libyans, especially young libyans, hunger for more than just freedom.cky fried chicken. uncle kentucky fried chicken, okay. >> the colonel, his buddies, the king and the clown, have not quite made it here. given the uncertainty of the situation. so in the meantime, places like this have been popping up. >> uncle kentucky. awesome. you know where kentucky is? >> kentucky is from usa. >> a part. yeah. >> yeah. >> this place is new? >> yeah. is new. before gadhafi -- >> impossible. >> yeah. and now, it's normal. >> oh, that's nice. >> how you found it? >> spicy, delicious. johar, like many libyans his age, fought to overthrow gadhafi. he was there, gun in hand, when they stormed gadhafi's palace compound. happy, excited? good day? >> nice feeling. >> yeah. >> nice feeling. nice feeling that gadhafi -- he killed my cousin. how i should be feeling, exactly i feel good. because i want to kill him. i don't want to see anyone dying more. he has killed for nothing. the first thing i think that killing people is bad. he's leave me do that. because if i don't kill

we do have one of our largest grants from the libyan national telecommunications company, a local libyan company. our spirits with them is that while they offer us cash in a bag essentially, which is any dream country, the capacity to support is limited. the oversight took them nine months ended the grant issued to us. some of the items in the contract are not necessarily following through. they just change the board of directors because of the political isolation law. the people we signed with initially have been replaced. doesn't situation is -- because the situation is not more stable, they're becoming more fluid, we believe there will be a reliance on foreign funding for the more time to come. therefore, a transition plan a couple of years from now is probably more appropriate than trying to develop a local funding mechanism at this point. >> thank you. >> i want to let my friend question. there are two sides to that. as for activities that are run within civil groups of civil society, i have seen it personally. there is an attitude by the private sector, even though it is nascent to

libyans especially young libyans hunger for more than just freedom.er for places like this. uncle kentucky fried chicken. okay. the colonel and his buddies the king and the clown have not quite made it here given the uncertainty of the situation so in the meantime, places like this have been popping up. awesome. do you know where kentucky is? this place is new? >> yeah. new. born in kentucky -- and now it's normal. >> oh, that's nice. >> now you found it how? >> nice and delicious. >> johar like many libyans his age fought to overthrow gadhafi. he was there, gun in hand, when they stormed gadhafi's palace compound. >> happy? excited? good day? >> gives me a nice feeling. nice feeling. gadhafi killed my cousin. how we should be feeling? exactly, i'm feeling good because i wanted to kill him. i don't want see anyone die more. he has killed for nothing. the first time i think that killing people is bad. he's leave me do that because if i don't kill him he's kill me. >> right. nice to see freedom. nice to see the bad guy gone. it's nice. i feel welcome he

i am a libyan american.i want to get the sense from the panel -- first of all, thank you on the uplifting remarks fact that as grim as it may appear, there is a lot of momentum on the ground. when you talk about civil society, how widespread is the activism or the participation of citizens and civil society? there are a number of organizations, maybe about 1500 that are written on the books, but what is your sense of greater citizen participation? a minority of people that are part of these organizations? a lot of libyans involved in this? talk a little bit about that. sort ofld like to add an adjunct to that question. in terms of advocacy, reaching people, getting people's participation, what is the role of social media in libya? fairly limited internet penetration there, but how is it being used and how could it be used more effectively to engage more people in civic participation? >> as far as citizen participation, i think benghazi and tripoli are very different. you would have different results. but i t

libyan society consists of arabs berbers and taboo so the constitution should represent all segments and if any group is ignored then this means exclusion. the berbers who make up ten percent of the population are threatening to take up arms against the government there is a real danger that libya may break up you have a severe problem in libya with regard to the darker skinned nationals of the south of the country. except that it's all those who are lighter skinned in the north and the deteriorating economic situation isn't helping commercial banks are closing their doors imposed test against the current armed robberies in a desperate attempt to keep a grip on things the new government is reportedly using methods that were popular during the duffys time libya's transitional government has quietly we anticipated to be surveillance technology it inherited from the depths of the sea it uses it to protect the mobile phones and online communication of gadhafi loyalists the two machines it seems on the back to front after all except that oil production is down with libya unable to promise

the last two years is a total disruption of libyan society in the area of the economy it has been the most pronounced we've seen the production of all cut in half of the cost of us strikes in the day and the thing going on there is no plan for the national restoration of libya many of the key political players involved in an attempt to run libya right now divided over tribal regional as well as political levels and until the general national council of government there reigns in the militias and tries to bring about some type of national reconciliation process the economic decline and consequently the social instability will intensify now that opinion there is not shared by everyone early on my colleague here. to a deputy from libya's parliament who told us that much is aren't as bad as they see . i cannot ignore the dream have some some complications some mistakes have been done during the arts or that inclusion unit a war but now we have improving dramatically we have a security committee but being guys we have a suspicion a specialized committee in the gene sea where it is dealing

i am a libyan american. i want to get the sense from the panel -- first of all, thank you for the uplifting remarks on the fact that as grim as it may appear, there is a lot of momentum on the ground. when you talk about civil society, how widespread is the activism or the participation of citizens and civil society? there are a number of organizations, maybe about 1500 that are written on the books, but what is your sense of greater citizen participation? is it a minority of people that are part of these organizations? a lot of libyans involved in this? talk a little bit about that. >> i would like to add sort of an adjunct to that question. in terms of advocacy, reaching people, getting people's participation, what is the role of social media in libya? fairly limited internet penetration there, but how is it being used and how could it be used more effectively to engage more people in civic participation? >> as far as citizen participation, i think benghazi and tripoli are very different. you would have di

officials and some libyans were blaming one group.ar al sharia, an islamist group based in benghazi. >> those are al qaeda allied and they really dislike the west. >> the night of the attack u.s. officials claimed that ansar al sharia took credit. but the organization itself quickly denied involvement. since september 11, there has been only one suspect publicly detained in connection to the attack. in october, a man from tunisia was picked up in turkey and questioned by the fbi. he was released in january after authorities determined there was a lack of evidence. in may, the fbi released photos of three more men wanted for questioning. we took those pictures onto the street. did you see this at all? >> here in benghazi? >> reporter: yeah. >> no. >> reporter: they didn't put it on tv or the walls or anything? >> i haven't seen this. >> reporter: rami was an intelligence official with the libyan national transitional council. and now independently tracks extremist groups. >> the fbi unfortunately released photos of very minor people wh

officials and some libyans were blaming one group.nsar al sharia, an islamist group based in benghazi. >> those are al qaeda allied and they really dislike the west. >> the night of the attack u.s. officials claimed that ansar al sharia took credit. but the organization itself quickly denied involvement. since september 11, there has been only one suspect publicly detained in connection to the attack. in october, a man from tunisia was picked up in turkey and questioned by the fbi. he was released in january after authorities determined there was a lack of evidence. in may, the fbi released photos of three more men wanted for questioning. we took those pictures onto the street. did you see this at all? >> here in benghazi? >> reporter: yeah. >> no. >> reporter: they didn't put it on tv or the walls or anything? >> i haven't seen this. >> reporter: rami was an intelligence official with the libyan national transitional council. and now independently tracks extremist groups. >> the fbi unfortunately released photos of very minor people

many of them, libyan americans. the purpose is to exchange knowledge on and build an awareness of developments in libya. the reason why we identify this as an important lead is because libya with its small population and should become an important success story, not only in north africa, but among arab spring transitional countries in general. the consequences of a failure in libya are essential. a failed state that could spread instability far beyond its borders. it is a country that will have a major impact on u.s. policy interest in the middle east. we think should be viewed as such, both in washington and beyond. we witnessed power from the national transitional console. since then, growing political chaos, a deteriorating security situation, and the crisis of confidence in government institutions, has really combined to deal a serious blow to the democratic transition. most recently, the country was rocked on july 29 by the murder of a human rights advocate. the 61st victim of a political assassination in libya

the last two years is a total disruption of libyan society in the area of the economy it has been the most pronounced we've seen the production of all cut in half of the cost of the strikes in the body of the thing going on there is no plan for the national restoration of libya many of the key political players involved in an attempt to run libya right now divided over tribal regional as well as political levels and until the general national council of government there are reigns in the militias and tries to bring about some type of national reconciliation process the economic decline and consequently the social instability will intensify record flood levels and russia's fi east forcing more people to leave everything they have behind and as the authorities try to find ways of helping the devastated regions the vibe the upcoming winter mall rains a full costs. talk to those who decided to stand their ground no matter what it. is a village under threat on the banks of the red river residents wait nervously. record breaking water levels in the region a still rising forcing more and mor

this guy is the leader of the libyan militia faction. if we knew it then and if fox could talk to him last fall, reuters could talk to him, cnn can and we have him charged, something is really wrong with us. >> something is really wrong. think about it. ansar al shari claimed responsibility after the terrorist attack. he, himself, has admitted to being at the consulate but claiming that he only came to help libyans that were in distress. that explanation doesn't make any sense. he has given so many interviews at this point. according to him, the libyan authorities nor the fbi have interviewed him. it just doesn't add up with our background in criminal justice, greta. this isn't a situation where he already has been tipped off he has been charged. yet, we still haven't picked him up. >> senator, we have so much video from the consulate. the cia does. there is video of who was there. i realize it was nighttime. there is so much information we have about what happened that night i believe with the video. if they looked at the video and if t

according to him, the libyan authorities nor the fbi have interviewed him. it just doesn't add up with our background in criminal justice, greta. this isn't a situation where he already has been tipped off he has been charged. yet, we still haven't picked him up. >> senator, we have so much video from the consulate. the cia does. the state department. they were watching him. there is video of who was there. i realize it was nighttime. there is so much information we have about what happened that night i believe with the video. if they looked at the video and if they have charged this guy and they haven't picked that up, something is desperately wrong. i'm going to take the last word on that. thank you, senator. >> thanks, greta. >>> coming up, you and your children may have health insurance now but that could all change. will obama care force your employer to drop coverage for you family. you are going to hear from i a business owner who says it might. >>> is the miami heat lebron james in legal trouble? the nba star spending the day in court. that story com

the libyan border.turton -- certain turn towards unrest. french defense lawyer had pretty powerful clients. >> the butcher of leon, a famous cklaus by the name of barbie. he always went for the underdog or the bad guy. everyone has a right to defend himself. he says he defends the terrorist, not the terror act. he is a pretty strong anti- colonialist. page inthe front -- hea where the news died in the bedroom of old hair -- voltaire. went out with a certain degree of notoriety. for eight years. another aspect of his life and career that is a mystery. it is thought you might have spent that time in cambodia. , what i bea look prepared to defend him? even george w. bush. from june of 2011. [speaking french] >> a colorful character trying to pass off one animal as another? >> that is not a lien. -- lion. hold on a minute. the zoo has since shot down. maybe not, and. >> more news coming up very shortly. of course, the latest from egypt. curfew inwith a 08/16/13 08/16/13 [captioning made possible by democrac

the new libyan security chief came in and said you guys have to go. so the u.s.eam which was training libyans was forced out and back to a villa where they hunkered down. a lot of issues happening there. a lot of people are frustrated in the region as to why the u.s. has had this information for a long time, a number of instances, and these guys are walking free and nothing has been done. some people insist that something will have to be done before the upcoming september 11th anniversary because there's just too much pressure on the administration to do something. >> adam, thank you. >>> last time we saw san diego's mayor, an admitted serial hugger, he said there was no way he would quit ever. not going to happen. now, several weeks and several more accusers later, well, it seems it's all about to change. in just minutes we could learn the price that mayor bob filner will pay or maybe the city council and taxpayers after 18 women accused him of harassment. getting theight nutrition during your busy day can be a challenge. take control of your nutrition with each

so with the libyan revolution the idea of non-violence had to be laid to rest for the sake of libyans the war rages for months. in late august 2011 the rebels, with the help of nato forces, gain the upper hand and advance on tripoli, libya's capital. >> tripoli just fell. within three days they had control of the entire city, which no one had expected. and gadhafi and his whole family fled. there was a lot of excitement in the country because it seemed like it was over. >> but it isn't over. not while gadhafi and his sons remain in hiding. until october 20th, 2011. that day tracy shelton is with a group of militia fighters she's been profiling for months. >> that morning some of the guys from the battalion had gone into surt, and i'd gone in with them. >> around 8:30 a.m. a heavily armored convoy of about 70 vehicles is seen leaving surt, gadhafi's hometown and his last remaining stronghold. >> there were snipers all over the city that were set up to protect the convoy. everybody knew there was somebody important in this group. >> nato forces bombed the caravan from the air. dozens ar

to be the libyan people policy r t tel aviv.in brief tonight the killing three palestinians by israeli border police in the west bank has sparked protests that ended in skirmishes with security forces it's after the deadly shootings routes saw israel troops israeli troops turn up at a refugee camp the rest of terror suspect but they were then attacked with rocks and live rounds palace to be witnesses deny firing at the soldiers the innocent led palestinian negotiators to temporarily halt the peace talks with israel in washington. in india a rally in support of detaining the nationalists leaders and supporters turned violent after hundreds of protesters clashed with police security forces result of the water cannon and tear gas to disperse the demonstration the protesters were defying a government ban on a pilgrim march a disputed holy site that's been the cause of deadly clashes with muslims. huge wildfire in california the national parks continuing to spread ten days after it started it's forcing people in small mountain commun

many of them, libyan americans.pose is to exchange knowledge on and build an awareness in libya. the reason why we identify this as an important lead is because libya was a small population and should become an important success story, not only in north africa, but among arab spring transitional countries n general. the consequences of a earlier in libya are essential. a failed state that could spread instability far beyond its waters. it is a country that will have a major impact on u.s. policy interest in the middle east. we think should be viewed as such, both in and beyond. e witnessed power from the national transitional console. since then, growing political chaos, a deteriorating security situation, and the crisis of confidence in government institutions, has really combined to deal a serious blow to the democratic transition. most recently, the country was rocked by the murder of a human rights advocate. the 61st victim of a political assassination in libya since he end of the civil war. he says this average

but there was a mandate to protect libyan citizens. only the security council can legitimize international military action by one state against another. in the case of syria, russia is using its veto power to block military action against the assad regime, a longtime ally. britain had called for military action, along with the u.s. and france. they say intervention would be legitimate under the responsibility to protect the u.n. norms, which require action to stop human rights violations. a similar argument was used by nato during the co-civil war -- kosovo war in 1999. nato forces stopped the expulsion of ethnic albanians by serb forces. hundreds of thousands of albanian refugees could return home. the mission remains controversial, at his was never -- as it was never mandated by the security council. >> we spoke to a professor of international law in berlin, and former member of u.n.'s international law commission durin. we asked whether the responsibility to human rights would make the strike illegal. >> i don't think so. a famous r

by virtue of some kind of being libyan citizens for the last 40 years.is advocating very limited activity in that regard. >> i would like to talk about the two issues. first of all, the activities that we are engaged in. or the relationship, like the issue in the most dire issue between benghazi and tripoli, in those two cities it has shown that the two people of the two cities are very much in line of trying to work out and wish the government and it is a process using all available means for them. i have seen this and benghazi and i'm sure that benghazi is still at the hub of the revolution for many of the problems. it seems that our citizens, for example, it seemed like it liberated all over the country. many people from the south and east came to benghazi. also giving support for the family. just to say that the absence of the rule of law, but it is that way at time. >> there are 13 to a million pieces in libya, which means almost every libyan. so there is something there that create some kind of stability. because they are there to attack her home b

government or pay off the libyan government to eliminate this person if we are absolutely sure thisperson was engaged in a terrorist act. why not? if we know this person was engaged with assassinating -- >> assassinations be made illegal by federal law quite a while ago. [crosstalk] >> sending a drone is legal but sending a guy with a high- powered rifle is illegal. it is that type of nonsense we have got to get over we're going to confront the radical islamic threat that will murder thousands of our people, even hundreds of thousands of our people if they get a chance. we are facing that type of threat. you can send a drone but you cannot send a sniper. >> are you concerned about the precedent that the most powerful in regard to using drone strikes to kill people in other countries? >> i will have to say that i think we should use every technology we can to target those terrorists who are murdering innocent, unarmed people in order to terrorize the populations. the rest of the world understands this. if they do not, they are our enemies. just like we did with every type of brutal a

>> we are hearing from libyan sources on the ground that there's tremendous amount of activity tonight in derna. it is a hot bed of islamic activity. there's a lot of action there. it is not clear whether there's attempt tonight to make arrests, but we're hearing there's a lot of gunfire and movement going on in derna tonight. >> that's a hot bed for islamic activity and possible hideout. jennifer griffin live at the pentagon. thank you. more on this with the panel. >>> the u.s. is pushing back against al qaeda as american exodus from middle east and north africa continues tonight. the air force airlifted those from yemen. ed henry has the latest. >> reporter: as president obama headed west to talk up housing reform and appear on the tonight show with jay leno, things intensified. a drone killed four al qaeda militants, as the u.s. and british embassies evacuated staff, drawing furious reaction from the yemen government. the ministry of foreign affairs put out a statement declaring while the government of yemen appreciates foreign governments' concern for the safety of their citizens,

ca ta la has been described as the founder of a libyan extremist group.gs are have said they believe he was at the u.s. consulate during the attack. u.s. authorities have identified about half a dozen other people also suspected of being involved in that attack. >>> at the same time the terror alert about a possible al qaeda attack has been ratcheted up another notch with the ordered that nonessential u.s. personnel be evacuated from yemen. the u.s. military flew out about 100 embassy staffers. meantime a u.s. military drone strike today killed four suspected terrorists in yemen. bay area's steve handelsman is live in washington, d.c. with the latest for us. good evening. >> jenelle, thanks. here in washington today, officials down at the state department tried to make clear it's not a new threat that's prompted what they try to characterize as just a reduction in staff. the evacation of most personnel from yemen came this morning before dejuan. 50 to 100 flown to germany reportedly on this military transport because of the al qaeda threat. >> we felt thi

before we get so obvious martin let's get to the anti world update now we'll open it up with a libyan court which is now sentenced to khadafi iraq's minister to death. but he was found guilty of inciting violence kidnapping and murder during the two thousand and eleven uprising it was called gathering supporters in the town of sort of to fight against the insurgency just days ago another regime officials also sentenced to death the son is due in court this month. and backers of the ousted egyptian president mohamed morsi say they now expect a massacre after defying the government's ban on cairo's sit ins police have been ordered to put an end to the protests the military backed with dorothy's calling them a threat to national security or the country remains on the brink of chaos clashes over the weekend killed seventy. and vote counting is underway after zimbabwe's presidential and parliamentary polls yesterday and the results should seal the fate of eighty nine year old president robert mugabe after three years in power he's declared he will step down if he's not reelected however we

this is the outcome of the united kingdom it wanted rhetoric in the millicent of the meet up to the libyan intervention also led by the same players it's remarkable there you go they could simply try and override the experience of libya because as a recent report said the. supermarket for the entirety of the of the middle east and if they were to go into syria that would be true to the power of attorney on august first e.u. countries can reassess their positions on syria and those who wish to arm the rebels may do so but as that day drew closer hesitation grew louder with david cameron acknowledging that there are quote unquote a lot of bad guys amongst the rebels and recent reports from syria show all kind of affiliated groups wanting to establish an islamic caliphate and dissolution rebels and defecting back to the government side before the the war in afghanistan and before the attack on iraq there was no al qaida in iraq there was no al qaida in yemen there was no al-qaeda in somalia there was no al qaida in syria but there is now an idea that's not lost on the british prime minister t

libya this is a little the opposition would like a libyan style coalition with nato in order to force the regime out of power in damascus so they clearly benefit from any reports of a chemical attack in syria. when international tensions are running high as the pentagon moves naval forces clue. to syria despite a bomb being cautious over an intervention so what are these preparations for attack usually mean well tell us what you think on our web site r.t. dot com that's what you were asking on our online poll a moment and so far the majority almost half of those who responded so far say that washington wants to divert americans from domestic problems around thirty percent think that the pentagon is ready to strike no matter what obama says about being cautious while thirteen percent say that the u.s. wants political leverage over chemical arms and the u.n. investigation and the minority at the moment eleven percent think that the pentagon is readying for an attack just in case will log on to r.t. dot com to cast your vote we could hear from the. right to see. her straight. and i think

airstrikes and bombing campaign over syria all of libya is a little the opposition would like a libyan style coalition with nato in order to force the regime out of power in damascus so they clearly benefit from any reports of a chemical attack in syria. and we've been following the latest escalate. dot com you can find the latest updates and analysis as well. live from moscow it's all this week the british newspaper which spilled the beans on the n.s.a. and was in turn forced to destroy materials provided by edward snowden actually came clean on why it gave in to government pressure the guardian editor said that london threatened legal action to stop the paper from reporting the sensitive leaks all together so they agreed to destroy the original data which had nevertheless already been copied. as details. you've had your fun now it's time to return the documents so the unnamed government official to the newspaper editor it could be the stuff of movies only it isn't we were faced effectively with an ultimatum from the british government that if we didn't hand back the material or destr

this libyan militia leader, your team found him and interviewed him for the special.t do you make of the fact that there are now criminal charges under seal filed against him? >> it seems there's absolutely no coincidence about that. as we reported, there were dozens of armed militants who stormed that embassy. at this point no one has been brought to justice. jake, there's been one person detained for questioning and that person was released. now we have this news today about ahmad abu khattalah, that's his name, who is now being charged, under seal. our arwa damon was in benghazi in may and able to speak with him. he has been public. he has been willing to speak to journalists. he told her yes he was there that night. he said he was directing traffic but he was talking about some of the weapons that were there and the fbi had not spoken to him and now there are these charges. i think the real question, jake, is are they going to really and truly bring people to justice. i had a chance to speak to the family members and up see the personal side of this and the pain a

pre nine eleven levels of chatter were intercepted last year on america's diplomatic mission in the libyan city of benghazi left four dead including the ambassador. at least eighty people have been killed when monsoon rains caused flash floods in afghanistan and across the border and pakistan was particularly badly affected with at least fourteen dead with over a hundred homes washed away forecasters warned of more rain that may be on the way over the coming days in two thousand and ten torrential rain led to widespread flooding in pakistan and over seven thousand eight hundred deaths. mali's the first presidential elections since islamists almost to topple the government last year have failed to produce a clear winner france sent in troops to push the militants back but peace remains a fragile prospect in the war torn country whichever candidate comes out the winner will have their hands full dealing with post conflict reconstruction poverty and simmering ethnic divisions are an ocean of reports from mali. here and then over the country the walls and billboards tell the story of the confl

he was criquick to praise the libyans. >> libyan security personnel fought back with the americans. > the narratives that talking point would soon again change and the third and most important question we deserve and answer to, does the president's decision serve to prove that we are returning to a pre9/11 mindset here in america? >> is this an act of terror or a criminal matter? >> i assume that terror is a criminal charge. >> no, it is not. it is an act of war. >> does he not get tried in a military ptribunal? >> i don't know enough about the law. listen, it takes a while to make the case. >> 11 months later. this is no contrived. as you mentioned, they can't bring him to g iflt itmo. they have no in teptension of g after this guy. they are sitting down with this guy and he's bigging to be interviewed. the administration is coming up on the year anniversary of benghazi. >> it is phony. there was a report that they were working on bolstering this. if everybody knew where he is. why did we go in and scoop him and inter gate him? >> or do that instead of get the in tell. when is the tr

federal prosecutors have filed criminal charges against a libyan militia leader believed to be linkede september 11th attacks in benghazi. his name is ahmed abu atala. the department of justice is keeping the charges against abu atala under seal but what we know is since that night he's been living openly in benghazi. he told cbs news last fall that he was on the scene during the attack. but denied a role in the fatal assault. it is not clear whether the u.s. has asked libyan authorities to arrest him or whether the fbi has yet identified the other suspects seen in these photos taken off the security cameras at the diplomatic mission. thought to be members of answer al shar ya the militia led by abu atala. the u.s. government does not classify him, nor the group, as terrorists. sayingth investigation is ongoing. it's a top priority. the fbi has not made any arrests during the 11 months since the attack and the administration is under pressure to take action. last week a small but vocal group of eight republican congressmen sent a message to the new fbi director james comey, pressing h

amongst the libyan security forces. relaxed at times, though, getting a bit aggravated with our questions. especially when we were pressing him on specific details about what happened the night of the attack. he most certainly does not deny being there, but he says that he arrived on scene after one of the libyan commanders who was close by called him up and asked him for assistance. because apparently this commander's men were somehow caught up in that attack. he says when he initially arrived there, he saw men carrying propelled grenades and various weapons. but because of the intensity of the fire fight, he wasn't able to enter the compound. >> he may be watching us right now on cnn international. you got to know him a little bit. if he hears -- if he's hearing right now that he is now criminally charged by the u.s. justice department with the killings in benghazi of the u.s. ambassador and three other americans, what is your sense? how's he likely to respond to that? because for all purposes there is no real libyan

emperors wasman empire libyan.when you travel through those places that are memorialized by mike colleague who was a great photographer, you see -- you get a sense of a very thriving libya back then, but also a libya very much connected to the world across the mediterranean. that was severed by muammar gaddafi. host: 4 10,000 years the location attracted colonizers as a population of each wave of newcomers is slowly forge the libyan identity. today evidence of other cultures and history, a greek theaters and italian cafes is stamped on this predominantly-arab country. how has it retained arab identity? guest: there is a problem with the last part of your question, because when muammar gaddafi became the leader of libya in 1969, he said about erasing history or rather reconfiguring it to suit his own means. among the things he did was preached to libyans that the west kept libya under its boot heel. part of this was true, but essentially what he was trying to do is sever connections to the world across the mediterra