joost: thank you so much.rent: another convoy carrying desperately needed supplies has crossed into gaza. the third in many days and the united nations as 100 truckloads are needed every day to avert a humanitarian catastrophe. convoys carrying international aid to -- are finally rolling over the egyptian border into gaza. >> here at this warehouse in the central gaza strip the boxes are sorted out. before being distributed to the areas where they are needed most. boxes of food and water from japan are arriving in this school that is now a shelter, but amongst the relief here there is also frustration. >> [speaking another language] >> i left home without taking anything except shirt and pants i had on. the aid they brought us is just a small amount of what is needed. >> [speaking another language] >> we don't want aid, we want to return to our home. stop killing our children and slaughtering us. we do not sleep during the day or night due to the shelling and misery we are living in. enough. we did not have an

earlier we spoke to joost hiltermann, programme directorfor the middle east and north africa at the internationalf what this means for the middle east in general, and the other regional players. you know at the moment we are at the moment of fighting. israel is intent on notjust cutting the grass, which is what they used to call what they did in gaza in previous rounds of war, six of them since 2006, but to utterly destroy hamas's capacity to ever again strike out at israel. and in the process destroy gaza. that is the only way for israel to do it, because hamas is hidden well on the ground and it is throughout the whole enclave. so this is going to be a long and tough battle. it will take a while for the two sides to realise that there is no such thing as a total victory. we have seen this over and over again in the 75—year—old conflict, or 100 years, depending on how you want to look at it. then negotiations will have to start and the question is who in the international community can bring this about? talking to hamas for example, you can expect some of the arab states and turkey maybe to lean

joost hiltermann, from the international crisis group, told me about the risk of the war spreading acrossegion. there is good reason to be worried, miriam, because it could easily spread on the border between israel and lebanon. but you could also see an escalation in the occupied west bank or eastjerusalem. it really, it could explode in other places as well. but what we've seen at the border between israel and lebanon so far is that the mutual deterrence between his brother and israel is that the mutual deterrence between hezbollah and israel since the last war in 2006, so 17 years ago, has held. there has been an uptick in violence, a growing number of tit—for—tat attacks, some lethal. people have died. but by and large, neither side has escalated beyond that. and that seems to suggest that certainly israel doesn't want to be fighting a two—front war, maybe understandably, and hezbollah doesn't seem to be ready either. and i think it is in part because there are still deterrence measures in place that seem to seem to resonate. but again, that could change. and that could change for two

i think a very joost of the arts. totally fine. yeah. it's probably worth pointing out as well, but this is happening after more than a year of washington, purportedly giving audits. i updated s star pilot, raising as someone to question whether they have the arms to give i know, so they're not sending their own. they're taking somebody else is what sparked it, not oh, well this, the truth is that as i mentioned earlier, part of this comes from the financial issues and the disasters to call and make situation that the united states is dealing. so we can expect that as soon as they don't have enough, or they don't have powerful enough veterinary david use others, veterinary use in order to support a bar. and, and the point here is that iran has been constantly saying and has always practiced this policy of neutral, neutral mess towards the war between russia and ukraine. and iran has proved pull some initiatives to solve the problem. basically, it goes without saying that the continuation of this war is for the benefit of for the benefit

live now to joost hiltermann, program director of middle east and north africa at the international crisis’s first of all, your assessment of what happened yesterday. it's very clear that this _ what happened yesterday. it's very clear that this was _ what happened yesterday. it's very clear that this was a _ what happened yesterday. it's very clear that this was a big _ what happened yesterday. it's very clear that this was a big surprise i clear that this was a big surprise to the israeli security establishment. if you read the israeli commentary today, the blame game has started. people talking about a colossal intelligence failure on a par with the 1973 october war. the syrian and egyptian 0ctober war. the syrian and egyptian armies invaded parts of israel, the golan heights and sinai. even more humiliating, in this case it is a non—state actor like hamas which has gone into at least 22 communities on the gaza boundary and taken hostages and killed people. people are in total shock on the israeli side. and the comments are about revenge. i think this was an unprecedented, in many ways,

let's cross live now to brussels. joost hiltermann is programme directorfor the middle east and northng to troops on the border. he seems worried about this spreading regionally? there is good reason to be worried. it could easily spread. on the border between israel and lebanon, that he could also see it in the occupied west bank orjerusalem. what we have seen in the border between israel lebanon so far is that the mutual deterrence between and israel, 17 years ago, has been and israel, 17 years ago, has been an uptake and violence, a growing number of tit—for—tat attacks, some lethal, but by and large, either side has escalated beyond that and that seems to suggest that israel doesn't want to be fighting a two front war and don't seem to be ready either. there are still deterrence measures in place that seem to resonate. but that could change for two reasons. one, 70 makes a mistake, somebody hits the other side with a number of casualties that prove unacceptable, or certain is that if israel perceives with a ground invasion in gaza and causes more destruction that reddy has, thenit

our best, our brightest have worked together, joosts, labor group -- university, labor groups, financial groups, state government have all worked to craft a tech hub plan that work force our state, but, most importantly, works for this country. like any state, funding for universities is not what it should be. and so these universities are used to fighting and beating the hell out of one another to get the money they needed. and the truth is, we have watched them work together. i come from a state that was built over 100 years ago by people who moved in, where there was no grass, and built farms. where there was just grass and built communities and churches and built hospitals and now the people in this state of montana are working together to make sure that montana can reclaim what we need to have from a technology standpoint, to be the nation's -- or the world's leader. so my question is this. to both of you. when it comes to rural america, congress has addressed it in a certain -- in several different ways. but you both lead implementation of programs at your respective agencies, how

our best, our brightest have worked together, joosts, labor group -- university, labor groups, financial groups, state government have all worked to craft a tech hub plan that work force our state, but, most importantly, works for this country. like any state, funding for universities is not what it should be. and so these universities are used to fighting and beating the hell out of one another to get the money they needed. and the truth is, we have watched them work together. i come from a state that was built over 100 years ago by people who moved in, where there was no grass, and built farms. where there was just grass and built communities and churches and built hospitals and now the people in this state of montana are working together to make sure that montana can reclaim what we need to have from a technology standpoint, to be the nation's -- or the world's leader. so my question is this. to both of you. when it comes to rural america, congress has addressed it in a certain -- in several different ways. but you both lead implementation of programs at your respective agencies, how