lehman sisters, none of it would have happened. and as the eighth most powerful woman in the world, according to forbes, when she quips, people listen and markets respond. madame christine lagarde, managing director of the international monetary fund, lives and works at the intersection of these earth-shattering trends. with 189 member countries, under her leadership, the imf provides policy advice and financing to countries in economic crisis and works with developing nations to achieve macroeconomic stability and reduce poverty. among her charges and passions is helping to close the gender gap in finance and in work while confronting the emerging challenges of automation that risk imperiling women most. madame lagarde, welcome to "firing line." >> thank you so much. >> for those who are less familiar with the work of the imf, can you establish for our audience what the imf is and what it does? >> a teeny, tiny bit of history. back in 1944, leaders of the world, led in particular by the united states, decided that it was not worth

emily: now you did not dive right in, because you became an analyst at lehman brothers.eft three months before lehman brothers disappeared, essentially. why did you leave? john: i wanted to save some money to make it easier to take a risk with no salary for many years, which is what we ended up doing. i went to manhattan, worked at lehman brothers in real estate, and had a two-year education in more than just finance. actually in company culture, the good and bad, company success, the good and bad, and i saw it going from being successful when i entered to disappearing. that was a powerful lesson for me, to never be sure that something is a sure thing. actually when i was leaving, my best friend's mother who worked in the building said how could you leave like a sure thing like lehman brothers to start a silly carpool start up? that was my message on the way out and a reminder that nothing is a sure thing. emily: lyft was founded in 2006 while you are at lehman brothers at the time. how did that start? john: i was on facebook and a mutual friend was connecting logan and

brothers. >> if lehman brothers had been a little bit more lehman sisters and brothers -- you see?cession here. [ laughter ] we would not have had the degree of tragedy that we had as a result of what happened. >> and christine lagarde joins me now. welcome to the program. >> thank you. >> let's just start with a little lehman sisters. i know it's ancient history, but, you know, you've often complained about posturing and too much testosterone around a negotiating table. >> well, i'm afraid this has not improved very much. [ chuckles ] we are just actually going to release a study on the financial sector where it's very clear that there are not enough women in finance. only 2% of bank ceos are women. and if you look at the range of people in the banking and the financial sectors who are taking decisions, 20% at the most are women. so we seriously have a shortage. >> and you used to tell me and you used to say publicly that this is not just a moral issue and just a vanity project, but it's actually a dollars-and-cents issue. >> absolutely. it's more than that, actually. it's a dolla

on september fifteenth two thousand and eight lehman brothers one of the largest u.s. investment banks collapsed elected in one was. a phenomena speculative surfin must begin to misunderstand the. present so that your couscous a posse of honestly didn't mongols or so gleefully to the prison p.d.p. you don't see. them continue to look good if a few more on city lead it good give it a presumption the currency get on play. good hockey live for it could have done it . because it is good with poppy it is surprise to us that in a while the reason. they don't is all they want to have in the coming every other time is develop. ok about the russian the sequel is commercial good shot at cup so i did a fade to disagree go on this is what is on it would suggest that you are in amongst us. after the fall of lehman brothers european banks with close links to american banks risked bankruptcy in turn. governments only just managed to save them in order to avoid the collapse of the whole system. not on and off a separate issue one that are keeping no bond to god just to prove the devil

the able to be in oregon by lehman brothers and yeah i had all that going weddings to try to cover up all the insolvency which they claimed was a liquidity issue it wasn't insolvency these banks are good businesses they just need a huge multi-trillion dollar bailout to tide them over the next week and isn't solvent i've been saying that for years stocks trading at a new all time lows they try to merge with with commerce bank which they said is not big enough that the doors your bank problems as a derivatives book that's insolvent that's bigger than the entire euro economy they have what they have to merge with the year european central bank which of course they will do by another huge bailout and of course the price all the neural terms already near an all time i won't become a new all time i cranked right back think of it in the context of global central bank policy that we rolled out of two thousand and eighteen with which was tighter and quantitative tightening and it ended q.e. give me a break the only way they can rescue played things like deutsche bank or whatever entity it beco

period --lehman's .ost-lehman's period >> market usually fall between where sentiment lies.thing is perfect. what are you liking at the moment. >> your summary is absolutely right. our base analysis is that markets are terrible pricing risks. where we center our investment bonds to underpin a lot of our portfolios. we think the secure bond market in particular is totally undervalued by a bond market that tracts plus or minus two and index. we take a total return view. the bond market does not appreciate the value of having asset security backing your positions. you have all the assets of a business that you pledge under your bond contract. and you're opening position tends to be that you are twice covered by the shares pledged to you. or when you initially lend that piece of debt. involved in the secured and unsecured market. the secured paper is a valuable asset to have. uncertain about the default regime going forward. >> stock market regain a bit of their footing. really falling in january. there's the risk of more volatility coming up. how will the risks play out in the

my wife was an investment banker at lehman. when lehman was still solvent.here was a time in the 1980's when i took the envelopes to be mailed to the subscribers and left them in the back of a taxi cab. there went the liquidity of the business right there. i daresay we overcame is growing pains. brian: what is an average investor do for a living? james: for average, they buy low and sell high. a professional investor, most likely. we have many who invest of their own account, independently. it is a publication for people with a serious interest in investing. brian: why did you write a book about john adams? james: because i could not stand the financial markets in the late 1990's. that is another good reason not to write a book. i had been smitten by john adams high-mindedness, his selflessness, his inextinguishing th patriotism -- inextinguishable patriotism. i said, i will step away, nights, weekends, and the fourth of july, i'll step away from wall street. i will write about the life of john adams. it was called party of one, alluding to his foremindednes

commercialized and the process started to be developed on an industrial scale today a bar of soap that lehman makes in two weeks can be produced in an industrial soap factory in just a few hours. this said factories in its in the united kingdom and jamie benton is in charge of the plant. was principally been made in the same way for centuries a mixture of oil and alkali we've been making soap here for one hundred fifty years and one of our king gradients is in this big tank that's one hundred tons of caustic soda the alkali to react with the oil. on this site they produce about thirty tonnes of soap per day around a hundred thousand tonnes a year industrialize soapmaking on this grand scale needs chemistry on a grand scale too and the critical factor is controlling the chemical reaction mixing carefully measured quantities in temperature controlled reactors so in this reactor we've got home kernel oil which is already we're adding the coconut oil which is the part of the soap that actually creates the after that we're adding caustic soda. the mixture is constantly monitored as it reacts and a

some people just people of a need a heads up that you have alluded to that is the payment of this up lehman. even. though they don't understand. their. not with. me there will be. so noises of a lot of them there but the olympic. committee. even then does it because you know on. their own but a lot. of the feeling that i. live. by a. list. celebrity. the thing. lead. the world. lead. lead . and you know how your memory is the most you are going to. go you know. with the look and the letter. but it's. almost too much about. libya. you know and they're going to come with a and i don't know sometimes. lead to a leg. length. lens . i wasn't talking for the most base out of the i.b.m. p.c. . comes in because you just said you got here i wasn't there comin to see you i can look where you're going north up us out of the area just up. in some ways you have any kind of what. you want to. see. when noises i mean just up and up it is. still. misty which i went to. i don't know where is it no phone calls to school and jimbo for me to the pool that . it was a no no no. you want to go to sleep. but i tho

to an outlet like in for was so they could expose how the right wing media food chain was instead lehman went to the wall street journal which published her account seemingly without any cooperating evidence or proper fact checking bottom line a prank designed to expose the far right media bubble inadvertently revealed from very shoddy journalistic standards one of the most widely read newspapers in the u.s. ok thanks dark. turning now to had geography the definition of which is a biography that treats its subject with undue reference journalists occasionally serve up obituaries that are reverential the u.s. news media produced a few of them last year first for the former senator and prisoner of war john mccain then for george h.w. bush the country's president from one thousand nine hundred eighty nine to ninety three who died in november bush's obituary suffered from a syndrome that critics call obit omit focusing on attributes and achievements taking up column inches and television airtime while controversial aspects of his record among them alleged war crimes were omitted such obituar

. >> reporter: aaron lehman is not a federal employee.ent shutdown has put him in a real bind. >> this is our soybeans. typically this time of year we'll go in just to check them and make sure they are not spoiling or they are staying in good condition. >> wow. you're not kidding. >> yeah. >> it's a 30-foot bin. when it's full it hold about 10,000 bush els. >> lehman has watched the price of his soybeans drop 20% since last summer when the trump administration got into a fight over trade with china. >> so the price drop-off on soybeans together with the government shutdown is like a double whammy. >> it really is. it got us coming and going. this adds just another layer of uncertainty. >> we rely on our usd a folks. >> reporter: the government shutdown means farmers are sort of flying blind, lacking the supply and demand information that the now closed agriculture department would be providing them and allowing them to plan ahead. in three months, these dusty fields should be filled with crops, but how much to plant no one really sure. th

on september fifteenth two thousand and eight lehman brothers one of the largest u.s. investment banks collapsed elected him on was. a phenomenal speculative surfin must begin to misunderstand the. present so that your couscous a posse of honest to do the mongols or so gives you the prison p.d.p. you don't. continue to look good if a few more on city lead it good particularly the presumption the get on plea. is good you are clearly for they could have done it. because it is good with poppy it is surprise to us that in a while the reason. they don't is all they want to have in the coming over all the time is develop. ok about the russian the sequel is commercial good i took up so i did a fade to distribute the go on this is what is on it would suggest the dealer in amman jordan. after the fall of lehman brothers european banks with close links to american banks risked bankruptcy in turn. governments only just managed to save them in order to avoid the collapse of the whole system. and on and off a separate issue one of the that are keeping obama to god you have to prove

after the fall of lehman brothers european banks with close links to american banks risked bankruptcy in turn. governments only just managed to save them in order to avoid the collapse of the whole system. and on and off a separate issue one a suture that are keeping no bond to god you have to prove the devil rip it is actually take you on to the proof. if proof dog proof was three hundred proof from food new proven food in a prison guards in prison gone to prison on a system hostile if this was just. in spain and in ireland after the advent of the euro and thanks to loans from german french and british private banks developers invested heavily in real estate . in a big don't need to back order to the good media define the interest on your coffee to say or book back to on your longer. then or small be an old labors why not speak you live on our own nuffin to do blair in gabby douglas the shift in new york on the one dot. com you loudly grandma you guardedly bocanegra might have an orderly book. in the bath why are. it in sybil eight let the ski said cadre back their best course salad

last seen in early two thousand and nine and this was remember helena the time immediately after the lehman collapsed this was the high times of the global financial crisis but unlike last time this time the measures that the government in beijing has introduced in order to tackle the economic slowdown are more diverse you know we're not talking about large infrastructure projects but it's the private sector that the government in beijing is expected to boost with more generous credit conditions and this gives a lot of hope that you know the crisis and the slowdown can be dealt with conrad do you stay with us i want to get your take on this now because earlier actually i spoke to dr marcus there he's a senior economist he's a trade specialist as well at the university of st gala and i asked him whether the slowdown in chinese economic growth would have a knock on effect on an export led economy germany's take a company such as volkswagen that i think is up to forty percent of its revenues being directly and indirectly depending from from china even siemens wrong ten percent of this so it's

over the weekend all efforts to keep the world's fourth largest investment bank alive have failed lehman brothers is shutting its doors for good it's also i think a necessary part of the cleanup process laming we knew was weak we expected to go it's not going in the way that people expected it to but it's gong. to. the long run i'm confident that our capital markets are flexible and resilient can deal with these adjustments for a long time it sucked.

to an outlet like in for was so they could expose how the right wing media food chain was instead lehman went to the wall street journal which published her account seemingly without any cooperating evidence or proper fact checking bottom line a prank designed to expose the far right media bubble inadvertently revealed from very shoddy journalistic standards i one of the most widely read newspapers in the us ok thanks dark. turning now to had geography the definition of which is a biography that treats its subject with undue reference journalists occasionally serve up obituaries that are reverential the u.s. news media produced a few of them last year first for the former senator and prisoner of war john mccain then for george h.w. bush the country's president from one thousand nine hundred eighty nine to ninety three who died in november bush's obituary suffered from a syndrome that critics call obit omit focusing on attributes and achievements taking up column inches and television airtime while controversial aspects of his record among them alleged war crimes were omitted such obituar

thought this money out of gold and you get some i think you know it was very very close to him that lehman between your bullshit here none that my ludo got their men on how they were good enough for me though it was mike then by order result and going to drive someone dies i thought he meant clue how to open the door cannot the process again even the minister. in this sense all sort of being in their framework of was no more going to be deep he said even between government or species so i don't regard a duck there may be kind of thought it it's up no more. died to him and i was to agree when we're equal nice and awesome you know what i'm going to see him in a thread or in any other place but the to me of the situation is very bad at the moment and that's an understatement you know people come for food if they can they call feeling good that there's nothing in the shops it's got so bad that millions of people fled the country a lot of them making their way towards the u.s. can can you have any sympathy for american officials saying that we need the situation in venezuela to improve that's w

it's insolvent that is just being right you know held up with sticking below a scotch tape as the lehman brothers twenty nine take an oath of office global meltdown oh what's your take on deutsche bank i think it's funny max that a few days ago the headline crossed that the e.u. and the e.c.b. are in favor of do it your bank merging with commerce bank. as if you're going to take you know like that and all the sudden turn it into you know something real i mean they're both trap. going towards zero whether that puts off the inevitable or not i have no idea reminds me a lot of some of the force mergers of two thousand and eight remember like merrill lynch being bought by bank of america things like that that's what this smells of. be able to be an oregon bar lehmann brothers and yet although that's not going to weddings to try to cover up all the insolvency which they claimed was a liquidity issue it wasn't insolvency these banks are good businesses they just need a huge multi-trillion dollar bailout to tide them over the next week in a dog isn't solvent i've been saying that for years stoc

and just to flag the international community, the lehman group, the u.s., the german the friend. not recognizing him as president. we are moving quick and that is why these type of discussions are critical to have. on the face of such certainty we have two of the top most important minds when it comes to venezuelan policy and we are honored that both of them. most of you know william brown filled, he was a u.s. ambassador to chile, colombia and venezuela. he was a director of law enforcement for the state of department. running it for more than 80 countries. his responsibilities run from drug forests in mexico, crisis management center america to law enforcement in the south see. he is also a senior advisor at csis. noncompensated csis. [laughter] we are honored to have you here. and last but not least fernando, he is a bright policymaker here in washington, he is a senior associate, he previously served as a senior advisor, general mcmaster for south american. he joined the u.s. government as presidential management fellow usa. he worked on president obama's team in the white ho

to an outlet like in for was so they could expose how the right wing media food chain was instead lehman went to the wall street journal which published her account seemingly without any cooperating evidence or proper fact checking bottom line a prank designed to expose the far right media bubble in an.

lastly, you could argue that the bureau started with the lehman brothers, and you could allow a cleansingprocess. and that's the biggest penalty. and then you would start fresh. what do you think of that is the solution? >> to answer the three questions, dodd frank, or frank dodd, because frank wrote it not dodd. there is no powers to the fed, that is why am saying strip the power away from the federal reserve. look what they've done with it. nothing. that is what my book shows you. they're choosing to not do their job and we are paying a lot of taxpayer money for them. second question -- has anything changed since in between years? the fact that david solomon became the ceo goldman sachs and all the american people need to know. i know david very well. he is in the book and plenty of notes and recordings to remind me of david. if i happen to forget him he was one of the managers that, one more from goldman, why he was represented, they would disagree how many lies are in the book but they said there is a least one. so i would say the thought that the fed has the power to stop that from h

the financial system that start to be impacted in brexit that no one thought about, a bit like the lehmans shock let's hope we don't go anywhere near that. >> i could ask you probably a dozen more questions i'll leave it with this. does theresa may leave >> does she leave? not willingly. she is not for quitting. the lady is not for turning said margaret thatcher. she has the same view but she may be forced out. >> jillian tett, thank you for joining us >> thank you. >>> shares of netflix surging this morning after the streaming service announced plans to raise prices julia boorstin is in l.a. with the latest. >> jon, netflix is raising prices between 13 and 18% for the 58 million streaming subscribers in the u.s. and latin america. the price with the biggest plan has the biggest increase while the highest cost plan is increasing by $2 this will impact new subscribers, and existing subscribers. netflix saying we change pricing from time to time as we continue investing in a great entertainment and improving the overall netflix experience for the benefit of our members last year they spent

explain for the lehman why this fantasy of medicare for all will be harmful to the practice of healthcare their healthcare? >>> i'll keep it very simple. let's use the analogy of a supermarket. it business wholesale milk for $3 a gallon and sells it to the consumer for $1. the doctor is the farmer, the consumer is the customer. what happens? customer is happy, doctor is happy but eventually the store goes bankrupt because it's only selling the milk for 30 pirs of what it costs. that's exactly what's going on with medicare. medicare taxes over the lifetime of patients who pay in only cover 30% of the current costs. that's not a conservative talking point that's actually the data from the urban institute a liberal think tank here in washington. everyone is happy but we're not paying for it, we're simply putting it on a credit card. how do you go broke? at first very slowly, in the end very quickly. >> laura: dr. oskoui isn't it the case medicare for all there will be theoretical access to care, whatever we call that, but there will be a two tiered healthcare system, the very wealthy will be

. >> with sin, since the lehman crisis, the intersection of politics and finances interconnected.st decade continuously. i think it's important political leaders go to davos. i think president trump and may and the other leaders aren't attending their spray. they need to be home. more important things than him going to davos. >> access -- >> i think it's always a good thing to be with the business does and it's a great thing to interconnect. they get a better understanding of what the private sector thinks is truly going on. >> they love the movie stars. let's face it. what attracts you about it is what makes me nervous about it. i don't like the intersection of politics and business. i think they are too close now in the financial crisis and i kind of liked it. am i wrong. >> you're absolutely right. these are the cronies people always complain about. the majority of the business is almost 30 million small businesses. they certainly don't get access to all these political leaders, but they account for half of the employment of the country. having a little more separation instead

paul lehman was the head of global security for auto-parts maker.ily says he was in russia on a personal trip. for china and its ambitious space program. they have landed a lunar probe on the far side of the moon. it is the first-ever spacecraft to reach the surface that always faces away from the earth. landing on the unexplored region allows the chinese rover to better study the moon because of the lack of earthly electromagnetic interference. global news 24 hours a day on-air, and tictoc on twitter, powered by more than 2700 journalists and analysts in more than 120 countries. i am mark crumpton. this is bloomberg. david: thanks. brian castillo represented pennsylvania's sixth congressional district for two terms but announced his retirement before last year's midterm election. we welcome him back to bloomberg. >> good to be with you. let's start with the shutdown because that is where we are at the moment. how big a problem is this for congressman? >> if you are a member of congress that has a lot of federal employees in your district like virgi

lehman brothers declares bankruptcy. >> the worst financial crisis in modern times. >> now with the financialsarray all sides have to pick up the pieces. >>ed fall of 2008 the financial system is on the brink of collapse. the stock market plummets. panic spreads and another great depression seems imminent. >> we're in the midst of a serious financial crisis. and the federal government is responding with decisive action. >> congress establishes the troubled asset relief program, or t.a.r.p. in october 2008, authorizing 700 billion dollars in taxpayer money to bail out the countries financial institutions. at the same time congress creates a commission to watch over the program and to study possible regulatory reforms. >> the motion is adopted. >> professor elizabeth warren is tapped for the job. >> i'm at home in cambridge can and the phone rings and this man says. and i said who? and he said harry reid, the leader of the united states senate. >> i want you to come to washington. i want you to do something for me. and the country. >> and try to put some accountability on how this bail out goes

a," the case that brought down vice president spiro agnew in 1973, with prosecuting attorneys ron lehman tim baker. >> we believe we could indict the vice president. we believe he is not immune from prosecution while in office. , among thes lawyers defensive positions they took, was that he couldn't be press peaked -- couldn't be prosecuted. agnew didn't want to go to jail, and he had this get out of jail free card. what was that? this is watergate. richard nixon was a walking dead man, politically speaking. it was only a matter of time. most everybody understood he would be forced out of office. that would make spiro agnew, this vice president who we have under investigation, president. can you imagine how the country would react? president nixon, a crook, leaves office. vice president agnew, a crook, becomes president. announcer: sunday night at 8:00 eastern on c-span's "q&a." ♪ announcer: c-span, where history unfolds daily. in 1979, c-span was created as a public service i america's cable television companies and today, we continue to bring you unfiltered coverage of congress, the wh

this is the classic lehman low chart off of early 2009., folks, as we forget time races on, this is a 10-year chart. one, two, three, and on we go. 10-year chart, christopher verrone, here's all that cash. go to cash, go to cash, go to cash, range bound, and then a rollover as well. where do you find the courage to once again stay on trend? chris: i think we need to see the internal conditions that often present themselves at the beginnings of a durable, new bull market phase. i think the tricky part here is they have yet to present themselves on this eight-day rally off of lows, specifically, i want strength indebted within the tape, right? we can see big headline advances, but we need the individual stocks within the market to exhibit that. tom: i'm going to translate that, and you need the tech crew, the ones that made this recent bull marketed, to climb back on board and find a bit, don't you? chris: not only that, i think we need to see the stocks that were most pronounced on the down side in this bear market stabilize, and then take

it is signed by betty traynor, was a president of the board, and jessica lehman, who is the executive director. dear supervisors, senior and disability action works closely with the board of supervisors on policy issues and city budget decisions. we have a stake in the election of the next board president. we hope you will take a moment to consider our concerns. based on our experience of the past 20 plus years, we believe it is important that the president be someone with experience on the board, someone who has a clear track record, the president should be someone who focuses on the needs of marginalized communities, far more than the needs of corporations, far more than the needs of corporations and developers. and someone with demonstrated commitment and ability to put together complex programs for public benefit. while honoring the different branches of the government, the president must, of course, work with the mayor, in at the same time, maintain political independence, and at the same time, maintain political independence. thank you very much. >> thank you for your comments.

kelly, forgive the lehman's question. if both competing bills in the senate are expected to fail, what is the point? >> well, if politics were political science, consider this some of the experimental face. taking these votes is a way to test the political waters, to see what can and cannot pass. and by doing that, you get lawmaker who are able to narrow the scope of it. so while it seems futile and frustrating and on the surface is, it does have a point of wanting to test where oare members sitting right now. can they support what the president offered? if not, it means they have to come up with something else on the gop side. on the democratic side, it is a different argument. they're trying to push the white house to reopen the government first. to give you a sense of that, here are majority leader mitch mcconnell explaining what he thinks is happening and minority leader democrat chuck schumer. gives you a taste where we are. >> all that needs to happen is for our democratic friends to agree that it's time to put the

after the fall of lehman brothers european banks with close links to american banks risked bankruptcy in turn. governments only just managed to save them in order to avoid the collapse of the whole system. and on and off a separate issue one a suture that are keeping no bond to god you have to prove the devil rip it is actually take you on to the proof. of proof dog bridges three hundred preform food near proven food in a prison guards in prison going to prison on a system if it is was. in spain and in ireland after the advent of the euro and thanks to loans from german french and british private banks developers invested heavily in real estate . and a big don't need to back order to the good meaty danny and the rest by now are costly to say or bought back to on the can on. their nose morgan old labors while. speaker live on our own nuffin to do blair in gabby douglas the shift in new york on one dot. com you loudly grandma you guardedly booklet when i've been ordered a book where bad not bad why are. it in sybil eight let the ski said cadre back they better not go to a salad bar. the

. >> reporter: officer paige lehman is non-native.s cross deputized, as a tribal officer and shawano county sheriff deputy. >> we basically patrol two different areas of the whole shawano county. i think for a long time we actually had a shawano patch on and a stockbridge on the other. >> reporter: even though she serves all of shawano county, she's employed by the tribe. >> we're hoping that it never has to get to the point where you're going to have to furlough people. >> i like working here and i hope that i never have to leave for something likehat, but you never know. orter: a shutdown that leaves tribal nations severely meshorted on the u.s. govent's obligations hatched long ago in >>eaty agreements. we gave up a great deal and a lot was lost. it's not just land. the fact that we're caught up nr thisated, d.c. politics over a border wall when quite honestly the president and congress need to really immediately reopen the government. 're talking about human capital. we're talking about people and the effect that it has on their l

to an outlet like in for was so they could expose how the right wing media food chain was instead lehman went to the wall street journal which published her account seemingly without any cooperating evidence or proper fact checking bottom line a prank designed to expose the far right media bubble inadvertently revealed from very shoddy journalistic standards i one of the most widely read newspapers in the us ok thanks dark. turning now to had geography the definition of which is a biography that treats its subject with undue reference journalists occasionally serve up obituaries that are reverential the u.s. news media produced a few of them last year first for the former senator and prisoner of war john mccain then for george h.w. bush the country's president from one thousand nine hundred eighty nine to ninety three who died in november bush's obituary suffered from a syndrome that critics call obit omit focusing on attributes and achievements taking up column inches and television air time while controversial aspects of his record among them alleged war crimes were omitted such obitua

1934, they had gubernatorial election in new york and smith supported the liberal democrats, herbert lehman over the republican, his protege robert moses. it is more of an fdr thing, i think. i cannot read his mind. that is my speculation. tammany is a well-known for being corrupt. how is it that smith and wagner avoided that and were successful? mr. chiles: great point. essentially, there was a newer generation and they were the leaders of its. they said, we could use power, not simply to plunder the municipal treasury, but to help people. charlie murphy -- he gave them a degree of ideological autonomy and independence. he would getlls wagner to stop if it was not good for a business ally. they avoided a lot of that. -- inwere some whispers businessmanhat a who knew smith was on hard times economically as governor because he had not been corrupt and he had been just with his government salary, was giving him a pension to live comfortably. the person who looked into this is daniel patrick when a hand. he read about it and was alarmed. there has never been evidence there was quid pro quo. he