abraham lincoln. because for so long he's been the one who has gotten the credit for emancipation, basically. and so we'll spend some time digging into lincoln's views on race and slavery towards the end of the class. and then finally, we'll look at why not in public opinion, because after all, lincoln and the congress, they were both responsible to the elektra in the united states. and so public opinion really mattered in terms of what they could do when and how. so that's what we've got to look forward to today for purposes of the exam. we've got our usual identification terms, so i encourage you to be on the lookout for these. during the course of the lecture. think about if you get the question on the exam, how you would identify these terms and then briefly explain their significance. so the first one is kind of a three in one. it's frank baker, shepard, mallory and james townsend and those three. we'll talk about them in a bit more detail. but just to give you a preview, they're three and slave

lincoln just smil. thinwe can areciat lincoln said, "this is the greatest compliment i have ever received that somebody wants to publish my book." host: this is just one story that is in your book, "author in chief." tell me about the concept of the book. craig: it is the untold story of presidents and their books. and one thing i think that is really fun and surprising is there is a history that is as long as american history itself. there are campaign books. where somebody is running for the white house and the user book to help them. then there are legacy books, which after the white house, somebody writes about, you know, what did i do in the white hoe? what did my enemies say? that kinof thing. and just as an example of how old this history is, the first campaign book, that comes from thomas jefferson. the first legacy book, that from john adams. i had to start by making a list because nobody had written about this for how many books are there. therwere book that really made a difference. host: so

voters would write lincoln letters about it.ople would k lincoln, what do you think about this issu he would say, why don't you just look at my book. this book was essential to circulating hiideas and to really legitimizing him as a candidate. when the first reviews came out, they would say tngs like, "here is book from stephen douglas and abram lincoln." they couldn't get his name rit. but that book, people started to learn his name correctly and people started to learn his -- played a huge role in lifting him to the white house. he ended up visiting lincoln after he won the presidency and when he walked into the room, he said, it's good to see you. and follett said, you should be, after all i am the person who helped make you president. lincoln just smiled. i think we can appreciate. lincoln said, "this is the greatest compliment i have ever received that somebody wants to publish my book." host: this is just one story that is in your book, "author in chief." tell me about the concept of the book. craig: it is the untold sry o

this is also what lincoln says in peoria and and in the lincoln-douglas debates.e is is certainly prefer only morally opposed to enslavement. but he is his response to to douglas's invocation of popular sovereignty is also that this is in fact a national issue that should be decided by by the people by by by one nation. not not by local majorities. you referred now and in your remarks before the national majorities. and i wanted to delve into that a bit, because it's true that madison and lincoln were both focused on the the importance and the sovereignty of national majorities under our constitution. but it wasn't national majorities for their own sake so much in either case. right. madison, when he's urging the creation. of a new constitution that empowers national majorities, so much of it is for the of protecting individual liberty in the states to make sure that the states are the factions aren't oppressing individuals in the states. and the same with lincoln of choruses for his first inaugural he's calling for national democracy. one of the key examples he u

is there lincoln and the american founding. so as we get ready to go to our seat, i saw a horror set of questions. so let's go to horace. will. horace cooper. i'm chairman of project 21. i think i was ten years old when my grandmother gave me a copy of the narrative of a slave by frederick douglass and it has always impact it me influencing me all the way to adulthood. i'm not going to preach my question. it's just today, what do you see are the values of frederick douglass that could apply to some of the issues that we face? yeah. what are the values given the time i'm in this one, i'll try to keep to one and it's it's the one that i focused on, quoted it, but then moved on from. but for me in teaching, not just the narrative for my students, i teach excerpts from the narrative. and then we read a lot of his speeches and editorials because that's when his mind really unfolds. but what's key in that passage, which is also in my bondage of my freedom, is that douglass, if he wants to teach not just black people, but any person,

they hate mary lincoln.and it's one of those things where i can always tell if the exhibit team, the design museum was diverse or not, because if it's not, that's the kind of narrative you get when. and of course, the exhibit's field is overwhelmingly male and which is part of the challenge. right. but so you have these kind of headless women who gossiping about mary, and that was the original interpretation. and one of the ways in which we've actually that is to really start to center the women in their own stories. so instead of talking about all the ways that these women hated mary, really talking about what were these women doing at the time using their social and political capital at a time where they couldn't vote to try and change the conversation and to try and push the narrative or push the needle. and so we've that's area in which we've really focused on updating the interpreter option and making it more modern. so when little girls on school trips come to visit us, they can see that even in, you k

and president lincoln.lincoln in seizing the golden to do justice to the downtrodden africans as proved himself be indeed the man for men and states. well the prove his act and will join in the urn in earnest prayer. godspeed the day when the proclamation shall have its full accomplishment in the actual enjoyment of freedom by all the dusky bondsman of self. now, during the war, the globe also utilized the common 19th century perspective of reprinting entire transcripts from speeches of well-established political figures of all stripes and shades. of course, the tuesday, february 10th, 1863 edition included them reprinting the transcript of the actual proprietor of newspapers himself, george brown, when he was speaking to the toronto anti-slavery society or the anti-slavery society of canada in which he stated that mr. chairman mr. chairman, i must apologize, but obtain the meeting to so unreasonable a length. but i thought it was a duty we to ourselves and to our neighbor across. the line to our friends in

lincoln, of course, was a pragmatist. he was concerned about the border states and he just wanted to s this right to. see what would happen. he also still hoped, though, he knew it wasn't true, but he hoped that this would be a war. of course, he had people like frederick douglass hammering at him even in these earlier months saying, you know, this is a war about slavery. and he was like, yeah, i know, but you know, there are the concerns that have i want to maintain the survival of the country at this time. so lincoln, though, he recognized the slavery was at the heart of the civil war, and this constitutional debate states rights. he decided to tread carefully and remain and remain silent for the immediate moment. however, butler knew this would transform the war. and he wrote about this even some of his letters. he also had hoped that it would continue to just be men coming to the fore. but he was mistake taken because the next day there were three people who arrived from york county. and then the following there were

if you decide to get yourself in abraham lincoln signature, this is one of the most common abraham lincoln signatures that exist. it's an endorsement so most of the time cut off of the there are letters away. it was very popular, i didn't do it by the way. [laughter] people that long time ago there is this, lincoln probably felt more than any other time that this man is the oath of december 818 in these charts. in this case he decides 1864. for those of you who want to see it later, i will put in the comments you can see it. it is signed by a lincoln and johnson and how many times men were in the m same room togethe. this is but what it tells us is it refers to this man take the oath, december, 1863 and he is charged. what is the law lincoln is talking about and how effectively? the december of 63, lincoln any colonel marilyn turley on the weapon. johnson when he comes into office is wondering to what extent lincoln program is policy amnesty, visited the covers almost everyone must take the oath and those excluded under amnesty they have to apply it. the short version is it did apply compl

good, lincoln obviously. lincoln's definition of democracy was that the government ensures that everyone has a fair chance in the race of. and i think that says it all and the reason why he was so anti slavery was because people who were enslaved did not have a fair chance. they could not elevate themselves. and so if you get rid of slavery, you strengthen democracy and strengthen the nation. and so i think he had the best definition of democracy that i've heard. bill bryant, that's a tough one because those are the democracies a moving target. and i agree it that lincoln had this understanding of democracy. but, of course, in lincoln's black people couldn't and women couldn't vote. and that would be utterly unacceptable by the middle or the end of the 20th century. so. hmm, i don't if i have an answer to that, the single best one i sort of that a simplistic answer would be the president we've got right now and not saying just because he's joe biden but because our understanding what democracy should be has c

the lincoln way quick build will install 20 new cross walks 12 painted safety zones [indiscernible] as well as visibility upgrades to signal and timing adjustment. mta is on track to complete construction of the hyde street quick build project and deliver the lake merced project. mta held a open house on december 5 at city college and the team is reviewing public feedback. folks can learn more at wwwsfmta.com[indiscernible] regarding the lincoln way at kezar rolling out the [indiscernible] 6 intersections improvements with flashing beacons, traffic pedestrian and bike safety improvements and traffic management improvements as well. earlier the fall mta activated the first new signal at lincoln and kezar on high injury network and improvements accessible and signals and median upgrade. turning to sales tax revenue updates we collected in the first quarter of the fiscal year, $27.3 million. this is slightly lower then the first quarter of 2023 about 4 percent lower and 3 percent below our annual budgeted revenues, however we are seeing hopefully pick up in shopping and downtown activitie

you traveled from jordan where king of della lincoln to put pressure on israel to stop the bloodshed in the palestinian territory. thousands have been killed during israel is offensive to destroy hamas, which carried out the was to her attacking as well as history on october 7th. cus is taught diplomats on a mad scramble to prevent the spread of b as well. how much will this time end to me blinking isn't georgians? capital man, as his middle east mission becomes ever more urgent. georgians. king of the 2nd judging the us secretary of state to do all he can to push israel for a cease fire and warning blinking of what he calls the catastrophic repercussions of war and gaza. lincoln's visits to a world food program facility, highlighting the west ending humanitarian situation in the gaza strip or for these displaced palestinians. on the receiving end of this conflicting gauze, a help come to come soon enough, some accounting on antony blinking himself to end the wolf. not among many blend since we had the engineer blinking the gold. the blinking looks, the dog was an eye of massey in he

so somehow that got me thinking my father and about other fathers about lincoln and lincoln as a writer and you know, when you have life of your own and you're a scholar or a writer you're looking for subjects whether you're thinking with consciously or not or often, what can you do that that that can bring a contribution that will be distinctive. so i wrote a biography called lincoln. the biography, a writer. and a lot of people liked it so a lot of people like that that's nice they like that for me. maybe i can do another one. well, who else is a writer who is not a writer by profession? like like dickens and twain and so on and like out there and a great and glorious country. they're fascinated presidents, you know so of course and writing about lincoln i became very conscious of john quincy adams and and had to do of course with lincoln as the great emancipator and as adams someone who went through a long, a long life, born into the revolution and almost living through the civil war. and after you all this. so, so i became enthralled with adams's diaries. so among some of the great

and you a secretary of state entities, lincoln is on route to cut off the holding tulips with king of the other of jordan . he's on a week long diplomatic to a aimed at containing the conflicts in gaza and boosting humanitarian. the i made visible and welcome. in bangladesh, votes of being counted in a general election, beset by low turnout and sporadic incidents of violence. i'm it is to shake and seen his body is expected to win a full time in a row after a nationwide boat boy called her by the main opposition. hundreds of thousands of police and members of the armed forces were deployed in the lead up to the ballad, several opposing both schools and a buddhist mounted street was at a place. at least 4 people were killed in a passenger train. fire that the government called us and here are some of the reasons this selection has stood such a political on rest, bryan and associated casino golf for vote in the election in which many fund let issues already know what that is. that is going to be the ruling of on me. the pieces on was no effective rifles in more seats as the main opposit

you know, abraham lincoln, of course, if you negotiated it, you probably wouldn't know who abraham lincoln was. >> so here we are, charlie. you have donald trump. there's actually this beautiful parallel, a beautiful parallel with the anti anti-trumpists who are rising again, like the phoenix from the ashes. they're rising again. there's actually a parallel here where donald trump is now blaming abraham lincoln for the civil war. by the way, this is the same guy that said he wanted to terminate the constitution. he wanted to assassinate generals who were insufficiently disloyal to him. he wanted to ban news networks that were insufficiently loyal to him. we could go down the list. mike pence deserved hanging. how many things could we do? here we have donald trump blaming abraham lincoln for slavery, yet you're exactly right. these people will say, "oh, you know, you should talk about nikki haley for two weeks." >> on a loop. >> someone probably going to finish a distant third in iowa, and talk about it on a loop. but donald trump blames abraham lincoln for the civil war. if you and i talk

back in october, we'll have a 1000000 palestinians order to leave northern garza, well lincoln was in israel. an explosion along one of the so called safe routes, killed 70 people a few days later on october 17th is really a tax on the i'll actually baptist hospital killed $471.00 people during yet another blinking visit in november. israel talking to you and run school in the jabante, a refugee camp, at least 15 people were killed, thousands more were injured. at the end of the brief 6 fire descend, the israel resumed its attacks. its forces increased the strikes in the southern gaza strip of the day off the secretary of state and to the blinking, urged israel to do more to protect civilians. and now during clinton's latest visit . but some of our gossip bureau chief comes out of who has been killed find his randy, strike in southern guns, a trip to it, i think is what he's trying to send. some sort of message he had to think of this can't be just coincidence, kind of it certainly doesn't come across as a correspondence. and it's very clear that the number of gentlemen, skilled in th

what lincoln has been doing on this trip will do on this trip. and on previous trips and other visits from the secretary of defense and didn't succeed in the pos, from bill buttons. and others is really this a fundamental belief. but washington still has this region. revolt of foreign policy around washington not simply is not true any longer. it may have been true 20 years ago. it may have been true 5 to years ago. may even have been for 15 years ago. but over the last few years we've seen a real reckoning of that. a bold, independent farm policy emerge from individual countries. collectively is a region, there is a, a strong drive to look outwards. and the us is policies, particularly as minute train security policies have been found. one thing that in the fact that the us having served these countries with them, it with the national security interest in protecting them, particularly for you to the last few years. and the precarious situation of relationships between our both countries, iran and all the spaces and primarily the u. s. has not be

so abraham lincoln, right? sorry douglass and garrison and lincoln against slavery.at is necessary is not an overthrowing of the declaration's ideas overthrow of the constitution what is necessary is at last living up to them. or, as lincoln says at gettysburg a rededication to to the principles freedom as spelled out in the declaration. and now rapid fire. six notes enduring lessons that i think will that would enable to better grasp uphold the principles the declaration and improve an america that's dedicated to them. i will just assert them here. one lesson comes from we can learn from facilities democracies. achievements are bound up with a common heritage that shapes citizens and unites the people. we mustn't forget that in upholding the principles of the declaration. a second lesson comes from that democracy encourages vices that undercut the people's rule. a third lesson from aristotle to enjoy the benefits and contain the flaws of democracy. democracy must be combined with other just if partial and complete claims to rule point that was made in a different wa

and abraham lincoln why lincoln has become a hero to the oppressed people all over the world becauseor freedom and equality and because he led the country through one of its greatest crises. he believed that government of the people by the people and for the people should not perish from the earth. well bill, washington and jefferson and lincoln are dead. they began our democracy, but they knew the job would have to be finished by those who lived after them. and they knew that this democracy would last only as long as its citizens were willing to keep working on it. it's our government bill. from here on it's up to us.

hardy serves an assistant professor of history and the lincoln scholar at lincoln memorial university, where he's also the executive director of the abraham lincoln center for leadership and public policy outside of that, you should know that dr. hardy cares deeply for his family. he's an avid of the mountains. he's a founding member of the knoxville holsteins vintage club, and he has strong predilection for chocolate milk, donuts and olive garden in no particular. you should also know he's a dogged researcher, the type that understood the power of place and the importance individual stories to the art, to larger events and. in that vein, his forthcoming title is on the knoxville's million dollar fire, which will be an interesting publication, one that i've encouraged him to read title as one hot night in knoxville. but enough about the our topic at hand is a perfect the origins of baseball knoxville. please join me in welcoming my colleague and good friend dr. william hardy. well, good afternoon, everybody. it's a pleasure to. be back at the east tennessee history center where i spen

is vocal support of thomas has raised concerns in the west. lincoln. well then travel to israel, the occupied westbank and 5 arab nations, including egypt and saudi arabia. let's go to assemble with the w corresponding duty. a honda is standing by for us, you will have what can we expect from these thoughts as well? i think for anthony blink, and these are quite tens and tough talks here and is simple today. he just finished a 2 hour meeting with his turkish counter pod hawk on feet on. and he's now speaking with president bridget for the tire of ad on the war and gaza, the humanitarian crisis. they are, of course helping the agenda. why did i say 10 storks? because taki is an important but very difficult nato l. i for the us and both governments have very different positions on the israel, a mazda war with the us being a store supporter of israel. while the attackers president has turned into one of the most vocal and harsh critics, all v is were in the military campaign in guys all the destruction it has. course he has accused. is there any prime min

abraham lincoln, of course, if he negotiated, you probably wouldn't even know who abraham lincoln washe would have been president, but he would have been president, he would have been -- he wouldn't have been the abraham lincoln. would have been different. >> reporter: historians say that's not an accurate depiction of what lincoln faced. and today, biden was blunt. >> after the civil war, the defeated confederates couldn't accept the verdict of the war, they had lost. so, they say, they embraced what's known as the lost cause, a self-serving lie that the civil war was not about slavery, but about states rights. so, let me be clear. for those who don't seem to k know -- slavery was the cause of the civil war. there is no negotiation about that. >> reporter: i pressed trump's rival ron desantis on trump's claim the civil war could have been negotiated. even desantis asking, what is trump talking about? >> i don't even know how to judge -- i don't even know what he's talking about. i mean, lincoln did what he had to do, he ended up ushering in the abolition of slavery, and he saved the

anthony lincoln's latest tour comes as few as rise that israel's or ongoing is the could ignite a wider regional conflict. a big part of the conversations will be happening over the coming days. with all of our, all as partners is looking at the steps that they can say using the influence advise that they have to do just that to make sure that this conflict doesn't spread. despite the huge death told in gaza, the us has continued to be israel's biggest factor providing build is of dollars worth of military aiden weapons and vetoing a un resolution for an immediate cease fire. critics. a washington has not changed the intensity of israel's attacks. this administration has put forward no red lines, no ultimatums, there's been no conditional aid, none of that. so i do think that this k arctic situation in the region which can always get further out of control, has a lot to do with the policies of the binding, the administration negotiations to secure the release of as rarely cap. this is unblinking agenda also on the list he says are finding ways to deliver more food fuel and medicine. and

people were liberated by the army and abraham lincoln in his last speech he gives at the white house, he praises his black warriors and says the service was so noble he decided he wants to give certain black men the right to vote. now, they got the right to vote in the 15th amendment which is april, 1870. in 1860, white men could only vote inside i of five of the six new england states, not in connecticut. and in the state of new york, if you satisfied a 250-dollar property requirement, so getting the ballot was a big deal, even in the north. so, lincoln is giving his speech at the white house and he decided to allow certain black people to vote. his 200,000 black warriors and he says, again, intelligent negroes. i always wondered if i had been inin that group chat. like who is listening to the speech? john wilkes booth. john wilkes booth reportedly turned to somebody sitting nextm to them and said that's it i'm going to run him through. >> he had some other choice words supposedly. >> so if you are thinking wow, the sacrifice persuaded abraham lincoln, he never had a difficulty with

well, i think the secretary of state lincoln's visit to talk. he's seen as much about diplomatic messaging as substance. you have to realize that since the onset of these will, between israel and hamas blinking had largely side line tacky. but instead focusing on the gulf states. and in part that was due to tuckers president bridget type of the one's very strong support of how much describing it as a liberation movement. but the fact the blinking has now chosen to start his tour of the regents with a visit to tuck. he is seen a sending a message possibly to israel about what's the washington's growing discomfiture over israel's handling of this war. the us remains opposed to a cease fire, something that is middle eastern partners, except for israel, of course, is this should be a priority. how much of an obstacle do you think this will be in blankets talks over the coming days? well, i think this is to be a major problem facing, blinked, and he's going to be facing growing calls from, from his talk. so it's uh, this ongoing goal by israel has to