hate to do this as republican, but leez he's in a position to that. that will be a revenue increase of some sort. are those two things in and of themselves, spending restraint and revenue increases of the kind we're talking about sufficient to deal with the long-term structural deficit that you have described? >> no. i don't think they are, and i think standard cbo calculations would support that discretionary spending is not particularly high as a share of gdp relative to history. i think you could cut discretionary spending pretty close zero and not solve the problem in the long term. so focusing on discretionary spending is probably not going to be by itself sufficient on the spending side. >> and i don't mean to put words in your mouth, or only on the revenue side, the tax side? >> i was going to say on the other side, there are many arguments for and against changing the taxes on higher income individuals, but that by itself is not going to close the budget deficit either. we need a much broader set of policies. i -- i think the elephant in the r