it investigates the responses to the murders of matthew shepard in laramie, wyoming, and james burton, jr., in jasper, texas. both of these in 1998. she is especially interested in how the powerful emotions from these crimes shaved public discourse and policy. so with those interruptions, we will start with you. >> since i'm interested in survival in the modern age of democratic values that are very close to the founders, i think that is kroeber it -- appropriate. my normative presumptions about the public is that there are two of you impulses. one is inclusion of everybody, and the founders were not that good at that, but american history is a progress towards greater inclusion, and paul clemons -- thoughtfulness. we want to consult public when they are thinking rather than when they are not thinking. that is a basic notion. and the question is how to combine inclusion and thoughtfulness. how could we consult the public in a way that represents everybody under conditions where they can think? because consulting the public has to involve the consent of the governed in a democratic soc