and as we learned earlier today, the lieber code protects scientific instruments, books, etc.. after the american revolution, americans contribute -- complained about the way the pow's. treated american after the war, americans, particularly southerners, complained about the way a british treated americans captured during the war of 1812. andersonville, as at any of these camps, you could be certain there was a reasonably high death toll because of disease, because of the not very well understood ways in which you have sanitation in a prisoner of war camp, because prisoners of war came wounded. but there were certain things that happened in andersonville that do not happen anywhere else. one of them was the water supply. andersonville is built downstream from a confederate military camp. the confederate military camp uses the river that runs through the andersonville risen as a sort of open latrine. so the creek that is going through andersonville increasingly becomes an open sewer. the water is polluted. and by the end of the war, the only marginally freshwater in the stream i

the unions lieber code of 1863, for example, argued that although retaliation was the sternest feature of war, the law of war can no more wholly dispense with retaliation than can be law of the nation. was considered a legitimate justification for military action in two ways. first, it was considered a just response to barbarous outrages on the part of the enemy. outrages, these constituted not only destruction of property but also savaged attacks on southern white women. i had also seen delicate ladies who had been wondered and rendered desolate by the acts of our most atrocious enemies, and while they did not call for it, expressions ofd their features while narrating their misfortunes, there was a new appeal to every manly sentiment of my bosom for manly retribution. as a war measure, retaliation, which was seen as something slightly different from just pure revenge, was seen as a thoughtful and considered act of attractive retribution. this is where things really get wild. soldiers could engage in retaliation if they believe the fromould prevent the enemy executing barbarous outrag

the unions lieber code of 1863, for example, argued that although retaliation was the sternest feature of war, the law of war can no more wholly dispense with retaliation than can be law of the nation. was considered a legitimate justification for military action in two ways. first, it was considered a just response to barbarous outrages on the part of the enemy. outrages, these constituted not only destruction of property but also savaged attacks on southern white women. i had also seen delicate ladies who had been wondered and rendered desolate by the acts of our most atrocious enemies, and while they did not call for it, expressions ofd their features while narrating their misfortunes, there was a new appeal to every manly sentiment of my bosom for manly retribution. as a war measure, retaliation, which was seen as something slightly different from just pure revenge, was seen as a thoughtful and considered act of attractive retribution. this is where things really get wild. soldiers could engage in retaliation if they believe the fromould prevent the enemy executing barbarous outrag

lieber, thank you very much for joining us, sir. >> my pleasure. let's all go off-the-record for a minute. how weak, at least they could step up and vote. i'm talking about our friends in europe and that midnight vote at the u.n. by its human rights counsel. it was a vote on a heavily unone sided resolution condemning israel in actions against hamas. it said zero about hamas doing anything wrong whatsoever like using civilians as human shields. only one nation voted against it, we did. the united states and good for us. the united states stepped up and voted against condemning israel. we don't forget our friends what is disturbing is the weak and cowardly members not voting instead abstaining sticking their hands in the sand. nine european countries did that. france, ireland, great britain, germany. these countries didn't have the vote to vote and courage to vote no to condemning israel. they hide. says a lot about our country, don't you think? that's my off-the-record comment tonight. developing now, more than 100 border patrol agents are headed t

. >>> we confirmed died in nigeria after contracting the virus in lieber ya.aveled to nigeria infected with the virus. >> i don't want to cause panic. people need to be concerned and pay attention to it. >> the ebola virus is one of the most deadly and highly contagious diseases in the wor world. it is incurable. no vaccine against it exists. this year alone it infected ne nearly 11 hadn't drilled people across several african countries and kill almost 700. >> closer to home, signs of trouble in getting funding for philadelphia schools. state house republicans are reportedly scrapping plans to meet next week. city leaders were hoping they would act on legislation authorizing a cigarette sales tax in philadelphia. to give schools enough money to open in september. majority leaders said in a statement today that house members failed to reach a consensus so they won't take up the matter until reconvene in mid september. city officials have said they will send layoff notices to teachers unless that tax is app pressed by august 15th. >> the man accused of punching

david lieber, the privacy policy counsel for google here. bruce schneider author, fellow at the birkman center at harvard and here at oti. among his many books and always, including one you can find xwrout side, he's doing some of the original reporting based on the snowden documents, about the nsa's impact on security while working with "the guardian. qum and amy stepanavich. we're going to break up just the conversation to talk about four sets the things that the nsa has been up to. along the lines of our upcoming paper, and along the lines of the handout that those in the room might have picked up in the front. first we're going to talk about the undermining of crypt ostandards, second the insertion of back doors into products and services. third the nsa stockpiling of vulnerabilities in software, and fourth the range of offensive tactics that the nsa is using. after spending about an hour on those issues, we'll spend a few minutes batting cleanup, tall about in pop recommendations we missed, and then we'll turn it over for you guys for q

to my immediate left, david lieber, private policy counsel for google where he works on privacy and data security issues. i hear occasionally those come up at google. previously, he was an associate at e-commerce and privacy practice and worked as a legislative aide to dick durbin on the senate judiciary committee. and finally to my right, katie mcauliffe who is federal affairs manager at americans for tax reform and executive director of the digital liberty radiologist. she researches not only digital privacy, but an impressively geeky portfolio. she previously was a staffer for congressman stearns and a radio professional both in the u.s. and abroad. her commentary has appeared in a dizzying array of national publications. she holds a master's in mass communication and telecom policy from the university of florida. so please welcome our panel. and i -- [applause] i want to begin, i guess i want to begin with greg because i know really few people who are more well schooled in the intricacies, so before be we discuss current challenges, it's sort of important to have as clear an understa