. >>> later from catching criminals to reading emotions, mind-blowing advances in facial recognition software, bringing computers frighteningly close to mind-reading. >>> my producer and co-host is here to bring in all your feedback throughout the program. teaching robots morality. it feels like we're in a science-fiction movie. >> it's awesome. we're paid to geek out today. this is fascinating and terrifying, so i imagine a future met plus programmed by the matrix and run by sky net and patrolled by robocop. all of us will be like step ford wives because they'll have facial recognition technology that can tell if we're lying. we'll all be boring people, which means siri will be the most interesting person. we asked our community, in future of artificial intelligence, could you imagine dating your siri? we wouldn't last. our communication styles are incompatible. she nev

nicole johnston, al jazerra, gaza. >>> gaza's main medical facility has been stretched to its limitsing this conflict. this is a scene at the hospital. there have been many children among casualties. they are being treated for shrapnel wouldn't and broken bones, bodies are piling up at the hospital's morgue. after 11 attacks on gas, a 308 people have been killed. that's according to the palestinian health ministry of them at least 73 are children. the number of people injured stands at more than 2,000. and the u.n.'s relief agency in gaza says about 40,000 people have had to flee their homes that, figure has almost doubled since the ground offensive began on thursday night. meanwhile, hamas' military wing is trying to show it's standing up to the attacks, they are released this video showing they are using the tunnels beneath gaza. they have been used by fighter to transport men and womens. they also use them to bring in food and fuel evading an israeli blockade. joining us now is stephanie dekker. the ground offensive is aimed as destroying those tums that we have seen. as we have s

nicole johnston, al jazeera, islamabad. >>> just a reminder, you can also keep up to date with all the news on our website at aljazeera.com. >>> can we teach robots morality? the u.s. is betting millions on the prospect. >>> later from catching criminals to reading emotions, mind-blowing advances in facial recognition software, bringing computers frighteningly close to mind-reading.

johnston. experts generally agree that a concussion can be classified as a brain injury ranging in seriousness from mild to dramatic. the center for disease control states a concussion is caused by a bump, a blow he or a jolt to the head or a blow to the body. it causes the head to move quickly. according to the cdc, the sports that reported the highest number of traumatic brain injuries are bicycling, football, playground activities, basketball and soccer. from 2010 through 2013, the participation rate of children in youth soccer and football dropped considerably. some have pointed to the increased risk of tbis as a result of participating in these sports. as a reason for the drop in that participation. the increased spotlight on concussions in sports has resulted in increased amount of research in brain injuries as well as research on how to improve sports equipment in order to prevent such injuries from occurring. collegiate and professional sports leagues have implemented standards and revi