it is known as the noriega wall, the leavenworth wall. they were well engineered. at that time, because of the depression, they really gave 100% to the work they were doing. even today, these walls, there is very little movement in these walls, they are performing well. you can check them against earthquake loads, there are more than adequate to resist any earthquake load that you can throw at them. i applaud the results of that stimulus package. >> this particular slide illustrates a bunch of things. one, the hill seemed beyond going down after the lower roadway, goes down quite steeply to pastry -- to bay street and soon thereafter hits the point where there is artificial fill. so you can see dramatically the naturally occurring landforms and the filled terrace. this was also interesting in that you can see alcatraz and angel island at beyond, which of course are the natural peaks of the underground mountains in the bay. so this slide wraps up a lot of conditions. >>

they went to leavenworth. they are now looked at and studied and interviewed in a much different light, even though in the community itself there is still strong feelings and deviciveness about how they should be viewed. a lot of my research was pulled from the no no boys and resistors was pulled from the japanese american national museum. my wife and i went down there and they have on file a bunch of interviews with people, frank ami, a variety of folks who were part of the heart mountain resistors and also the no no boys. these interviews were done by frank chen, frank abe and other folks and they are all on file. i used those to make sure i created real live characters. hope that answers the question. >> who else wants to ask a question? . >> when you do research, are you able to compare the (inaudible). >> i have to admit i haven't done as much research into that area because there were germans also who went through the same thing and no i didn't. that certainly is a story that should be looked into. i kno

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and children's center, a nonprofit she continues to run today out of this small store front on leavenworth street. >> the mission was two things, direct services, and advocacy and policy work. >> for? >> for women and for families with young children. >> the first thing that the families and the women in the neighborhood asked for was a place to get clothing. >> reporter: so she set up a clothes closet and food pantry. >> we want to get them set up so they can make a successful next step. >> reporter: image's next step was to change the face of the neighborhood. founding new partnerships, she and the center built five playgrounds, also built the community's first recreation center, and this elementary school, where there had never been one. >> we needed it more than anything we had ever worked on. we had little kids waiting on market street to go to their school somewhere else, because their parents had to be at work. >> reporter: the tender loin community school is a unique model of what public and private partnerships can do. the center helps run the school's library program and provides

prior to this assignment, he ran the combined center at fort leavenworth, which means he educated militaryas well. he has had a number of previous deployments, including iraq, where he was a spokesman, and also in haiti, panama, and in operation desert storm. a remarkably distinguish courier. we're very fortunate that on his trip back to washington, he can take time with us. he will begin with a presentation for about a half- hour, and then we will join forces appear on stage. i will ask him a couple of questions and we will go to you. we're fortunate to have c-span covering this and other media, which it is important for the american people to hear from one of their commanders of the effort is going to train and improve the afghan army and police. we're looking forward to having that conversation. remember to identify yourselves and speak clearly if we -- if you ask a question, because we want people around the country to hear. without further ado, please welcome lieutenant-general caldwell. [applause] >> first of all, thank you for the opportunity. i greatly appreciate this. we just blew

oversaw the drafting of when i was the three-star commander of the armed center headquartered at fort leavenworth, it was also the army field manual sometimes identified on interrogation actually called the human intelligence collector operations. in that field manual, i might add thanks to senator mccain, who knows something on the subject also, has the force of law. your body gave it the force of law. no one has more experience i don't believe overseeing the application of the field manual and techniques than i do having commanded in iraq and afghanistan, and in iraq when we had some 27,000 detainee's at the highest point in afghanistan where we have far fewer, some 2,000 or so. my experience is those interrogation techniques, which are judged to be humane, and by we, we had the international committee, the red cross and all of our detainee facilities in iraq and afghanistan. we opened up some during my time in each of those commands that were conducted by some of our special operations forces, and the as been judged as the gold standard by the international organization. those techniques, agai

manual that we oversaw the drafting of when i was a three-star commander headquartered at fort leavenworth. it was also the army phenomenal -- army field manual, sometimes called the human intelligence collector of operations. i might add that, thanks to senator mccain, who knows something about this also, it has the force of law. your body gave it a force of law. no one has more experience overseeing the application of that field manual and those techniques than i do, having amended in iraq and afghanistan -- having commanded in iraq and afghanistan. we had some 27,000 detainees at the highest point in the half -- in iraq. in afghanistan, we have far fewer, about 2000 or so. my experiences that those interrogation techniques which are judged to be campaign -- humane. we have opened up all of our facilities during my time at each of those commands. they have been judged as the gold standard by those international organizations. those techniques, again, and to work. we do gain very important information. that is why, in many cases, we prefer to capture extremists rather than to kill them. a

prior to command in iraq, he served at fort leavenworth, kansas, during which time he oversaw the development of the army and marine corps' counterinsurgency manual. the importance of that manual is that it has stood the test of time since then. earlier in his career, he served in bosnia where he was the assistant chief of staff for operations of the nato stabilization force and the deputy commander of the united states counterterrorism task force in bosnia. prior to his tour in bosnia, he spent two years at fort bragg, north carolina, serving as the assistant division commander for operations of the 82nd airborne division and then as chief of staff of the airborne corps. in addition, he has served in a number of staff assignments. aide to the chief of staff of the army, military assistant to the supreme allied command europe, chief of operations of the united nations force in haiti, an executive assistant to the chairman of the joint chiefs of staff. not only is this a man who has been around, this is a man who has commanded, who understands the military and who has produced for the united s