i want to talk about the q clocks -- ku klux klan, referring to the group, the militias which show a familiarity the only people who knew actual marauders in the white supremacist moment would use. members of the ku klux klan from 150 years ago when they first came together did not see themselves as founders of a movement. they would have not thought their great-great-grandchildren would be talking about that and yet not only are we talking about the ku klux klan, the angry and ignorant and vicious a gangs of reconstruction men who disguised themselves and hurt and killed people, not only are we talking about them. we are circulating ideas today that recall those of the ku klux klan's perpetrating acts the resemble those carried out by the first clans. i hope you can see some pictures on the screen. let me take you to el paso, texas in august of 2019, a marauder, a white terrorist killed 22 people, ruining the lives of hundreds. this marauder rights a manifesto that talks about white supremacy as his guiding idea. i will take you to charlottesville, virginia, august of 2017, white sup

i want to talk today about the ku klux klan the ku klux klan a freeze that my grandparents generation used in louisiana to refer, the militias the ku klux which are words that show the familiarity that only people who knew actual marauders in the white supremacist movement could use members of the ku klux klan from 150 years ago, when they first came together, did not see themselves as founders of a movement. they would not have thought that their great great grandchildren would be talking about them. and yet, not only are we talking about the ku klux, the angry and ignorant and officious gangs of reconstruction -- men who disguised themselves and hurt and sometimes kill people. not only are we talking about them, we are circulating ideas today that recall those of the ku klux. and we are perpetrating acts that resemble those carried out by the first klan. i hope you can see some pictures on the screen. let me take you to el paso, texas, in august 2019, were a marauder, a white terrorist killed 22 people. ruining the lives of hundreds. and this marauder writes a manifesto that talks a

he said " i am a member of the ku klux klan." i burst out laughing at him! i know a lot about the klan. it doesn't work that way. i thought this guy was pulling a joke on me. he took out his wallet and handed me his klan membership card. i stopped laughing, but the guy was generally friendly, generally interested in me. we talked about the kln and soman -- klan other things, but he gave me his card and told me to call him when i would be playing at this bar again so he could call his friends. i call him. when i called, he brought klansmen to see me play. they would get ther -- out there and dance. a couple of them would it up and move across the room. " we do not want to touch you, we just want to look at you." that is how that started. later, i decided to write a book on the klan. i wanted to interview these people, go down south, midwest, interview different klan members, and find out " how can you hate me when you don't even know me?' that was the basis for clandestine relationships. that became the first book written by a black author on the ku klux klan.

he quit though the ku klux klan based on that conversation. let's hear from clarence in south carolina. caller: how are you doing? i am enjoying this conversation. i am reading about what you have to say. i am involved in a discrimination case in the state of south carolina. i will be looking for assistance . i have been posting videos of evidence, showing how corrupt the system is against people of color, and so if you have an opportunity, i would invite you to go to youtube and look at those videos. my name is clarence jenkins. we can change the culture by having conversation, real conversation. we deal with these issues of racism and identity. we put it under the rug and do not deal with the real conversation. also -- host: i will leave it there for our best. guest: thank you, clarence. i wish you very much luck in your dealing with the discrimination you are facing. get your allies around, speak out about it, do not attack anybody. listen to them and they will listen back to you. when two enemies are talking, they are not fighting. they ma

, that was just taken down a few years ago, and it was put up in 1978.an the first who ran the ku klux klan, a general of the confederate army who led the massacre of black union soldiers who already surrendered. he's someone pertinent in his leafs of white supremacy and was put up in the tennessee legislature not in 1870 or 68, i believe 1978 or around there so there's no way to understand, this is the relationship between public policy and symbolism is that putting up a bus over ku klux klan in the confederate army, there's no way to also having it reflect a set of ideologies and priorities and policies that would be pushed and the spouse and advocated by peoples whose interest is in some ways represented by the heads of the man who they tensioning placed in that space. >> let's hear from don from new orleans. go ahead. >> love the book festival and to spend festival. we need more books to read but the issue of slavery and transcontinental slave trade which is questioned by my mathematics and we talk about thomas jefferson and his perspective, endowments of universities and endowments tha

nathan bedford forrest was the first member of the ku klux klan. he led the massacre of black union soldiers who had already surrendered. he is someone who was ardent in his beliefs of white supremacist as he. and this bust of him was put in the tennessee state legislature in 1978. that 1870 -- not 1878. there is no way to understand -- that is like when i talk about the relationship between public policy and symbolism. putting up a bust of the first grand wizard of the ku klux klan and confederate army general, there is no way to understand that without having it reflect a set of ideologies, priorities and policies that would be pushed and espoused and advocated by people whose interest is, in some ways, represented by the head of this man they intentionally placed in the space. host: let's hear from don from new orleans. go ahead. caller: love the book festival, love c-span and the library of congress peered we need to have more books to read. i have the issue of slavery, and we talk about thomas jefferson and his dominance of the african people,

shadows obeyed , the troops entered, in nine districts of the states, about 100 members of the ku klux klan this organization. then they dissolved it, but it was revived more than once already in the twentieth century and finally eradicated. racism still fails in the us october 12 , 1960. nikita khrushchev became the hero of the day for his speech at the general assembly. the un spoke to the whole world the soviet leader participated in it for the first time, he resolutely resigned his position and, as always, categorically discussed our the proposal to adopt a declaration on granting independence to all colonial countries and peoples, and representatives of western countries and their allies began to accuse the ussr of colonialism khrushchev lost his temper and did not restrain himself, banging his fist on the table, the next day, a photo appeared in the newspapers where he had a shoe in his hand. years later, these photos were recognized as fake, but khrushchev forced to listen to his words and the term shoe diplomacy. came into use. and she said this: to us the voice of the people is the

like "the ku klux klan was a democrat party". we are not talking about 1869, we are talking, -- times have changed. this country has only been a real country arguably since around 1964-1965 as far as at least starting to live up to our ideals. if we all want to be stuck on stupid and turn the clock back to whatever we have going on -- and if you are a light -- a white person like me, that has reached a certain age, by definition you have a pretty darn good run. it is time to just relax for yourselves, go to your graves as a christian as a verb as opposed to a christian as a noun. because, patting yourself on the back that i am going to heaven by do not have to do anything out of a sense of brotherhood is like a sick notion to have. host: alright, let's try to caller: thank you for taking my call, i am piggybacking off of the call about the inner city, any place where african-americans live. let me give you the example of asbury park, atlantic city, long branch. these areas, their code enforcement won't even come in and stop these

>> i can imagine having a student in the class who is a ku klux klan's been in the question would be the ku klux klan -- the student said that my are rising martin luther king jr. aid him feel bad i would say to the person fine, you told me the you feel bad. am i going to apologize for your feeling bad? am i going to back off of what i said? no. martin luther king jr. was one of the great people in history of the world and as for your feeling bad, you ought to rethink your feelings about that. >> can i get one more in. thank you so much, this is the lesson, on the use of the word (n-word) they are challenged the system via the teacher, a racialized system in a position of power, why do we individualize situations that are clearly about bigger issues? >> systems, organizations, forces work through people. and so it is never a system -- all of these systems, the school system has agents called teachers and we are asking how should a student interact with the teacher? i am not -- by the way, i am not denying that there are bigger issues. there are big issues involved. how should we deal

for 5 days, when those oni obeyed. troops, in nine counties of the states about 100 members, the ku klux klanere formally arrested this organization then races. in style, but it was revived more than once already in the twentieth century and finally eradicated. racism still fails in the us october 12 , 1960. nikita khrushchev became the hero of the day for his speech at the general assembly. the un spoke to the whole world. the soviet leader participated in it for the first time, he resolutely resigned his position and, as always, categorically discussed our proposal to accept independence to all colonial countries and peoples, and representatives of western countries and allies began to accuse the ussr of colonialism khrushchev burned and did not hold back, banging his fist on the table, the next day, a photo appeared in the newspapers where he had a shoe in his hand. years later, these photos were recognized as fake, but khrushchev forced to listen to his words and the term shoe diplomacy. came into use. and he said this is what the people's voice of truth that sounds and will sound the end

i joined the ku klux klan at the time because this was a huge recruitment tool for the two ku klux klan. i can do that. similarly, this is a recruitment tool for the pro-trump wing of the republican party. and for more broadly outside of electoral politics, just a kind of renaissance of white nationalism, which never went anywhere. we just got much more energized in this moment. yeah, i'm tired. mentioned marc just a moment ago. james baldwin and you write about the rise of the influencer as a byproduct of social media. and you make the point that way before there was youtube and there was instagram. there was james baldwin can you talk about why he is such a seminal figure? not only as a novelist and an activist, but from the 20th century, but why he is transcendent and still so relevant even in the 21st. it's an interesting question, and this is actually an idea that had kind of brought to me as we were talking through it. so i'd love to hear your thoughts on this as well. but i mean, this is an interesting moment for twitter in the post-ferguson moment, the ferguson uprisings of 2014

the federal ku klux klan act. cause of action to prevent people from intimating people from voting. so whether it is a crime under state law, i don't know. i will take the sheriff under his word. but is certainly a violation of federal law. >> early two weeks away. who are already voting. how are you going to stop them as of tomorrow? >> so, tomorrow. my judge and our lawyers in state representatives in the alliance for tired americans. i will hopefully convince a judge to issue what is called a temporary training order which is to prevent this while we sort out who's who and what's going on. because the right to vote, this report is that, it's fundamental and preserves all fundamental rights. but we have is just a sad and despicable instance of people trying to prevent people from exercising that right. >> have you heard from people who tried to drop off their ballots? >> we've had people reach out to us and we've had a process for vetting them. so i don't want to go too far in on what's in the complaint. but i t

one that goes back to the days of the ku klux klan in the naenlt century. other is the voting rights pact specifically prevent this tape of intimidation at the poll. >> how late is too late for this type of intervention? we're 15 days out and you're asking for immediate relief from the courts. do you believe the courts can act quickly enough? that the courts can be nimble enough to enter event in a way that will protect voting rights in enough time to make a difference? >> i do. in fact, rachel, we heard that the court has scheduled a hearing on this motion tomorrow morning in arizona. so we're glad the see the federal courts are stepping in and stepping in quickly. after donald trump lost his election fair and square, the courts played an important role in making clear that the, what the outcome of that election wauflt donald trump then unleashed vicinity largees to storm the capitol. and now we're seeing the return by the same factions of the republican party that were there then. we played the the courts to take this seriously and prevent voters from bei

threat of roving militias, which happened in the aftermath of the civil war, what we called the ku klux klanh. now the ku klux klan in the south has expanded into every other state, western states, midwestern states, northeastern states. i don't think it's a formal civil war with battlefields. but we could certainly face armed militias around the country, which we have already seen. >> maria, how do we, as a society, you know, combat this civil war talk? can we at this? point >> i think it's a recognition. under president obama, they recognized his administration that it was white supremacists within the united states were our biggest threat. as a result, they created inter agency collaboration's. come in donald trump and he dismantled the inter agency cooperations because it almost seemed like he didn't care. and this is a result of that. how do you build a system so that -- how do you do the inter agency collaboration, tracking militias. when they actually do something that is about our democracy, -- that's what we are starting to see with some of the results, individuals that actually par

there are actually two sets of laws, one that goes back to the ku klux klan, in the 19th century, the, the voting rights act. specifically to prevent this type of intimidation at the poll. >> how late is too late for this kind of an intervention? we are 15 days out from the election. and obviously, you are asking for immediate relief from the court. do you believe the courts can act quickly enough? the courts can be sort of nimble enough to intervene in a way that will protect voting rights and enough time to make a difference? >> i do. in fact, rachel, we heard that the court is scheduled a hearing on this motion tomorrow morning in arizona. so, we're glad to see the federal courts are stepping in, and stepping in quickly. you know, after donald trump lost his election variant square, the courts played an important role in making clear that what the outcome of that election was. donald trump then unleashed vigilantes to storm the capitol, and now, we are seeing the return of that vigilantism organized by the same factions of the republican party that we're at play that. and we need t

what we call the ku klux klan in the south. ux klan in the south has expanded into every state, midwestern state northeastern states. and so i don't think it's a form of civil war with battlefields. but we can certainly for east armed militias around the country. which we have already seen. >> maria, how do we, as a society, you know, combat this civil war talk. or can we at this point? >> well i think that it's a recognition. under president obama they recognize his administration. that it was white supremacy within the united states that was arming his threat. and as a result it created collaboration. come in donald trump, and he dismantled the inter agency cooperation. because it almost seemed like he didn't seem to care. and this is a result of that. so it's funny that he will assist because not just the political sub how do you do the -- , then when they actually do something that is about of the law, the thought of a democracy through the book at them and that's what we're starting to see some of the results of the individ

pettis the storied confederate general the ku klux klan in man for whom so much the bridge is named. i am not an outsider who makes these demands. i am a great comment great-granddaughter. as much about the south about my teaching and writing here. there is however a peculiar model of southern pride and american pride. it must now at long last be reckoned with is not of ignorant pride in this a pride that says our history is rich. our causes are justified. our ancestors lie beyond reproach. that's greatness if you will. i wish again for a certain kind of american memory. a monument of modern memory. here's the thing our ancestors don't deserve your unconditional pride. they earn that pride by any decent person's reckoning. by virtue of my very existence to be bad actors. there are those that dismiss the hardships of their past. imagine a world of live and let honor they deny plantation raped or explain it away. it's a degree of frequency with which it occurred. to those people it is my privilege to say i am proof when what ever else i might have been and i believed itself to be was a

policy and symbolism pre-putting up a dust up the general in the confederate army and member of the ku klux klan there's no way to understand that without having it reflect a set of ideologies prior to and policies that would be pushed and espoused and abdicated by people whose interest is in some ways representing lives by the heads of these men who were intentionally placed in that space. >> don calling it from laura lentz. go ahead. >> i love the book festival and love c-span book festival and library of congress book festival. weco need more of folks to readn open libraries. the issue of slavery and the transcontinental slave trade was questioned by my mathematics and we talk about thomas jefferson and his endowments and his perspective on the endowment of the african people and we talk about endowments of universities and at these endowments these endowments support scholarships, fellowships and professorships and we talk about the history slavery and the pogroms. they came over on ships. the santa maria and the pinta. and the issue of transcontinental slave trade and the issue of ships and

let's say somebody was making the ku klux klan hoods right there. there's sewing there, homeschooling, they're cooking right. they have always supported these violent lights, supremacists movements and other far right movements throughout history. but now they're able to step into leadership roles in large part because a lot of this happens in social media spaces where they are able to step away from some of the massage, any or the harassment that they might have experienced in other settings. and so they're taking advantage of that and but the, but we can't count on women just because they're women, especially white women. as we've seen. we cannot count on these women to, to be doing anything in their leadership roles that are supporting women's rights or anyone else's rights for that matter. drill down on this, this, this question of whiteness as well. my auntie, what do you make of the i did if m. o nationalism is predominantly supported by those who institutionally benefit from from whiteness it is. we're down to a drive in many ways to protect

sunday september 15th, 1963, 4 members ofte the local ku klux klan had to dynamite on the east side of the church. five black girls were changing into their choir. at approximately 10:23 a.m., the ildynamite exploded and brutally killed 11-year-old carol, 14-year-old, and 14-year-old cynthia westly. those killed became known as the four little girls. additionally, more than a dozen black people were injured including the youngest sister whoo was the fifth girl. the explosion blinded her in one eye and several pieces. the bombing was an act of terror that shook the activists, analyzing freedom struggles and everyday black folks to their core. history too often remembers the four little girls killed by white supremacists. when we talk about the bombing we don't often say their names. we rarely talk about who they were before that fateful morning of the white supremacist violence. denise loved baseball and was a brownie and also loved to perform. carol wanted to be a singer so the choir was one of her trainingdi grounds. she loved reading and dancing and playing the clarinet although alle

advertisements forea the film we next to advertisements for the ku klux klan so it is a revival of the south look at the war again and let's see it with different eyes just as we talked about before seeing the same thing and seeing it differently. the first film that showed at the white house woodrow wilson has a screening of this, the first shown in the white house. another point that's interesting, w. e. b. du boise, marcus garvey, they attempted to raise funds for the movie birth ldof a nation but they couldn't get the resources so this is reflective of the same challenge we have today these tools are helpful because i can push back on twitter and tick-tock but it's not the same as fox news. this was a powerful moment but also a technological advancement in terms of the mode and the the film it was a game changer so many people were drawn to the construction of the film itself. >> it's really critically important here not only because of the falsehoods but this sense of fundamental history that informs the heart explained as artificial intelligence is to us exciting and also like ta

kalamazoo is identified as a member of the stanhider clan, a member of the ku klux klan.s confirmed that he is a white supremacist following the spruce shooter with moscow art theater trained shooter and former activist of the movement for the world of shooters shinzo, somehow identified as samzuki hodayka, a well-known political extremist. and a member. yakuza is still the same person, just about the murder of a shinzoba - this is july 8, in my opinion, yes, in 2022 , this was a terrorist attack by a bandit who attacked three black students in his thirties. uh, neo from st. louis, nazi leader samuel. hyde you wanted to comment on something alexander for this hour. oleksandr i do n't understand you state in comedians in ukrainian passports and so on constantly dealing with technology and precise details. well, excuse me, but two things that are very rudely worked out by ukrainian soup-tsu, along with these priests, look carefully, they think what we did this document is an identity card in order to pass it off as a real document of a person who allegedly blew up the crime

the history dates back to the first ku klux klan act of the 18 70s, 1871 in fact.was passed and signed in response to, wait for it, masked racist vigilantes trying to intimidate black people from voting, sometimes showing up to polling locations with their masks. that legislation granted the government the authority to step in. that kind of stepping in may need to happen now if this continues. these are just random vigilantes, they have support from the highest echelon of gop politics. right now, the very men running elections in arizona is explicitly supporting the mast vigilantes, that is tantamount to voter intimidation. tweeting, we must watch all dropbox is because they do not have live cameras on them streaming to the public for people to ensure that there is no fraud in the process. the guy that tweeted that is mark finchem, he is the trump backed nominee for the secretary of state in arizona. he is not only an election denier but a member of the far-right gang the oath keepers. there is a new ad against him that ties him to the group because well, he is a m

the lawsuit says that this is a violation of the voting rights act, of the ku klux klan act.me state where liz cheney is now trying as a republican to bring people back. >> great to see both of you. thank you so much. have a great weekend. >>> next, the tweet today from twitter's new ceo elon musk that may signal his plans for donald trump's suspended account. free m starting at just $79.95. two pairs! and thehey don't evn have to be identical! in fact, one pair can be practical and sturdydy, while the other pair is super stylish and wildly good-looking. not that it's a contest or anything. two pairs and a free, quality eye exam starting at just $79.95. the exam alone is worth at least $59. book yours today at americasbest.com the silent type, i see. seatgeek is the ticketing app for fans like boomstick lady. no free throw is safe from the roar of her sticks. seatgeekelps her find a seat in the direct eyeline of the shooter, so she can sit where her boomsticks make . everybody ok? seatgeek handles the tickets to sports, concerts, and more, so fans can fan. ♪ choosing miracle-

he actually almost joined the ku klux klan long before -- when he found out they didn't want to help catholics, he wanted no part of it. he had lots of jewish friends. i found the most interesting thing, i don't know if you spotted it, it was in the prologue. i never tracked it down, but it was a story in the kansas city star right after he was elected to something, maybe the judgeship. he said he went to passover with a jewish friend. i didn't know there were any jewish people in independence. his friendship with eddie jacobson was completely real. he had no social interaction with blacks. he felt friendly toward walter white, that's for sure. and he felt extremely angry about adam clayton powell. he had referred to bess truman as the last lady, not the first lady. >> tell us about his character. he certainly was a direct person, and usually honest. i know that with abraham lincoln, he could stretch the truth when necessary. what about truman? what was his character like? >> truman could stretch the truth too. he would remember things that never happened. i was fascinated to find in

. >> they're coming for what you've got is echoing what the ku klux klan said about african americanst the jews. it's the same kinds of tropes. >> that's absolutely true, andrea. here's the thing. we've got a lot of cases in the news now that follow along similar themes, but the oath keepers being on trial, white nationalism is on trial. this fall, the supreme court's going to take up racial gerrymandering and affirmative action so we're watching all these issues hoping we have some semblance of hope coming out of this, but when this happens in a sun down town that still blares a horn, trying to bridge the past and presence forces us to realize they're more closely held together than we'd like to think. what we're seeing in states like texas where they're fighting the weaponization of critical race theory in the context of what he said, candidates are saying we're happy with the controversy. we want to have a fight and we don't want to back down what we're saying. forces me to quote james boldwin. it's not permissible for the authors of destruction and devastation to be regarded as in

plaintiffs alleging that the group has violated the voting rights act and the ku klux klan act of 1871ow is one of the lawyers behind that lawsuit, democratic voting rights attorney, marc elias. mark, thanks so much for being here. can you just describe what these guys in tactical gear, and masks who are reportedly also with guns, what are they doing at these drop off boxes? >> they are intimidating voters. i mean, let's just call it out for what it is. they are not there because they want to observe. they are there because they want to create an environment that makes people afraid to use ballot drop boxes. ballot drop boxes in arizona are entirely legal. there is nothing suspicious about them. and a group of election deniers and big lie advocates have arranged this, so that people are afraid to vote. >> and who are those guys? do you know who they are? >> so, we named the organization that seems to be the umbrella for this effort, and its leader. we also named a series of john doe and jane doe defendants, because as you say, some of the people who were at these polling locations at m

>> you've got no catholics during the first world war, and he almost joined the ku klux klan, long, long before when he found out they didn't want to help catholics. he wanted no part of it. he had lots of jewish friends. i found it was interesting, i don't know whether you spotted it, it was in the prologue, and i -- tracked it down, it was a story in the kansas city star, he was elected to something, and he would go to passover and independents with a jewish friend, and this was -- are there any jewish people and independents, and that was one of truman's friends. and his friendship with eddie jameson was -- he had no social interaction with blacks. >> yeah -- >> none, actually he felt -- he felt fairly towards walter, why that is for sure he felt extremely angry about powell. howell had called and referred to -- as the last leg, not the first lady it was something she had done. >> yeah. tell us about his character. he certainly was a direct person. and usually honest. i know that with abraham lincoln, with one of his colleagues and private protector. he said that link instructs the tr

sunday september 15, 1963, 4 members of the local ku klux klan had planted dynamite on the east side of the church. five black girls were changing to the choir robes in what should have m been an uneventful sunday morning. at approximately 10:23 a.m. the dynamite exploded and brutally killed 11-year-old denise mcnair carol robinson 14-year-old adey collins and 14-year-old cynthia beyond wesley. those killed becameit known as - little girls. additionally more than a dozen black people were injured including the younger sister of annie mae collins, sara collins was the fifth girl in that basement pic explosion her in one eye and several pieces of glass were embedded in her face. thech 16 straight at this church coming with an act of terror that shook civil rights activists and everyday black folks. history often are members at the carol and cynthia is the four little girls killed by supremacists. only talk about the bombing we don't often say their names. we rarely talk about who they were before that fateful morning of unrepentant white supremacist violence. ebdenise loves baseball an

perhaps overcoming the stigma of having been a ku klux klan member, not coming out just after he was appointed to the court, undeniably. he chartered and egalitarian path of our constitutional law. by the late 1940s, he really had becoming the leading liberties justice. he was that, for most of his career, i think he is also very important. i have two children, i don't pick save a children. i look at these justices and think, really, that is an all-star team! quite a talented roster with almost no exceptions. >> who do you put your money on, ralph? >> i would say black also. it's interesting that rose about claimed him. he probably was blindsided. he didn't really do his homework i'm black and his klain membership, although it did end up pretty irrelevant based on the direction that he took on the court. it's also interesting that there was this deal to appoint joe robinson to the vacancy after advantage retired. robinson, of course, was carrying the president water off through the court packing case. he with the senate majority leader who literally worked himself to death and die be

do you know about the ku klux klan, one it was formed? no.e people support him. so that is enough for him, that's all he cares about. he is legitimately a cult leader. he does not care about you as an individual, what you stand for, as long as what you stand for is him. >> michael cohen, you and i will talk next week about this book, okay? i can't tell you anything about it, i have to read it, you can't say anything about. next week, you will see something about it. i not only appreciate you being here, but this is your 28th wedding anniversary? >> yes it is. look, why, happy anniversary sweetheart, i'll be home in a few minutes. only for you, ali. >> i apologize to michael cohen's wife for this, it was very meaningful to him being here with us. good to see you, i will see you next week, we will talk about your book. michael cohen's host of the mea culpa paul podcast, also author of two books, revenge and disloyal. revenge is how donald trump weaponize the department of justice against critics, available on october the 11th, and as i said, i

perhaps to overcome the stigma of having been a ku klux klan hebb and that coming out -- member and that comes out just after he's appointed to the court undeniably, he charted an egalitarian path to our constitutional law. and by the late 1940s, really was becoming the leading civil liberties justice. and was that for most of the rest of his career. so i think he's also very important. but i have two children. i don't pick favorite children. i look at these justices and think really it is an all-star team. it is quite a talented roster with almost no exception. >> ralph, put your money on it, ralph. >> i would say black also. it is interesting that roosevelt claimed later and probably true, he was blindsided. he didn't really do his homework on black and his klan membership, although it ended up pretty irrelevant based on the direction he took on the court. but, you know, it was also interesting that there was this deal to appoint joe robinson to the vacancy after -- retired. and robinson, of course, was carrying the president's water all through the court-packing case. he was the senat

perhaps to overcome the stigma of having been a ku klux klan hebb and that coming out -- member and that comes out just after he's appointed to the court undeniably, he charted an egalitarian path to our constitutional law. and by the late 1940s, really was becoming the leading civil liberties justice. and was that for most of the rest of his career. so i think he's also very important. but i have two children. i don't pick favorite children. i look at these justices and think really it is an all-star team. it is quite a talented roster with almost no exception. >> ralph, put your money on it, ralph. >> i would say black also. it is interesting that roosevelt claimed later and probably true, he was blindsided. he didn't really do his homework on black and his klan membership, although it ended up pretty irrelevant based on the direction he took on the court. but, you know, it was also interesting that there was this deal to appoint joe robinson to the vacancy after -- retired. and robinson, of course, was carrying the president's water all through the court-packing case. he was the senat

ku klux klan killed him. that was then. they were a murderous, thieving, perverted lot since inception 1800 and they have changed. it's like the mafia. if you set up, if you set up the mafia inside of the city who's coming to it? the pimps, the drug dealers, the murderers, because that's what they do. when you set up a democrat party in a state and they say we're going to support abortion, keep children in terrible schools, were going to try to destroy religion, who comes to it? not the very good people. >> host: do you think this is why the needy demonizes lacked conservatism, demonizes conservatism? do you think they are an enabler and protect them so they can continue their bidding on the further destruction and the erosion of american values? >> guest: oh, yeah, man. using hollywood. i don't have to tell you about. you also know from history, the soviet union and its minions have always, calmness have always tried to break a cadaver in my book about about what taylor branch wrote in his book, he said in 1954 the common