the new territories taken kowloon, hong kong island... justl kowloon, hong kong island...part, comes of the water, the — that mainland part, comes of the water, the energy. you can't survive on hohg _ water, the energy. you can't survive on hong kong island without the back-up — on hong kong island without the back—up from the mainland. without that lease, _ back—up from the mainland. without that lease, it was clear that hong kong _ that lease, it was clear that hong kong island was going to have to go back to _ kong island was going to have to go back to china. began to negotiate. thatcher— back to china. began to negotiate. thatcher signed the joint declaration in 1985, as i remember. which _ declaration in 1985, as i remember. which was — declaration in 1985, as i remember. which was the one country, two systems— which was the one country, two systems a — which was the one country, two systems a principle which problem that for— systems a principle which problem that for 50 years hong kong would stay pretty much internally as it was _ stay pretty much internally as it

the new territories taken kowloon, hong kong island, and... that'sjust the mainland part of it. survive on hong kong island without the back—up from the mainland. without that lease, it was clear that hong kong island was going to have to go back to china. so we began to negotiate. thatcher signed the joint declaration in 1985, as i remember. which was the one country, two systems principle which promised that for 50 years hong kong would stay pretty much internally as it was. that's due to run out in 2047. indeed. and the details of that were further negotiated in what's called the basic law, which is the hong kong mini constitution, and that guaranteed rule of law, separation of powers, the liberties that hong kong had, with the promise that there would be a widening of the franchise and they would have a chance to elect the executive council. that was fine for the first 10—15 years, although it was being nibbled at. the trouble began when the chinese started to reform the school curriculum, which provokes students led byjoshua wong, then 14 or something, to protest. and from