so cml or chronic myeloid leukemia is driven by one mutation. that one was known actually almost 40 years ago. now the pace at which we can do this with new genomic technologies is months to years in terms of deciphering the ingredients of the cancer and figuring out where in the wiring diagram we want to make a drug against. >> charlie: how did you find that? >> when we started this project back in, it's about 86, there were very few known inhibitors proate kinases, about a handful. for a short period of time the genomic explosion has shown over 500 of these enzymes. and the enzyme involved in cml was a member of this large class. so what we had to do is, it's almost akin to finding a key that fits a lock in a large build is like this. there are many doors with many many keys, so we have to sit through many different chemical classes to find compounds that fitted the lock and then using chemistry, evolve these to be relatively selective of that one target so they don't open the other doors or inhibit the other enzyme which is very important for

brian droorp, nichol lydon and charles sawyersll involved in gleevek all used in the treatmenof leukemia. th we turn to baseball with two legends talking about the essence of the ge, hittg and tching. reggieackson the great hitte andob gibson, a great pitcher. a passion f what they do, next. captioning sponsoredy rose commucations from our studios in neyork city, th is charlie rose. john gurdonnd shinya yamanaka. john pioneered e pctice o cloning through his experiments on frogs. he is now a professor at cambridge. dr. yamanaka made internatnal head lesin 200 when he nverted an adu skin cel into a stem cell without the use of an bryo. he's at the university japan. i' pleased to have both them both here at this table as they receive the lask prize in new york. welcome. wh's interesting about this yourioneer workas 30 years ago. >> yes. >> chaie: then you ha a fullermplication. >> tt's right. >> chaie: what did you do. >> i was involdn the early nuclear transif you are experiments as we called them. >> charlie: the new chest of the cell. >> yes youake theew chest of one ce and implant into

first let's talk about leukemia.ore than one form of it. >> there's acute my lloyd leukemia and most common time that we see in children is the acute limb fo limb foid leukemi. >> how quickly does a child go from feeling just fine and going to the doctor and being diagnosed and getting worse? >> this type of leukemia happens very rapidly. it's typical for parents to notice changes in their child. we commonly hear a story that they have been sick for a couple of weeks or thought they had strep throat, or thought they had a virus. they usually have a different color to them. they go to their pediatrician and the pediatrician are the people who do the bloodwork. by their bloodwork we can tell that they have evidence of leukemia. >> what a devastating diagnosis to think that your child might have strep throat and hear something more severe than that. >> when you have to give parents the diagnosis, what do you tell them as far as the treatment. what happens at that point? >> what we do is work rapidly at the university of

it's for the leukemia lymphoma society. everybody is welcome to come out, form teams, do some fund raiser and you can get in touch with us at our website and they can always call us at 410-891- 1999. >> thank you very much. we appreciate it. we really do. i want everybody to give their first name. they're nice enough to come out thisserly. >> dee, mel knee, christina. jennifer. >> thank you very much. almost knocked the mike stand over. all right, guys. how you doing? the crew is here. joe, the coach, tony. in the house. let me hear those magic words. >> music, if you please. >> well, all right. . >> you should have applied for the job at rain. out at the palms in vegas. welcome, everybody. >>> excellent job. >> they sang it like a raven. >> you sang it like a rafb. yes >> reporter: you did. i want to invite you back monday the 23rd. and thank you guys for helping. >> all right. you have to excuse me. i was rooting too hard yesterday and i kind of lost my voice, but i'm getting ready for the bengals next sunday. go raines.

environmental exposures smoking, obvious, exposure to chemotherapy forreast cancer n cause aatient to get leukemia later. damaging t dna in blood cells. t we don't kw why most measures don'thave these exposures. it uld be just aging. cells as they divide and get older, it ppens in copying the dna a mutation is crted. if it's in the wrg cell that's probably what happens. >> charlie: go aad. >> now charlie's aolutely ght. it's absoluty clear that the number of the people get cancer increa with age. that's absolutely clear. what's becomin even me clear is tha some of the programs that are set very early on, even at bih may prediose is and there being certain genic abnormalities. we know f example the warner to exposessed to breas cancer. some arein their0's and 's. there arother similar sts of change that maypredispose men or women in cancer later in life. again in this genomirevolution we're ing to begin to understand that. if they thin beyond targeted therapies to pvention, we'll actually get an area of targeted preventn wherewe under what somebods individual genetic risks are to develop cancer and

she had leukemia, then her husband needed stem cell research or something.>> now time for our chat. >> yesterday -- >> wait? what about our chat. >> we have to officially start it. because you guys liked it yesterday. >> in case you missed our chat tune, we want you to hear it again. so far we're getting positive response. we want to know for sure. >> we don't have the budget for rehearsal yet. ♪ it's the talk of the day ♪ so much to say ♪ it's hip ♪ it's where it's at ♪ with kathie lee and hoda ♪ grab a wine, grab a soda ♪ and settle in for the chat ♪ yakity yak ♪ i like it. >> now, listen to the other versions. >> listen to the excitement going on in the studio. >> back to the drawing board. >> we want harry connick jr. to record it. he's thinking about it. >> it will be on his next album being produced with david foster. no, no. >> we want angela to come up with a rappy version and r&b. >> and a country twang. >> and country. >> we officially yesterday started our wednesday matinees again. >> yes, we did. >> because there's lots of new stuff coming to bro