for further analysis we're now joined live by dr mohammad when you're just lancaster university the w.h.o. recently said there might never be a quote unquote magic bullet for kobe and yet here we have russia announcing it might have a vaccine should expectations still be managed. oh yeah absolutely 1st of all thank you very much for having me back on the show again i think we are living in a very strange on president a situation i think we should not expect that any vaccine would be 100 percent effective and basically none of the vaccine is a 100 percent effective the most effective vaccine we have is measles vaccine which have 80 to 90 percent protection so therefore the cone of minus is particularly by the nature of the ground a lot of says it has no scientific backing that it would provide 100 percent protection when we hear the news like russian vaccine i don't really don't want any of the scientific capabilities of the russian scientists there are certain concerns i think me myself as a search of the media concerned is that i haven't seen any what do you know data what based on me to

the future . 5 or more now we want to bring in dr mohammad win here he's a viral a just at lancaster university in the u.k. dr mears good to see you what do you make of this vaccine from russia would you take the vaccine would you take the shot. i think having approval for a vaccine that is not based on the testified phase 3 trial it's pretty risky and i don't think anybody would be able to take it mainly because off they go and safety profile i mean one of the problem it really with this vaccine is that we don't have access to the original data so it's really difficult to really make out of it what the clinical trial on the phase one phase 2 has been conducted and the information that we have is that it's been conducted on a very small number of people and that isn't sufficient enough and even if it is proven safe for phase one and phase 2 and have some level of antibody that does not get in t. that it would be approved in space fleet so until the phase 3 trial is not completed and is that out i wouldn't become up become publicly available it's really hard to believe it's in is also hard to be

derek gatherer biologist and lecturer of the lancaster university also in moscow constantine so very no professor of the skulk over institute of science and technology and head of the laboratory waksman institute for microbiology at rutgers university welcome to you all maria in an ideal world when someone and now says that a vaccine for covert 19 is ready to use should generate massive momentum and optimism what we've seen is the opposite skepticism all over the world why do you think so well apparently and what are so many experts and laymen seem to agree that this vaccine has not been tested in that that their results of the testing conducted so far have been insufficient and certainly in can close say of seems that important faces of the testing have been skipped and what so far what the report it as a scientific success in is used for political purposes for taking pride in. probably got the world that's russia or has a superiority in science. derek what is the problem here the problem number one is because the russians have not shared any of the data about phase one and

mediterranean region in lancaster in northern england there gather their largest and lecturer at lancaster university and in the philippine capital manila susan macarthur strategic advisor for the international federation of the red cross and red crescent societies in asia pacific welcome to you all i'd like to begin atlanta with dr howard geoffrey firstly it is a point of congratulations that you might say eradicate polio in africa certainly a very big job but tell us what were the challenges in particular within africa and what would what was the real turning point for you that you knew that you could be able to eradicate the disease 1st of all really a massive congratulations to africa it has been a tremendous and enormous effort in the countries and the government and the g.p.i. partners have put in that continent which is led to this amazing achievement of course what it means for africa that at least the threat within the continent of wild boar your voters of all 3 types is eliminated and hopefully forever the threat of course remains to some extent as long as there is one pull you out anywhere

all right well mother thinks we were talked about how much money of religious from britain lancaster university let's keep our fingers crossed you everyone around the world that this may be there was many more be found soon have a good day sir thanks for being with us thank you for a dog or correspondent room cause at least on this as well this breaking news today that russia has registered a vaccine for covert a roman big news isn't it many labs around the world have been working as it was so into the guest just then flat out to try and get a treatment ready seems scientists here in russia overstay work around the clock to have already been able to register what does it mean for you and me that you would like to have an inoculation but also one that's safe. absolutely well it is safe enough that even a lot of air putin himself said that one of his daughters actually got inoculated and she's feeling fine he said that she had a temperature in the 1st day of about 38 degrees celsius then went down to 37 and she was fine so perhaps in that way it is safe russian health ministry are saying that the

criticism and scaremongering the coming days and weeks dr mohamed merah your viral just at lancaster university says the announcement that the russians are ready to register their backs you should be welcomed. i think we are living in a very strange on president a situation i think we should not expect that any vaccine would be 100 percent effective and basically none of the vaccine is a 100 percent effective the most effective vaccine we have is measles vaccine which out 80 to 90 percent production so therefore with a coronavirus is particularly by the nature of the ground about it says there is no any scientific backing that it would provide and it was an action when we hear good news like russian vaccine i don't really don't want any of the scientific capabilities of the russian scientists there are certain concerns i think me myself as a research of the media concerned is that i haven't seen any would you know data what date based on which i can be able to make my own conclusion on on to the efficacy and on to the nature of the clinical trial been set up but otherwise that is we're we are l

hannah's place at lancaster university was already guaranteed but she is still fed up with how the examsto deal with anything like this before, we have listened, we have acted. they have listened, we have acted. they have made it really confusing and made it even more stressed at a time when we are really stressed. dylan is still confused about where it leaves her with resits and remarks. she is planning a protest later this week, calling for the whole system to be overhauled. the fact that they have done a u—turn now, i am really glad, it shows they are listening to us but i wonder if that is because they want a good reputation and want to be re—elected or whether they actually care about us and our futures and everything else. just four students back at stories from four students back at stories from four students back at stories from four students who have had a four days they would rather forget. jon kay, bbc news, bristol. time for a look at the weather. here's susan powell. hello, yet again this afternoon, we have seen dramatic thunderstorms breaking out across england and wales. s

daily infections for the 3rd straight day or dare i gather is a very religious to lecture at lancaster university in the u.k. and he says the rush to produce a covert 19 vaccine could mean that an effective result is still far from such actions take a long time to develop and if you go back to the last pandemic that made the news in a big which was either via spiking 2016 and we still don't have a surprise that's ready for what we used to the some some of the early promising results and complications of rules should be sainted if we define a cyst which is your vital storms are a difficult subject to develop vaccines against and we have a problems with other flu viruses flu virus vaccines and passed with corona virus accedes we've never tried to develop a vaccine to immunise humans against coronaviruses there are some and move axes that have been developed vaccines against humans and for criminals is this this is the 1st one so this presents what problems under normal circumstances a bt several years for this to get regulatory approval but because of the international law to see what's of these pr

gatherer is of are all are just in lecture at lancaster university in the u.k. says russia's a vaccine candidate is likely to be a similar warning to the one being developed in oxford russian vaccine is reported by the task usage of the shoes agency in russia is an advantage beast vaccines that's a similar technology to.

effective it could be by joining an expert dr mohammed morning it was a viral adjusted britain's lancaster university nice figure thanks for your time today is much appreciated no see so there's a difference between near good china. put a vaccine forward but that hasn't been registered china russia has now registered it that's an important step forward isn't it important to get something registered but there's not actually when it's ready for the public. i think we've got a problem of the sound there are not hearing i don't know if they are in the gallery next door to me no i'm not going to sound at all dr i think we're going to come back she will try one more time to subpoena completely those a very good start wasn't it we'll get back to dr mohamed in just a bit i believe let's now though go on to another story today we're going to talk about what's happening in france again to do with the coded as of now paris in there where in masks is mandatory both inside and out on the streets is a sweltering summer in the french capital but residents and visitors alike must note here to the street new rules to

politics and international operations at lancaster university let me ask you first up what we can expect from this republican convention, richard. >> i think that the republicans are going to try to tell a story of past, present and future. i think the past they wantto d that as a way of the president positioning himself as an outcider i think that's part of it. i think it's going to be about not just this particular mode to the pandemic when the president has made missteps but looking at the president's term of 3.5 years and pointing to various policy achievements from the republican's perspectives over the 3.5 years for particular constituentcies and particularly the president's base and evangelical voters there's a lot on foreign policy we might be hearing about as well and looking to the future trump is going to make it a choice between biden as a trojan horse and trump someone that built the economy once and he'll be able to do it again and i think that's effectively what they're going to try to do so quite a lot to achieve in a week but i think it's central that they pull this off

now derek gatherer is a virally just said director at lancaster university in the u.k. he says russia's vaccine candidate is likely to be similar to the one being developed in oxford the russian vaccine it's been reported by the task usage is the official news agency in russia is an advice based vaccine so that's a similar technology to the one that's been developed heater or switch university which is known as the child docs vaccine so a child or stands for chimpanzee and in a virus or expert the basic principle is that the chimpanzee had no vitus doesn't produce any pathology in humans or you can be infected with that and have no symptoms at all and then that's genetically engineered so that have protein from the virus that you want to me nice against is inserted into the chimpanzee identified as genome and then your immune system when it sees this recombinant vaccine virus will produce a lot sign to bodies to the protein that you want to immunize against and in the case of covert 19 that the child or the protein which is the protein on the surface of the of the cover

joining me now is dr muhammad munir, virologist and professor of biomedicine at lancaster university. on bbc news. as fergus was saying there, we don't know which of these vaccines could work, if even any of them could work. but in your view, it is still important that the government purchase them?” think it is a wise fact to have enough infrastructure in place if any vaccine were to become available. part of the problem is that we don't have a track record in establishing coronavirus vaccines, basically. so all the technology that's now being secured by the uk government our different technologies, and those have some track record and other infections but not really with coronavirus is. soi but not really with coronavirus is. so i think this is a really good step to have that in place so that any vaccine that becomes available ina any vaccine that becomes available in a phase three trial, it would have access to the public. but when? this is the $6 million question, when might any of them be ready?“ we really look at the front runners, including the chinese vaccines, they are in the

he is a virologist at lancaster university. thank you, very much, for joining us. i appreciate it. when it comes to covid, unfortunately, so much of the medical has become political. so that's where i want to start, here. when you hear that, you know, thousands of covid skeptics are planning to protest in berlin. when you hear a crowd of -- at a political rally for president trump is told that wearing masks was required by state law, and the crowd boos. what goes through your mind? is it possible to get a grips -- a grip on the disease, if those responses represent the attitudes of so many people? >> not really, kim. i mean, that is really worrisome because, i mean, still, we know that one in ten people among us, they have the only antibodies. and they are protected. the rest nine are still susceptible to the infection. and not observing social distancing, wearing masks, and -- and, probably, one of the other factor is that in those protests and gathering, people from different age groups involved which have different comorbidities, different vulnerabilities, and different disposit

. >>> for more on all of this, let's turn to mohammad munir, a virologist at lancaster university in lancaster, england. thank you for joining us here. we seem to be trapped, cases drop, cases rise, that's what you're seeing right now in the uk, and across europe, is there any way to prevent this? >> there are possibilities to prevent it. i think the major message i want to pass here is 80% of people still are susceptible, they don't have immunity against the virus. small clusters start to appear, if we don't control the small clusters, it is going to go into an outbreak which could be uncontrollable and we're putting in the situation we have been same before in march, april, here in europe. certainly there are possibilities to avoid that. mainly to follow the rules, and what has been put in place to stick with those rules and regulations because, i mean, we all know that taking the carin the road is a risk, if we do not tailgate and follow all the traffic lights, we can avoid accidents. similarly we can avoid catching coronavirus, because coronavirus doesn't come home and doesn't kn

i hoped to to come out with three as on results day to study medicine at lancaster university. came out with three cs which means i was rejected from both my firm and insurance offers. the grades that my teachers submitted this year for me were a‘, a, a. and had i gotten these, i would have met my offer and gotten into cambridge. however, after standardisation, i received a, a, b, which meant i was rejected. 40% of a—level grades were marked down from teachers' predictions and, over the weekend, the appeals system plunged into even more uncertainty when guidance for pupils in england was withdrawn within hours by the exams regulator quual. the education secretary gavin williamson has borne the brunt of the anger, but there are now calls for borisjohnson to take charge of a situation widely described as chaotic. we are going into week three of this debacle. we knew about the problem in scotland two weeks ago and last week with a—levels. here we are two or three days away from gcse results day, and the government still has not got a grip on the problem. to penalise students with

prefers to russia's vaccination campaign and dare i gather a is a for all a just and lecturer at lancaster university in the united kingdom and he says the rush to produce a covert 19 vaccine could mean that in effect a result is still far from certain accidents take a long time to develop and if you go back to the last pandemic that made the news in a big which was either virus spiking 2016 and we still don't have a surprise that's ready for use of the some some of the early promising results and in complications of rules should be say that if you find a cyst which is your vital storms are a difficult subject to develop vaccines against and we have a problems with other flu viruses flu virus vaccines and passed with corona virus accedes we've never tried to develop a vaccine to immunise humans against coronaviruses that are some and move axioms that have been developed vaccines against humans and for criminals is this this is the 1st one so this presents what problems and under normal circumstances a beauty several years for this to get regular to be approval but because of the international emergen

she had a place at lancaster university to read geography.nd she was predicted a b or c but because she was bottom of the list, and somebody to skillet previously got you, she was a u. how is that fair? ok, certainly on the face of it that doesn't seem fair and there will be lots, unfortunately, of incidences just like this. what any kind of standardisation system does is create as fair as possible, you'll notice i'm not saying fair, system across the entire board and for individual schools, which means individual students may not get the grades that come in this case, they deserve. that's why there is going to be an appeals process in place. that's why people can take exams in the autumn. so i'm not, no system is unfair. ithink the autumn. so i'm not, no system is unfair. i think what people don't realise is the examination system, as it runs every year, these sorts of unfair things happen due to the way schools are set. so right now what's happening is the public is losing confidence in the system. and it is up to quual, which i know has wo

military base there it gather is a viral a just an lecture at lancaster university in the u.k. he says although russia's vaccine is still shrouded in mystery it's likely to be similar to the war being developed by scientists at oxford university. russian vaccine it's been reported by a task news agency official news agency in russia is an advice based vaccine so that's a similar technology to the one that's been developed teter office with a university which is known as the child docs vaccine so a child stands for chimpanzee and in a virus or expert the basic principle is that chimpanzee advice doesn't produce any pathology in humans or you can be infected with that and have no symptoms at all and then that's genetically engineered so an attack protein from the virus that you want to me nice against is inserted into the chimpanzee identified as genome and then your immune system when it sees this recount and vaccine bias will produce lots of antibodies to the protein that you want to immunize against and in the case of covert 19 that. protein which is the protein on the surface

gatherer is of are all are just done lecture at lancaster university in the u.k. says russia's vaccine candidate is likely to be a similar one the one being developed in oxford. russian vaccine it's been reported by task use agency official news agency in russia is an advice based vaccines that's a similar technology to the one that's been developed teter oxford university which is known as the child docs vaccine so a child stands for chimpanzee and in a virus or expert and the basic principle is that chimpanzee advice doesn't produce any pathology in humans are you can be infected with that and have no symptoms at talk and then that genetically engineered so it had protein from the virus that you want to me nice against is inserted into the chimpanzee and in a virus genome and then your immune system when it sees this continent vaccine virus will produce lots of antibodies to the protein that you want to immunize against and in the case of covert 19 that. protein which is the protein on surface of the of the covert 1000 virus in order to give the immune system a

and lecturer at the university of lancaster joins us via skype from lancaster thank you so much for being with us just explain to us a bit more how this experiment is going to work exactly and what you expected to reveal as far as how the virus spreads. well the background is something called the philadelphia bond rally of 1800 so it was a big festival that happened to judy with spanish flu pandemic in 1800 and which was followed 3 days later by an enormous flu outbreak and the city of philadelphia and this example is always used in public in overtakes groups every student learns about this connection between large public events and the spread of infectious diseases but during the covert 19 pandemic it's become a pattern that connection isn't quite so simple and we've had many examples of large events that have occurred during the course of the pandemic and it's been quite difficult to new york don't single larger veins through any difference in the parameters of the spread the virus we've had some week that indicates that they may have caused some sprayed in certain areas above above nor

to begin production of a large scale indeed we'll see what happens don't go there from the university of lancaster thanks for joining us from the u.k. . break of the japanese on the japanese island of okinawa has been blamed on u.s. troops but the force commander says there's no evidence of transmission to the local community the bottom line is our procedures for u.s. forces and our stringent they are affected and while we have seen a growth in cases in a couple of our bases of them managed they have been contained and there has been absolutely no connection of the that has been proven to show that there has been any spread from the costers on the bases to the local community. uncle pan is the president of the shin get soon news agency in the capital he says there's been an explosion in cases the rise in covert making cases across the country has been kind of steady for some weeks and it just hasn't and that trend upward trend has just continued on and on and now we're getting into more crisis levels in the case open now as specifically the there is concern that perhaps the reason why it's hitting

good morning, joanna is saying this has accelerated the inevitable, you are an economist at lancaster universityms forced to concentrate their minds on how they respond to the epidemic and part of that then means there are, as you say, some winners and some losers from that. we have seen a lot of people working from home, 40% of people working from home, 40% of people have been working from home and people have been surprised to the extent at which that is possible. if you are at the high end of the skills distribution, you are more likely to be you that kind of work, more likely to be productive and work with technology that enhances your productivity and it makes you a winner in terms of the income gains you can expect to get. if you are at the lower end of the skills distribution, technology seems to be a substitute for you. firms may go down the route of employing more robots and more automating and that would substitute for some workers at the bottom end. particularly worrying at the moment because the recession we are coming out of a to completely? absolutely, people will come out of furlo

the reigning tournament of champions winner, he attended johns hopkins university and is now a network administrator. from lancasterause ] a pop music critic when she first appeared on "jeopardy!" she's now a sports copy editor. from jersey city, new jersey... [ applause ] and now, from radio city music hall, here is the host of "jeopardy!"-- alex trebek! [ cheering ] thank you, johnny gilbert. hello, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to the second of our quarter-final matches in the "jeopardy!" $1 million masters invitational. i'm often asked what makes a "jeopardy!" champion. first of all, you have to be well-read. you have to have good reflexes. 11 of the 15 competitors in this $1 million tournament are unmarried. two of them are with us today-- brad and claudia.

we can speak to dr muhammad munir, a virologist at lancaster university.ng in preston? do you think the tighter restrictions they put in place today will suffice? what we have been watching preston for the last couple of days, the number of cases were increasing and it was on a watchlist, and i think if we look into the last four, five days, the increasing number of cases, i think the restrictions that important place now are prettyjustified, because if we don't really do anything, this number of the coronavirus will keep increasing and that would be not only problematic for the preston itself but also in the nearby cities where there is quite a bit of traffic within that region. that is certainly something we have looked very closely at in the coming days as well. it stopped short of a lockdown, and i wonder how effective that is, because i know preston well. you get a lot of commuters coming from blackburn, from the fylde. what purpose does a household restriction make? certainly, it is not as stringent as lockdown, but i think the major of his is now is