the healer's niece even took the virus 250 miles to monrovia, the capital of liberia. y nobody knew itut thetb ouak was completely out of control. for more than a month, the government of sierra leone miss the deaths in its borde villages. doctors without borders says it tried to get the government to pay attention. but sierra leone had turned for advice to an american company called metabiota, who had a long-standing presence in the country researchintropical diseases. metabiota had no experience in controlling ebola outbreaks. >> i said, "this outbreak wi not last more than a few weeks." and that was after we identified the first week. the first two eks, we said, "okay, that's a normal outbreak. we are confident it will be over in two months." >> we were getting advice from metabiota, and complacency set in. what can i say? yes, it was ebola, but the magnitude had not hit us. so we took steps at that time that were advised by metabiota, but we never knew that it was going to be so big. >> narrator: the government decided to treat ebola victims at the state hospital in the town of ken

the outbreak started in guinea liberia and sierra leone and spread to mali, nigeria and senegal and even beyond the continent of cases in italy, spain, united kingdom and i think we all remember the cases in the united states. the the ebola epidemic has been heightened because it's in the conflict zone in the democratic Ãbhappens to have more than 100 active armed groups in the region. north kivu also shares a border with uganda and is a hub for travel and trade but also various other types of movement across the border. new cases are hard to determine because of the violence and political unrest in the affected areas have further restricted the community's access to healthcare. the lack of security in the region is also hindering the ebola response by making it difficult to trace contacts and organize crucial community outreach activities. some health centers have been temporarily closed or damaged. several of the health workers have been killed. i know the people of the drc are frustrated because of the lack of medicine, food, and foreign companies extracting the country's precious min

recently a good example is liberia. in 2018, the peacekeeping mission of liberia closed up shop because after 15 years peacekeepers had successfully fulfill their mission. thousands of peacekeepers from around the world had deployed in liberia to create conditions for peace and create the security conditions and which elections could be held. there was a change in power after the elections and everything was stable and the peacekeepers left. a good example of how international support can be leveraged to help bring peace and help africans themselves bring peace and stability to their own countries and communities. host: the episodes on your podcast are about 30 minutes. why is that a good length of time for the discussions you are trying to have? guest: i could talk about this stuff for hours. i would love to chat for hours and hours but i want to be respectful of my listeners time. most people consume podcasts while either on a commute or or while performing chores. someone was training for a marathon listening to the

was saying, please do that, send the african americans to liberia because we would like to have them. so that is the different range. >> i think it kind of mirrors both what andre and andrew are getting at. one example of this frustration with the war aims not syncinc up with working-class interests, particularly in england. march 26, 1863, 3000 working-class londoners who are uniting, rallying together in a city that has a lot of workers, has a lot of ties to the south because of money tied up in cotton. they are rallying in, essentially the whole function of the meeting is to say, finally, emancipation proclamation, where has crossed -- word has crossed the atlantic. we heard about workers rallying in the north, despite the fact that they are working contrary to the interest. it is undeniable. it is contrary to what is going on. that is something that we can get into. >> maybe we can build on that. a lot of people outside the united states who are really interested, following the newspapers. the things marx and others are writing. one thing scholars have thought about that we know,

yet everywhere women are taking responsibility like these 3 business women from zimbabwe liberia and nigeria. women friends in rwanda is a role model for them. branding journalistic mission a huge step forward in the areas of health care in the areas of education and years of digitising. providing what that says and i think that those are things that my dear can learn from will wonder as well about increasing efficiency increasing attractiveness for business some foreign investment. gandhi also happens to be one of the keenest cities on the african continent. in kinshasa the capital of the wall torn democratic republic of congo things are lagging behind somewhat. but. that doesn't bother bobrick ascending and her friends these supper ers rise above the country's widespread poverty to celebrate high fashion. is a society of entertainers and elegant persons. baldrick is and a is one of the few women. only a few shops in kinshasa stock exclusive european designer labels all counterfeit equivalents from china and. the moment it's difficult being as a person but it's our profession. and t

while most people of african descent recognize this as rooted in racism, the government of liberia was saying please do that and send the african-americans to liberia because we would like to have them here. bit,st to add on a little i think it mirrors about what they are getting at, one great withle of this frustration it not syncing up, particularly 26, 1863, is march you have 3000 working-class londoners who are uniting, rallying together in a city that has a lot of ties to the south because of money tied up in kotten. they are rallying and, essentially, the whole function of the meeting is to say, finally, emancipation proclamation, word has crossed the atlantic. we heard about workers rallying in the north, it's undeniable they side more with free labor identity. they are working contrary to their interest -- what we heard about workers rallying in the north, they are working contrary to their interest. it's undeniable they side more with free labor identity, that's contrary to what's going on the south. it ties into the german states as well. >> maybe we can build on that. a lot

he is a de facto dictator because if his cruise ship flies the flag of panama or of liberia those countriesostly buried little ability to enforce rules on the thousands of ships that fly their flags. so why doesn't this king pop dictator of the cruise ship flogged us and keyhole us. it's not because he's more nightly than a politician on land because we can choose another cruise line. it's because i can type a negative yahoo review. this incentivized the providers of cruise governance to please us because they're competing with other cruise lines. the governance on cruise ships get better and better. we don't need to vote and argue we just need to choose something better in the broader governance emergence. this goes for employees on cruise ships as well. the employees could choose another cruise lines. >> some would say this is relatively utopia. >> utopians will come true all the time i think blue topi and some next. you and i living in the united states right now the things we take for granted, almost entirely from crazy european utopians who saw things like women should be able to vote

of people risking their lives to somaehow creat secret library, tell me, first of all, at did ts liberia look like? how did it survive while there were bombs dropping around it. >> well, it was a basement, harhari, so buried beneath the surface of the ground.n it had beein a building half destroyed, in an area almostoy totally des, that was picked deliberately, because it would look from above as if there was nothing lefto bomb. >> sreenivasan: so, where did the books come from? >> the bos came from abandoned houses, bombed houses and some bombed office buildings. and this group of young people behind it all, most of them former university students, had thought to themselves, "look, instead of just sitting here waiting to die and extremely hungry," as they were under siege, "let's go and rescue books we have heard about that are lying abandoned in buildings and getting ruined by the weather." it's after the y did thatthey realized instead of leaving them in boxes why don't we read them? why we create a library, and that's just what they went and did. >> sreenivasan: so how would people c

children as an organization certainly one of the key things and i think this was borne out in in liberia guinea and sierra leone in 2014 and 15 as well is that communication with communities that was being discussed as well as the conflict which exacerbates mistrust there is a huge level of worry amongst communities that. has been made up by n.g.o.s and outside sources there's a lot of money making exercise that it's not real and it means people don't seek treatment so a large number of people are dying within the home without having sought treatment potentially having infected other people so for us it's a huge concern that the number of cases going up and one of the keys to preventing that from going on is making sure that every affected community is being solidly reached by n.g.o.s by the ministry of health with very simple messaging allows them to understand what's interesting to look out for where to get help in a simple manner that means people do seek out treatment when they need it more much of the affected region remains inaccessible because of conflict or even remoteness is tha

ambassador to liberia. a year after the war ends, the con fed rats are still running their legislatures and pass black codes and within two years those black codes are all repealed as african-americans and white unionists begin to take over southern legislature. a revolution in law that takes place, an obvious example to say it's now okay for african-americans and white americans to get married in the south. this is part of the revolution in law in louisiana. i will pass back and circle back to this in a second that says you cannot pass people on river boats in louisiana, that's a violation of the law in louisiana. blacks begin to hold office. this is a legal as well as a political process because you have to be able to legally vote in order to hold office and able to legally hold office. blacks vote -- the black vote helps elect grant in 1868 and helps re-elect him in 1872. hiram revels enters the senate in 1870. for historians of the constitution whether rebels can be a u.s. senator is an interesting ques

yet everywhere women are taking responsibility like these 3 business women from zimbabwe liberia andnigeria. women friends they are wonder if the role model for them. brand in general has decreased huge steps forward in the areas of health care in the areas of education in the areas of digitising. providing what that says and i think that those are things that my dear can learn from will wonder as well about increasing efficiency increasing attractiveness for business and foreign investment. kigali also happens to be one of the keenest cities on the african continent. in kinshasa the capital of the war torn democratic republic of congo things are lagging behind somewhat. that doesn't bother barbara to send a friend these sub purrs rise above the country's widespread poverty to celebrate high fashion. is the society of entertainers and elegant persons. barbara to send a is one of the few women. only a few shops in kinshasa stuck exclusive european designer labels all counterfeit equivalents from china right now the. world over. it's difficult being as a person but it's our profession.

liberia, columbia, indonesia, brazil. kenya. south africa.he work is challenging, the work is exhilarating. at the end of the day, we are always trying to make sure that people who live within the proximity of nature around them are protecting nature in their own enlightened forms. they have to do it because it makes their lives materially better. it helps create jobs, it makes them healthier. because i'm be doing it. and hostween your work of the pbs series, a writer describing your job once as "skip around the globe and tell people bewitching tales about places in need of protection." would you say that is accurate? guest: part of it is accurate. host: how does that help? guest: you which means that people get transfixed. people need change because of stories. great stories are the ones that are able to determine the course of humanity. years, you250,000 would probably find a small groups of hunter gatherers standing around telling stories about what is over the hill. whether it is president trump over here or sanders on the other end of th

ambassador of liberia.immediately after the war ends as we know, the confederates are still running their legislature, within two years the black codes are repealed as african-americans and white unionist began to take over southern legislatures again, a revolution in law, that takes place, probably the most obvious example is laws which say that it's now okay for african-americans and white americans to get married. in the south. this is part of the revolution in law. in louisiana, laws are passed and we will circle back to the salon a second. it says, you cannot segregate lock people on riverboat in louisiana, that that is a violation of the law in louisiana, and black people began this is a leak this is illegal as well is in the political process because you have to legally vote to hold office and you have to be legally holding office. the black vote helps elect grant in 1868 and helped reelect in 1872. higher rebels enter the senate in 1870, by the way, for historians of the constitution, they can be u.

recently a good example is liberia.cekeeping mission of liberia closed up shop because after 15 years peacekeepers had successfully fulfill their mission. thousands of peacekeepers from inund the world had deployed liberia to create conditions for peace and create the security conditions and which elections could be held. change in power after the elections and everything was stable and the peacekeepers left. a good example of how international support can be leveraged to help bring peace and help africans themselves bring peace and stability to their own countries and communities. host: the episodes on your podcast are about 30 minutes. why is that a good length of time for the discussions you are trying to have? guest: i could talk about this stuff for hours. i would love to chat for hours and hours but i want to be respectful of my listeners time. most people consume podcasts while either on a commute or a performing -- or while performing chores. someone was training for a marathon listening to the show and that bog

over liberia. it worked marvelously in liberia. where market troops were welcome as friends. and as a blessing to have. that solution is not going to work in congo. that solution will not work and a lot of other places in the world. we have to fight our way and, it's a bad way to do an epidemic response. but some stored u sort of globae the forces needed. what we are seeing in congo is new but likely to be the new normal. the combination of infectious disease outbreak and regional conflict fighting over resourc resources, that's more likely to be the scenario in the future than what we saw in west africa in 2014 and we have to have the tools as a planet to deal with that. if we don't solve this thing in congo, it is going to spread it will spread to places much more populous and much more connected to the outside world and we will regret we lack the tools to deal with it. >> let me add something, almost everything is happening in the congo has happened before but not in the context of epidemic disease. it happened with civil wars in sudan, somalia, yemen, it's been going on f

operation united assistance. 300 troops in kentucky airborne over to liberia.it worked in liberia where american troops were welcomed as friends and as a blessing to have that solution is not going to work in congo. okay. that solution is not going to work in other places in the world. we'd have to fight our way in, a bad way to do epidemic response, but some sort of global security force is needed. what we're seeing in congo is n new, but likely to be the new normal. the combination of infectious disease outbreaks and regional conflict, fighting over resources, fighting over control, that's more likely to be the scenario in the future than what we saw in west africa in 2014 and we have to have the tools as a planet to deal with that because if we don't solve this thing in congo, you know, it is going to spread. it's going to spread to some places much more populous and much more connected to the outside world and we're going to lack that we don't have the tools to deal with it as is. >> let me add to that, almost everything happening in the congo has happened

africa was the deadliest in the history it began in 2014 and it lasted 2 years gagne sarah leone and liberia cases were also reported in mali area more than a. 7300 people were killed before west africa was the clarity bowl of free that was in 2016 and health workers were some of those most at risk lay bierria lost 8 percent of its stock there is nurses and midwives the disease was sierra leone and guinea lost 7 and one percent of their medical workers respectively well caroline is the u.k. health advisor of doctors without borders she joins us now in this to give out of the so much for being with us here on al-jazeera so obviously if nothing new in africa we saw the latest outbreak 2014 what lessons did we learn then they can be used now in dealing with the disease in the or c. . well it's a very specific context so it is both similar and dissimilar to the west africa outbreak as well as to the 9 previous outbreaks. in the r.c.c. i'd say that there are 3 overarching lessons learned that without which we will not be able to bring this outbreak to a close the one that we've been talking about

children as an organization certainly one of the key things and i think this was borne out in in liberia guinea and sierra leone in 2014 and 15 as well is that communication with communities that was being discussed as well as the conflict which exacerbates mistrust there is a huge level of worry amongst communities that. has been made up by n.g.o.s and outside sources there's a lot of money making exercise that it's not real and it means people don't seek treatment so a large number of people are dying within the home without having sought treatment potentially having infected other people so for us it's a huge concern that the number of cases going up and one of the keys to preventing that from going on is making sure that every affected community is being solidly reached by n.g.o.s by the ministry of health with very simple messaging allows them to understand what's interesting to look out for where to get help in a simple manner that means people do seek out treatment when they need it more much of the affected region remains inaccessible because of conflict or even remoteness is tha

among them, bangladesh, belgium, finland, ireland, korea, liberia, malaysia, the philippines, singapore, syria and taiwan. some of these declarations, like the republic of vietnam 1945 declaration, quote our declaration word for word, which you can see on your handout. others simply express their debt to our declaration with a bit more subtlety. in june of 1826, two weeks before he died, thomas jefferson wrote a letter to a friend in which he called america's 1776 declaration "an instrument pregnant with the fate of the world." how right he turned out to be. in the past 2.5 centuries, people around the world have used jefferson's declaration, our declaration, as one of the weapons of choice to try to extinguish and obliterate empires. our declarations pointed assertion of sovereignty and statehood is its most important global legacy, and it's significance can hardly be overstated. in our lifetimes, decolonization movements empowered by the original american declaration have continued to sweep the globe. continuing to mark the unmistakable emergence of a world of states from the wreckage

either to liberia or to haiti. and that's a part of the measure that we don't talk about a lot.n of three men established who would investigate the claims of that -- these people were owned that enslaved africans were actually owned by these particular slave holders. there was testimony given by african-americans which was really unusual for this period especially in the south and d.c. was the south during this period. and so black people could testify about that. i missed that, but i'm sure someone will fill me in later. and it declared a felony to reenslave anyone or to transport them outside of the city once the law was passed. and of course the emancipation proclamation issued eight months later stipulated or at least promised the freedom of enslaved african-americans in those areas -- in states and in those areas of states still in rebellion. and so it refers specifically to certain of the southern slave holding states, but the states that were a part of the confederacy. as you know the states that were still in the union -- the slave holding states that were still in the u

biggest clients are women who came to this country from the continent of africa, from ethiopia, from liberiaecond largest employer in the township of urbanton. she is a refugee who fled the civil war in her country, went to sierra leone, went to a refugee camp, came to this country at a second grade education level and was placed in the second grade. sti she was placed in the seventh grade and still graduated at the top of her class. immigrants are more likely to start businesses in this country, less likely to commit crimes in this country and have added to the value of this country. i am a personal beneficiary of the fact of the hard-working immigrants who come from other countries with nothing and had built amazing businesses and then retained my firm and retained other firms in this country and have hired hundreds of people alone with nothing and second grade education levels coming into the seventh grade. one of my clients graduated from harvard magna cum laude from ethiopia. it's about the facts and democrats need to get these facts out there. >> i want to come to everybody, and i have

field to help with an epidemic response. 3000 troops in the first airborne in kentucky kentucky and liberia. it work marvelously in library where american troops were welcome. they were welcomed as friends. a blessing to have. that solution is not going to work in congo. it's not going to work and a lot of the places in the world that you have to literally fight your way in. as a bad way to do it for an academic response. this not some sort of local security forces needed. what we are seeing in congo, is new but likely to be the new normal. the combination of infectious diseases outbreak and regional conflict fighting over resources, fighting over control, that's like more likely to be the scenario in the future. we have to have the tools as a planet to deal with that because if we don't solve this thing in congo, it is going to spread. it's going to spread to some places that are much more populous and much more connected to the outside world and were going to regret the lack the tools the to deal with that right now where it is. let me just add something. almost everything that's happenin

team and they have a clinician, public healthexperts and military medics .they build a hospital in liberia100 beds and also a level iii biological lab in syria. they also provide a catalog of amounts of funding for these countries. not only from medical care but also on other social and food and other related care. the china at the same time, the deal with their own vaccine development. so they have one of the vaccines that are approved by who, evil, one of the first that year so i think in terms of scale, this is one of the largest humanitarian aid that china has been able to put together. in terms of whether they coordinate with other countrie , i don't think, i haven't heard a lot. about their working. but i know they contribute to the who, to the humanitarian fund much of the action are on the phone. >> commissioner beeler. >> a couple of comments but i'd also like to establish some information for ourselves and others. the pharmaceutical production process is heavily automated, it is capital-intensive not labor-intensive, is that not correct -mark. >> from my understanding about the m

liberia, columbia, indonesia, brazil. kenya. south africa. work is challenging, the work is exhilarating. at the end of the day, we are always trying to make sure that people who live within the proximity of nature around them are protecting nature in their own enlightened forms. they have to do it because it makes their lives materially better. it helps create jobs, it makes them healthier. because i'm be doing it. and hostween your work of the pbs series, a writer describing your job once as "skip around the globe and tell people bewitching tales about places in need of protection." would you say that is accurate? guest: part of it is accurate. host: how does that help? guest: you which means that people get transfixed. people need change because of stories. great stories are the ones that are able to determine the course of humanity. years, you250,000 would probably find a small groups of hunter gatherers standing around telling stories about what is over the hill. whether it is president trump over here or sanders on the other end of the

yet everywhere women are taking responsibility like these 3 business women from zimbabwe liberia andnigeria. women friends here wanda is a role model for them. to land in general as they commission huge steps forward in the areas of health care in the areas of education in the areas of digitising in providing what that says and i think that those are things that my dear can learn from the wondrous well of the increasing efficiency increasing attractiveness of business and foreign investment. kigali also happens to be one of the keenest cities on the african continent. in kinshasa the capital of the war torn democratic republic of congo things are lagging behind somewhat. that doesn't bother barbara to send a good friend. rise above the country's widespread poverty to celebrate high fashion. is a society of entertainers and elegant persons. coverage to send a is one of the few women suppers. only a few shops in kinshasa stock exclusive european designer labels all counterfeit equivalents from china and. some of the most difficult being us appears but it's our profession. and that mean

yet everywhere women are taking responsibility like these 3 business women from zimbabwe liberia and nigeria. women friends here wanda is a role model for them. to land in general as they commission huge steps forward in the areas of health care in the areas of education in the areas of digitising in providing what that says and i think that those are things that my dear can learn from the wondrous well of the increasing efficiency increasing attractiveness of business and foreign investment. kigali also happens to be one of the keenest cities on the african continent. in kinshasa the capital of the war torn democratic republic of congo things are lagging behind somewhat. that doesn't bother barbara to send a good friend these. rise above the country's widespread poverty to celebrate high fashion. is a society of entertainers and persons. began to send a is one of the few women suppers. only a few shops in kinshasa stuck exclusive european designer labels all counterfeit equivalents from china and. some of the most difficult thing as a person but it's our profession. and that means b

thank you for joining me on up front i'd be more than a year since you left office as president of liberia. you came into power off the back of a peace deal the follow decades of war and violenc