professor kupchan, what do you mean by global turn?be. >> guest: by global turn i refer to a period in history in which the world's center of gravity moves. the last global turn was when the world was relatively multipolar but arguably the center of gravity was in the mesopotamian valley, india, china, it was to the east. and then beginning in the late medieval period, let's say 12, 1300, you began to see commercialism rise in europe, new cities were born. you begin to see a middle class of bowrnlg who say. and by roughly 17, 1800, europe was dominant. so the pendulum had swung from istanbul, from delhi, from that part of the world up to northern europe. and what i'm arguing in this book is that pend lumbar has started to swing -- pendulum has started to swing again. and that's because we see power moving from the west -- that is to say north america and europe -- and it's heading east, but it's not just heading east, and that's why i call the book "no one's world." i don't think that any country, region or model will dominate. in fact

. >> charles kupchan, how is it that europe and the 17th and 18th centuries became dominant? >> it starts with the end of feudalism and to some extent, europe's strength was its weakness because when the structure began to erode suddenly use of new towns, small towns the merger and the more populated by partisans like blacksmiths, by the beginnings of what you might call professional people, bankers and then over time the cities became the vanguard of the commercial revolution and economic activity and debt instruments, little workshops that eventually become laboratories, they were able to thrive because they pushed back against the noble the become the markey and the church, and the rest of the world the thais are much stronger and they were unable to the table to maintain and there for what you saw in europe, the fragmentation of the institutions, the birth of the bourgeoisie that embraced the reformation which slowly pushed the catholic church out of politics and led to the sort of secular realm, all of that happened only in northern europe but then crossed the atlantic a

. >> host: and this is the coffer of charles kupchan's new book, "no one's world: the west, the rising rest and the coming global turn." published by oxford. thank you, professor kupchan. >> guest: thank you very much. .. >> tucson festival of the books and it is more spectacular this year than it has been before. every year seems to have more and more people and the climate becomes more perfect than it was before. and to be a part of this celebration of literacy and the book. my authors today both from texas. one from dallas and the other from a ft. worth. right next to each other but a big chasm of history tradition and lifestyle separates them. i know that works for the author but jim donovan is in dallas rupiah's a literary agent and as well as author of the best-seller tester and of the little bighorn. he has a fixation it u.s. soldiers going into somebody else's neighborhood then all killed. [laughter] evidently some place they should not be. and his book is the best account of little bighorn. now turning his attention to it equally famous last and the battle of the alamo. in may