>> this is josiah grub. say hi josiah. >> how old are you josiah? >> three. >> so where are you sleeping? >> man wherever they place us. >> you come in they'll put you on a ten-day placement. and then they'll be like okay you're either denied or approved. >> and if you're denied? >> if you're denied, you have to come back and do the process all over again. >> and that's what you're doing now? >> for the third time. >> new york city has an obligation to provide shelter to all individuals who are homeless. because of that tradition, new york city has the largest public shelter system in the united states. >> patrick markee is one of new york's leading advocates for the homeless. >> the cost of shelter is exorbitant. the city now spends more than a billion dollars a year just in shelter and emergency services for homeless people. >> today new york operates over 250 homeless shelters. but still, about half of the families who apply for shelter are rejected. >> the city has put in place these kind of bureaucratic barriers that wrongfully and unlawfully d

congratulate peter lawson johnston, the far-seeing head of the harry frank guggenheim foundation, general josiah bunting the inspiration of this very prize and andrew roberts, the distinguished chairman of the jury and of our equally distinguished jurymen and woman. and above all, let us now praise the outstanding finalists nominated for the second annual military history prize. the it is an honor to be among you. thank you very much. [applause] >> you know, the terrible, terribly vulgar phrase "takeaway," what is the takeaway? our speaker just mentioned here's one sense to take away from the pell to nice war. ambassadors are speaking in the spartan assembly before the war. you have not yet begun to consider what sorts of people are these athenians whom you may have to fight. is that a deathless piece of advice to carry around in your head for the rest of your lives? our wonderful -- [inaudible] in this process, in this procedure, in this, i think, noble endeavor is the new york historical society who for recent years has been chaired by roger hertogk himself a great student of history. a renais

he becomes a leader in the state of kentucky but his two younger brothers, josiah and thomas , thomas being our abraham lincoln's father never even , learn to read. they become day laborers because they do not get anything when their father is killed. so it becomes clear that there is a real problem in kentucky. and the same people who wrote -- some of the same people who wrote the declaration of independence and the constitution decide that they need to fix the potential problem in kentucky. one is primogeniture. but the other is slaveholding. and their problem with slaveholding in kentucky is not that they care about slavery one way or another, except for the fact that what it does is it allows a certain class of men to amass a fortune because they are amassing wealth based on the labor of other people, to amass a fortune and then to take over kentucky's political system. so they are concerned about that. in part because of what happens to men like thomas lincoln abraham lincoln's father. and that is that thomas lincoln after his father is killed by indians becomes a day laborer and