it was he, not jefferson, who bought louisianan. it was he who wrote to florida from spain and it was he, james monroe, who stretched america's frontiers to the pacific ocean. back to the battle of trenton for a moment. as i said, monroe didn't cross the delaware on the same boat as washington. he crossed earlier with a squad that landed on the jersey shore to the north of trenton and circled behind the town while washington landed with his troops on the riverside below the town. now what makes trenton so important is that the british had almost won the war by christmas of 1776. their troops had overrun on the island, new york, westchester and most of new jersey. thousands of american troops had deserted and the british had chased the remnants of washington's army across new jersey over the delaware and in to pennsylvania.

must be under a civilian government reject here he appoints wilkinson to be governor of lubber louisianan and you will notice immediately after wilkinson has taken $12,000 on this occasion from the spanish and new orleans. and just to give you an idea how powerful that decision made him take a look at this map of the louisiana purchase being the governor of upper louisianan, but wilkinson in control of the upper two-thirds, all of that sensitive land between the united states and spain nobody quite knew where the boundaries late and there was an organization that started to come to the war but he was in charge of it all and he was commander in chief of the army. so why did jefferson take that gamble? that incredibly foolish gamble of putting the man so deeply suspected of being a traitor in a position of such overwhelming power and influence? and he had received to specific warnings we know about concerning wilkinson. one came from a kentucky judge called joseph davis who wrote to the president you have appointed general balkans and a governor of st. louis? who i am convinced has been for

i've talked a lot about louisianan. louisianan checks students' progress. they attract teachers back to students, and they attract teachers back to the school of education to their different alternative certification route so after hundreds and thousands of students and tens of thousands of teachers uc schools of education literally changing their curriculum based upon the results of the students of the alumni. louisiana doesn't have some technology the rest of the country can't figure out. this is not some technological breakthrough. this is simply having the courage to say that great teaching matters and adults make a big difference in student lives. and guess what, if we track these things over time, not in a gotcha way but in a method or philosophy of continuous improvement, that we can get dramatically better. so i sort of question why when it's not some miracle of technology that louisianan has patented and will share with the rest of the world, why is it today we only have one state operating in this manner? third, great talent matters. thinking abou

louisianans has long had challenges in public education and he took over after katrina so you double the challenges for new orleans and a lot of those districts and i asked, what you think it's harder, of fixing the schools in louisiana were putting a man on the moon and he said no question, putting a man on the moon is easier. were just fighting gravity there. you have a culture of despair in those who work in the public-school and the superintendents supposedly knew what he was talking about as a former senior official at nasa. so i felt good asking him a question and he said dealing with the human elements of things can make its an extra level of complexity and challenge to a public undertaking. >> a member of our staff were your pushing the boulder up the hill, in this case you are both pushing it up and having to carry a lot of people with you at the same time and whose behavior is may actually be pulling back the other way again. so the hill is very steep in those respects. we have had some successes but very difficult to do. >> in one of your previous works, revolution of the

technology that louisianan has patented and will share with the rest of the world, why is it today wenly have one state operating in this manner? third, great talent matters. thinking about how we get the best and brightest teachers and principals, the hardest working, the most coveted adults to the children in the communities that have been historic the underserved. and for all of the challenges we face as a country, a job outbreak this devastating, too many graduates are not prepared for colleges. i've never been more hopeful because we've never had more luck symbols of success of schools and school districts beating the odds year after year after year. how are they giving it? bye getting the most talented adults in front of the children who need the most help, and we have to do that systemically, not haphazardly, not by accident. and finally as a country having the courage to fundamentally turnaround chronically underperforming schools. i talked about a drop out rate that's devastating. we have over 100,000 schools and our country. only 2,000 high schools, not that many, pretty con

. -- into every louisianan, we have to do our best to put our best

in an effort to aided recovery, congress stepped in with a massive aid package for louisianans.used grant dollars and direct assistance. some of these one-time recovery dollars anything in addition to the increased economic activity were calculated into our state's per capita income. the result is that louisiana's per capita income it can. the presiding officer: time has expired. ms. landrieu: may i ask for an additional minute? the presiding officer: without objection. land land the per capita income was abnormally inflated. you can understand that. there were billions of dollars that came in from insurance and from road home and community development block grant, in addition labor and wage costs went up because there was a constriction in the market, which any economist can tell you always happens after a natural disaster. and, as a result, when we did the calculation under the law, it .t overnight become rich. that is not the case, madam president. our state is still as poor as it was, if not poorer. i am not going to be defensive about asking for help in this situation. and