most of kipp's students qualify for public assistance.s middle schoolers have graduated from high school. more than 85% of kipp alumni have gone to college. >> those charters are fantastic. i mean, they -- whenever you get discouraged that somehow this can't be done, you know, the kids have had a tough experience, go to a kipp middle school, you know, see those fifth graders, see those eighth graders and see what a transformation it is. >> long hours, a long school year and a demanding personnel system for teachers are the hallmarks of the best charter schools, says gates. but he says the key to their success goes beyond organizational nuts and bolts. >> they are really focused on the kids' values, what counts, how the kid thinks of their future. that is where they really get the win. and then the idea of, okay, let's learn addition and multiplication, let's not disrupt the classroom. that follows from creating that really good environment. >> but while charter schools like kipp have extraordinary results, they've been the exception, not