surgeons do understand german theory so my first book is all about joseph lister who introduced it in the late 19th century. even during the civil war surgeons still -- they were not coming to grips with german theory. so you see a bit of facial reconstruction surgery as that time but it was making sure the patient could swallow or speak. they were not really concerned with aesthetics. before -- during the first world war it was before antibiotics so infection rates could be high. joseph lister sort of creates a problem for harold gillies in the second book because you have this new generation of surgeons who are brought up on antiseptic techniques and they are not used to identifying infections at this point. in early years of the war there are surgeons asked the front hastily stitching up wounds trying to stop hemorrhaging and they are literally -- when they would independent gillies care he would have to unpick all this and reverse the infection so it was a really long process for a lot of the soldiers. >> what was date of the harper anesthesia in that era? >> anesthesia had not pr

the genus listeria 110 is named after joseph lister. years ago from august 12, 1912. the aeronautical department of the main directorate of the general staff was created by the military ministry of the russian empire. this day became, then the holiday of the russian air force was taught whether the fathers began to open flying clubs earlier, but they saw no point in creating an air fleet for the army. but the grand duke alexander mikhailovich was convinced that it was necessary to develop aviation for combat use, and he headed the first air force of the country and played a huge role. in their development on planes placed machine guns, the technique of shooting at ground targets and the throwing bomb were practiced by the beginning of the first world war. we already had 263 combat aircraft by the end of more than a thousand aircraft, mostly french, but we built our own aircraft, including the russian knight ilya muromets, designed by sikorsky in the era of the ussr space forces of russia where? there will be air forces on august 12, 1928, the central park was opened i

the genus listeria is named after joseph lister. 110 years ago, on august 12, 1912, by order of the militaryssian empire, the aeronautical department of the main directorate was created this day became the day of the general staff, then the pilots are trained to open flying clubs as a holiday of the russian air force, they started earlier, but they did not see the point in creating an air fleet for the army. but the grand duke alexander mikhailovich was convinced that it was necessary to develop aviation for combat use; he headed the country's first air force and played a huge role, machine guns were put on aircraft in their development, shooting techniques at ground targets and a throwing bomb were practiced by the beginning of the first world war. we already had 263 combat aircraft, and by the end of more than a thousand machines, mostly french, but they also built their own aircraft, including the russian knight ilya muromets, designed by sikorsky in the era of the ussr forces of russia, which includes the air force on august 12, 1928, the central park of culture and recreation was opened

today he goes to the moscow kremlin museum august 12, 1865 english surgeon joseph lister first applied antiseptic carbolic acid or phenol while half of the patients after surgery died from blood poisoning. doctors even thought that pus was good for lister when he read louis poster's work on germs that cause disease. he began to maintain perfect cleanliness in the operating room and apply dressings soaked in a weak solution of phenol to wounds. the death rate dropped sharply, but the discovery of the lister. they didn't recognize it right away . he also came up with a special spray for phenol, developed a method for treating wounds, but contact with the phenol solution on the skin caused dermatitis, therefore, in the 20th century, less dangerous and more advanced antiseptics were found. the bacterium listeria was named in honor of joseph lister 110 years ago, on august 12, 1912, by order of the military ministry of the russian empire, the aeronautical part of the heads was created. it was this day that the board of the general staff became, then the holiday of the russian air force trai