i said josef stalin -- it was over the radio within a half an hour. everyone cried, it was such a shock. and what a shock it was. much worse in 1956 when khrushchev in his infamous secret speech at the party congress revealed the atrocities and brutality of josef stalin. for all of us, it was really short. the soviet system, we cannot build a paradise on earth on the bones of millions of people. that was the novel thing about my own system. and from that moment on -- of course, i came to the united states. i was a -- i finished intelligence school and everything else. i came as a scholar. my first impressions of the united states were based on my education, upbringing. i came to times square, i was just totally revolted by the vulgarity. i thought, this is the united states. next day i went to bowery, new york poverty. i said, this is the country. a symbol of human -- future, no way. and i became even more dedicated communist than ever. later i would have a good career as a radio consultant. i recruited seven americans, one would have access to inform