i have that wrote in there about los alamos and then i crossed it out. i'm glad you brought it up. so i guess two quick thoughts after hearing the talk. one is i want to throw-in a word for general groves. one of the things i did is read a book by general groves. i think it's groves himself not norris -- it was really good. and it was hundreds and hundreds of pages detailing the effort to -- you know the whole manhattan project. and as usual when i get a book, i scan through and look for oppenheimer and say where is my grandfather? and i think it was mentioned once or twice. and you really got -- you got a scope of how big a project it was. it was enormous. >> are you saying that groves didn't think that oppenheimer was the indispensable man? >> i submit that you to yes. so i want to put -- and also my dad, he is not liberal with things to say. he has really nice things to say about groves. his eyes and his smile and he has really warm words about general groves which i was impressed with. that's one of the things. but keeping this debate going, how about science as the independenc

. >> 70 years ago on july 16, 1945, the first atomic bomb was tested near los alamos, new mexico. here's a portion of the library of congress and los alamos national laboratory coproduction, the moment in time, the manhattan project which documents the moment of the explosion. >> the scene inside the shelter was dramatic beyond words. it can safely be said that almost everyone was praying. oppenheimer scarcely breathed. >> at 45 seconds the automatic timer was started. the test was out of man's control. a physicist who was usually the coolheaded one changed his mind. >> he said, i am excited. >> 5, 4, 3, 2, 1. >> in the dead silence of the morning at 5:29:45, the coronado de muerto was based in a flash that most men had only seen from the stars. >> the atom bomb did not fit into any preconception thought by anybody. >> the light from the blast was one place where theoretical calculation had been way off. in the instrument bunker, they were caught offguard. >> i realized the ball of fire was moving up. i grabbed the controls of the camera and turned the camera up and so you see it

no such place as los alamos. the big concession was family members were allowed to come, and that was a really big conception because there was concern the more people, you more you have to manage them. for most of those people it was what they called the scientist's hollywood, but what the scientist didn't know their own bodyguards were actual actually there to watch their every move. we have more private information on scienceties in the manhattan project than anyone keir want to know. we know where they would get their hair cut prior to about being brought to manhattan project, and how many bagels they ate and whether they were jewish and a ten den city by commitly subverysive. so there was this promise of there's something wonderfully american about your participation in this odd community. i think that one of the things that i would really like for rathers to take airplane from the book is to realize that our story as americans is so much more complex than really just some of the standard teartives -- narrat

there's no such place as los alamos.ig concession was family members were allowed to come and that was really big concession because there was the concern the more people, the more you have to manage them. so for most of those people it was the scientist's hollywood but what a lot of the scientists didn't know is even their own bodyguards were actually there to watch their moves. we have more private information on scientists in the manhattan project than anyone could ever want to know. we know where they would get their hair cut prior to being brought to manhattan project how many bagels they ate and whether that it indicated whether they were jewish and potentially more of a political tendency to be subversive. so the are were structures of those kind of con finement and surveillance with this promise of there's something really wonderfully american about your participation in this odd community. i think that one of the things that i would really like for readers to take away from the book is to realize that our story

david was a communist and was a communist at the time that he was at los alamos. i had lost my communist leanings. as you may know, the soviet union was the first place that was very sympathetically by new york jews. anti-semitism played a major role in the immigration of jews to america from russia. when the revolution occurred in the soviet union jews were very sympathetic to the revolution because it was felt that the revolution was going to ban anti-semitism. so anti-semitism was a motivation that caused many new york jews to be sympathetic to the soviet union. this is a historic background that was very jewish in his culture behavior. in the development of the politics of the new york community, every once in awhile something would happen that would cause people who believed in the communism. the soviet union did a lot of pretty horrible things. stalin murdered many more people even than hitler did. he eventually became anti-se mettic. few jews e remained communists by 1940s except for what you might call the true believers. a true believer really believes an

the 404 broke into computer systems nationwide, including an unclassified government computer at los alamos national laboratory, a nuclear weapons facility in new mexico. this was followed by the fictional film "war games" released in the summer of 1983 that popularized the high school hacker who broke into the north american air defense command computer system by telephone to run a nuclear war similar, believing it to be a computer game and nearly started world iii. the defense department first became concerned about possible soviet hacking into its systems after the milwaukee hacker group breached the los alamos computer system and also breached arpanet trying to breach intelligence information as well as breaking into the gone and cia computers. by the end of 1983, he became very clear that personal computers introduced opportunities for unprecedented widespread hacker abuse. in september, the new york times reported "the number of young people roaming without all the authorization in some of the most sophisticated computer systems runs into the possible thousands according to computer e

. >> 70 years ago, the first atomic bomb was tested near los alamos, new mexico. a few weeks later, nuclear bombs were dropped on hiroshima and not a sake. here is part of a 1965 army film describing nuclear capability. >> and american desert. this is an early test before our country, with 100 other nations decided to cease atmosphere testing of nuclear weapons. our nuclear power is such that the combined destructive power of every bomb blown up by man is like a firecracker against the sun. this is the awesome power. the power we have today is more than that of any adversary or combination of adversaries. the fact we have it is the greatest determined for nuclear war -- deterrent for nuclear war. helping us are radio installations, part of an early warning system. the nerve center of our defense system is an underground headquarters of strategic air command. no surprise ballistic missile attack would catch us unprepared. in underground silos enough retaliatory power would ensure the destruction of any aggressor nation. this is the terrible power that stands ever r

i've alaudluded to the fact that los alamos played a huge role in the detection arena. those people have invented many of the safeguard technologies that will be employed here. >> so it sonds to me like iran could break the rules of this agreement but cannot break the rules of physics. the international community has the know-how and expertise to determine whether iran is abiding by this deal and the nonproliferation treaty but into perpetuity under the nonproliferation treaty. would you agree with this assessment and would the panel agree if necessary the u.s. and p5+1 would have the ability to snap back sanctions and deal with the violations as appropriate in order to prevent them from acquiring a nuclear weapon? >> yes. again, we'll have much greater transparency from day one to forever than we would have without the agreement. that's a fact. and then the sanctions i'll venture the answer is yes. >> thank you. and then just finally secretary kerry, one of the keys. implementation. how are we going to do implementation. i ask in the broadest possible way, how is it go

i've alaudluded to the fact that los alamos played a huge role in the detection arena. those people have invented many of the safeguard technologies that will be employed here. >> so it sonds to me like iran could break the rules of this agreement but cannot break the rules of physics. the international community has the know-how and expertise to determine whether iran is abiding by this deal and the nonproliferation treaty but into perpetuity under the nonproliferation treaty. would you agree with this assessment and would the panel agree if necessary the u.s. and p5+1 would have the ability to snap back sanctions and deal with the violations as appropriate in order to prevent them from acquiring a nuclear weapon? >> yes. again, we'll have much greater transparency from day one to forever than we would have without the agreement. that's a fact. and then the sanctions i'll venture the answer is yes. >> thank you. and then just finally secretary kerry, one of the keys. implementation. how are we going to do implementation. i ask in the broadest possible way, how is it go

every inspector since like 1980, has been trained at los alamos national laboratory. they have a very strong reputation, which, quite frankly, they need to guard to make sure they have a process with integrity. it is their responsibility -- there is nothing unusual here, there is no side agreement. this is the way it works. the iaea negotiates with the country. what we achieved in negotiations is to get iran to the table with them because without satisfying the requirements by october 15 to satisfy the agency, they there will not be any agreement going forward. that is clear. after years of stiffing them -- to use a technical term -- then what we have done is forced them to the table. they went to tehran -- not just the director general but the senior people who do safe guards. they came back and feel that they have a process with integrity. in this environment, i can only say -- and i will say flat out i have personally not seen those documents that gentleman referred to, i had something of an oral briefing -- with that, we have assembled a national lab team to think

third was the los alamos site in new mexico.ns for the kidnap that was it was another one of these cities that materialized out of nowhere. topaz was utah's fifth largest city. los alamos for second or third in new mexico. it's a gigantic wartime effort mostly for cities that have subsequently disappeared or become something else. i was interested in the range of people that live in this confined spaces because they might imagine naturally given the racial anxiety at the time that perhaps the structure for african-americans and japanese americans. what about well-to-do celebrated scientist coming from universities and laboratories across the u.s. and the world. the first community in my study was also in southern oregon because i started to realize the more i look at the communities i was examining the more the expertise and model for communities had come from the indian bureau. no one was reinventing the wheel. the government had persisting concerns in their base in something that might be fairly real. often trying to respond t

. >> 70 years ago the first atomic bomb was tested near los alamos new mexico. few weeks later nuclear bombs were dropped on hiroshima and nagasaki, japan. here is part of a 1965 u.s. army film describing the nuclear capability in the 1960's. >> an american desert. this was an early test before our country along with other nations agreed to cease testing of nuclear weapons. for today or nuclear power is such that in the words of our president, the combined destructive power of every battle fought by man is like a firecracker against the sun. [explosion] ♪ [explosion] [wind howling] >> this is the awesome power and the power we have today is greater than any adversary or combination of adversaries. the fact that we have it is the greatest deterrent to nuclear war. helping to protect us against nuclear attack are radar installations, networks of sensitive nerve ends. a nerve center of our defense alert system is this underground headquarters of the strategic air command. no surprise ballistic attack will catch us unprepared. in underground silos and enough power w

schedule of upcoming programs. 70 years ago on july 16, 1945, the first atomic bomb was tested in los alamos new mexico. a few weeks later nuclear bombs were dropped on hiroshima and not a part of a military film describing our nuclear capability in the 1950's. >> this is an early test before our country along with 100 other nations agreed to cease testing of nuclear weapons. for today our nuclear power is such that in the words of our president, the combined destructive power of every battle ever fought by man is like a crop -- like a firecracker against the sun. this is the awesome power. and the power we have today is more than that of any adversary or combination of adversaries. the fact we have them is the greatest deterrence to nuclear war. helping to protect us against a nuclear attack our radar installations, part of a ballistic early warning system. this underground headquarters of a strategic air command. no supplies ballistic missile attack could catch us unprepared. in underground silos, enough of retaliatory power with superb -- would survive to assure the destruction of any agg

at los alamos has played a major role in the detection arena. so the answer is, yes. in fact, those of the people who have invented many of these esco technologies. -- these safeguard technologies. mr. udall: so it sounds to me like iran could break the rules of this agreement, but they cannot break the rules of physics. and the international community has the know-how and expertise to determine whether or not iran is abiding by this deal and the nonproliferation treaty not only during this phase to agreement but into perpetuity under the nonproliferation treaty and the additional protocol to the ntp. would you agree with this assessment and with the panel agreed that if necessary the u.s. and the p5+1 would then have the ability to snap back sanctions and deal with the iranian violations as appropriate in order to prevent them from acquiring a nuclear weapon? secretary moniz: well, yes. again, we will have much greater transparency from day one to forever than we would have without the agreement. that is a fact. and then the sanctions, i think the answer -- i will ve

our god, los alamos, oak ridge the pacific northwest, savannah river, all played important roles. these nuclear experts were essential to evaluating and developing technical proposals and support of the u.s. delegation. as a result of their work, i'm confident that the technical underpinnings of this deal are solid and the department of energy stands ready to assist in the implementation. the deal leaves the president objectives -- president's objectives. the jcpoa would extend for at least 10 years, the time that it would take iran to produce just material for a nuclear explosive. the deal addresses the uranium enrichment, plutonium, and covert pathways to a nuclear weapon. the parameters, as the making member mentioned, are maintained and in fact strengthened, not weakened, but strengthened in the final agreement. this means restricting the number, type, and location of centrifuges, dialing back the r6d program -- r&d program reducing iran's stockpile, and prohibiting introduction of any material. excess infrastructure is also removed. all these reasons taken together establish

government detonated the device on july 16th, 1945 near los alamos, new mexico. an enormous mushroom cloud rose some 38,000 feet into the sky raining ash and radioactive debris. the next month, the u.s. military dropped two atomic bombs on japan, helping to end world war two. >> ifill: still to come on the newshour: following the money on the campaign trail for 2016 i.m.f. chief christine lagarde on debt relief for greece, president obama's plan to change america's prisons, how children's emotional skills of children influence success later in life, economic tactics to hedge against the risks of climate change and a bloody tale of power, corruption and the fight against mexican drug cartels. >> woodruff: in the presidential campaign world, this is a red letter day. or maybe we should say green money day. yesterday was the deadline for presidential campaigns to declare how much they've raised. so far when you talk about money raised for the presidential campaigns themselves, hillary clinton is out front-- by a lot. she is followed by fellow democratic candidate be

our scientists at new mexico's two national labs los alamos and sandia and scientists at lawrence livermore and he oak ridge national laboratories all have played a key role in these negotiations. mr. president, the physics of nuclear weapons is complex. you can't make a bomb out of thin air. i met with our scientists, i've listened to the experts at the department of energy. iran may be able to break the rules of the deal, but it can't break the rules of physics. nuclear materials give off telltale signatures. the radioactive decay of uranium and plutonium is detectable even in the event of delayed access. uranium in nature has a half-life of 4.5 billion years. enriched uranium 235 which can be used in a weapon has a half-life of 700 million years. in fact, you can delay but you still can't hide. verification will be strong. that means continuous monitoring. it means tamperproof -- electronic seals and it means dedicated facilities to inspect the iran nuclear program. it includes up to 250 inspectors with long-term visas. we have the best inspectors in the world in iran. they have unlimite

it is an extreme a confident organization, i might add, partly because at a place like los alamos national laboratory we have courses that all of the iaea inspectors take, for example. that has been going on for decades. we have obviously, there are many, many nationalities involved in the iaea safeguards activities. a number of them are american. typically coming from our laboratories. they will not be part of the inspection teams because of our lack of diplomatic relations but they are a very conpetent organization. but we have done is give them the tools they need to apply this talents. and i might say, to expand their scope relative to other things as well. for example, the issue of having verification opportunities literally for the uranium supply chain is something they have sought -- they would love to have. they have sought it in other occasions, unsuccessfully. this will be the first time they will have the capability. this is a period in which they will have the ability to deploy advanced technologies, enrichment monitoring technologies i might add, developed in our national labo

secretary kerry and secretary moniz our oak ridge los alamos and livermore have been given technical support throughout these negotiations. are they confident these verification measures will be enhanced measures and additional program will enable the iaea to sneak out in time for the international community to react? >> first of all at let me said the national labs scientist in the places you mention were her road. they were on constant call for literally hours turnaround in negotiating sessions. i have a looted to the fact that your laboratory los alamos played a major role in the detection arena so the answer is yes. in fact those are the people who have invented many of the safeguards that are going to be employed here. >> so it sounds to me like iran could break the rules of this agreement but they cannot break the rules of physics and the international community has the know-how and the expertise to determine whether or not iran is abiding by this deal and the nonproliferation treaty not only during this phased agreement but into perpetuity under the nonproliferation treaty and

los restaurantes, nos relajamos en ese lugar. jesse: seguimos recorriendo san antonio, conocida tambiÉn como la ciudad del Álamo, sus calles, paseosecuentemente el mercado para saludar a sus fans. >> querÍa hacer algo de arte para representar la comunidad latina en san antonio. jesse: ¿quÉ me dicen me dicen de beto mÁrquez que lleva más de 20 aÑos como...? hizo una pulsera con el nombre de univisiÓn. >> yo lo hago a mano frente a usted, la gente de mÉxico me pide el trabajo. jesse: una mezcla de culturas y tradiciones, esto es, san antonio texas. ¿quÉ les pareciÓ?, no cabe duda que la mezcla de cultura ha hecho que san antonio sea uno de los destinos principales del turismo, ya que llegan anualmente mÁs de 7 millones de turistas. ¿cuÁndo nos visitan? los esperamos. johnny: yo tengo la oportunidad de ir a san antonio, tiene razÓn, n maravillosos, uno puede ir por el rÍo. alejandro: ademÁs es la sÉptima ciudad mÁs grande del paÍs y la cuarta con mÁs latinas, por supuesto, mucha cosa que hacer, por supuesto, la parte turÍstica, y para los fanÁticos del deporte, san antonio spurs, go spurs! karla: y tenemos lo mejor, el que cric es lo

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completamente en vivo, trayendo todo lo que pase en ese dÍa que tiene muchas emociones, es la semana de premios juventud, hay sentimientos encontrados, celebramos Álamosa kramsky...y este jueves estara de visita en san francisco el pre candidato republicano jeb bush, quien -en apoyo a las empresas innovadoras- usara el servicio de transporte empresas innovadoras- usara el servicio de transporte 'uber'... hillary clinton lo critico diciendo que si bien estas empresas si han traido innovacion y desarrollo, muchas de ellas no protegen como deberian (y como ejemplo menciono como estaran las temepraturas maximas en la region? por encima de los 65 hasta los 94. modesto registrara la mas alta precisamente. las mas frescas en san francisco con tan solo 68 grados.en los 80 napa, concord y santa rosa.en los 70 okland, livermore y san jose hoy en la costa se registrara nubes bajas y vientos de mas de 15 millas por hora hasta 20 por ciento de posibilidades de lluvia en horas de [ locutor ] ser socio de aarp significa mucho más de lo que te imaginas. aarp es una organización para personas mayores de 50 años que enriquece tu vida. aarp lucha para proteger tus derec

. >> 70 years ago on july 16, 1945, the first atomic bomb was tested near los alamos, new mexico. a few weeks later nuclear bombs were dropped on hiroshima and nagasaki, japan. here is part of a 1965 u.s. army film describing our nuclear capability in the 1960's. >> an american desert. this was an early test before our country along with other -- over 100 other nations agreed to cease atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons. for today or nuclear power is such that in the words of our president, the combined destructive power of every battle ever fought by man is like a firecracker against the sun. [explosion]

. >> 70 years ago on july 16, 1945, the first atomic bomb was tested near los alamos, new mexico. a few weeks later nuclear bombs were dropped on hiroshima and nagasaki, japan. here is part of a 1965 u.s. army film describing our nuclear capability in the 1960's. >> an american desert. this was an early test before our country along with other -- over 100 other nations agreed to cease atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons. for today or nuclear power is such that in the words of our president, the combined destructive power of every battle ever fought by man is like a firecracker against the sun. [explosion] ♪ [explosion] [wind howling] >> this is the awesome power and the power we have today is more than that of any adversary or combination of adversaries. the fact that we have it is the greatest deterrent to nuclear war. helping to protect us against nuclear attack are radar installations, networks of sensitive nerve ends. part of the ballistic missile early warning system. a nerve center of our defense alert system is this underground headquarters of the strategic air command.