to look at guantanamo we are joined by jonathan hanson, author of "guantanamo, an american history", and senior lecturer at harvard university. the united states operates military facilities across the globe, including in many places of ambiguous standing. as many places in the western pacific that are american territory or not quite. why did this facility end up at guantanamo. >> that's a good question. i want to clarify the places in the pacific are under joourz dictional constitution. guantanamo, since the beginning of the u.s. lease gave us guantanamo bay, dating from 1903. the reason is that cuba retained sovereignty at guantanamo. the u.s. was given control and jurisdiction there, and that m big uty led to the -- ambiguity led to app development of a place beyond the reach of u.s. constitutional law, cuban law and international law. starting in the 1970s, and again in the 1990s, different administrations began to use guantanamo bay to detain refugees in haiti and cuba, because of the loophole. theoretically nobody had legal jurisdiction there. >> i want to push on that point a