keegan and mr. selman, what challenges do you have in assessing the drinking water state revolving funds and how does that compare with accessing rural utility service funding? >> well, i'll allow these gentlemen to elaborate, but one of the issues, and i think we touched on it as well, you've got more help in applying with r.u.s. as opposed to srf. the cost of applying for srf, you may have to utilize services from a consultant which adds to the cost. and that's typically not the case with the rural development process. >> okay. mr. selman. >> we've been able to use some srf money. our engineer takes whatever they allow as that consultant amount. whatever they allow for an attorney, an engineer or whatever. he does the paperwork for whatever that is. and they've got that specified in the loan. and we've been able to -- i know certain regions. maybe not. but we've been able to take advantage of sfr money. we've been having trouble getting money through rural development. >> thank you, mr. selman. my

i'm mayor keegan of the castle-on-the hudson. my village is a member of the new york rural water association a nonprofit associate of small and rural communities throughout the state to somewhat responsible for my appearance here today. i got a call from the association on monday asking about my availability and i happened to be traveling back to castleton last night for a trip related to my day job. my village is typical and representative of communities that have water supplies in new york and the rest of the country. according to the u.s. environmental protection agency the state of new york has 2305 community water systems, 88% of those serve populations under 3300. all of them small community and water and sewer utilities have to comply with the same regulations, testing and certifications as the biggest cities, but only with our small rate payer base. we have to operate, maintain and update our water infrastructure with very small budgets. as a small community mayor my number one concern and worry is drinking water and numb

keegan and mr.ellman what challenges do you have in assessing the drinking water state revolving funds and how does that compare with accessing rural utility service funding? >> well, i'll allow these gentlemen to elaborate but one of the issues that i think we touched on as well you've got more help in applying with rus as opposed to srf. the cost applying to srf, you may have to utilize services from a consultant which adds to the cost and that is typically not the case with the rural development process. >> okay. mr. sell man? >> well we've been able to use some srf money. our engineer takes whatever they allow as that consultant amount whatever they allow for an attorney or engineer or whatever, he does the paperwork for whatever that is. and they have that specified in the loan. and i know in certain regions, they have not. but we've been able to take advantage of that but we have trouble getting money for our rural development. >> thank you my time is expired. but mr. keegan can you respond? >

and thank you major keegan mr. newman, and mr. stewart for the expertise you demonstrate to your communities every day. i look forward to your testimony and i look forward to working with each and every one of you as we move forward. i also look forward to working with ore with other members of the sub committee. the chair looks to the republican side, does anyone seek recognition? seeing no one. >> thank you, mr. chairman and mr. tonko. customers of large and small water systems deserve safe and affordable drinking water. unfortunately they're facing staggering infrastructure replacement costs and emerging threats including climate change. resources essential to any conversation about safe drinking water. it is in desperate need of replacement. even minor projects can be unaffordable, and i thank you the chair for calling this hearing to address the problems that the systems face. the number of programs intended to help small and rural water systems. they focus on capacity development, infrastructure funding and technical assista

it's a contest of wills in terms of our own soldiers and teams, what john keegan said in the face of battle, really that battle, combat is the struggle of men and women trying to reconcile their instinct for self-preservation with the achievement of some aim over which other human beings are trying to kill them. so how do you develop in your soldiers really the ability to operate in these uncertain and complex environments, these environments of persistent danger. how do you develop cohesive teams and soldiers that can operate in these environments. the human dimension of war. these continuities are very important. but then we also looked at changes in the character of armed conflict through four lenses as well. what are threats, enemies, and adversaries, how are they evolving. we talk more about that. what missions does the army do as part of the joint force, as part of what we now call another clunky term, interorganizational teams. bringing civilian capabilities, for example, and multinational teams. anticipating those missions and how they're changing based on geopolitics but als

another one is keegan michael key who does great work on keenan and peel.esses who made their partners look good. they were never people who looked to stand out. they just stood out because they looked great. >> the list goes from dan aykroyd to steve carell to jim belushi, rachel dratch. why has second city created such talented folks? >> they practice this improvisation over and over again. when you're at second city this is a graduate school of comedy. you're there three or four years. you're performing almost every night of the week. they are honing their craft and their skill. you have to get better by the time you end your tenure there. >> i wish i could be funny. >> abby, i wish you could do this next tease without a prompter. >>> some of you may not know but today is the birthday of dr. seuss. seven days of genius series. the book i read this morning was one of my favorite books "oh, the places you'll go." and "house of cards" is back. we're building the first one ever to run on natural gas. ships this big running this clean will be much better for

. >> i would like to recognize mayor joseph keying and -- keegan, i.e.ee it is castleton on the hudson. i went to a small technical school down south the west point school for wayward boys. i know the river and valley. welcome. >> good morning mr. chairman and members of the subcommittee and my congressman, good morning, congressman tonko. i'm a mayor of a charming village on the banks of the hudson called castleton on the hudson. we have a population of 1,500 people. my village is a member of the new york rural water association, a nonprofit organization of small and rural communities throughout the state to be somewhat responsible. i got a call from the association on monday asking about my vaket and i was traveling from a trip related to my day job. my village is representative of communities that have water supplies in new york and the rest of the country. according to the e.p.a., the state of new york has 2,305 water systems. all of us smaller communities and water and sewer utilities have to comply with the same regulations, testing and certificati