this is 10 book 2 in mali. the streets are once again filled with color and song. celebrations music laughter and dancing have returned to this fabled and mysterious desert city. back in 2012 things looked very different. in the summer of 2012 armed radical islamists seized control of cities in northern mali including timbuktu. in 2013 a fragile peace was restored to the city on the transparent caravan route and the un has station the blue helmet soldiers in mali since then. but fear insecurity economic problems and unemployment remain there are few prospects especially for younger mali. over 5 years have passed since the occupation but to look to is still struggling to regain its identity. alimi ali was born here 31 years ago he has spent almost his whole life here and knows nearly every building the only time he left timbuktu was during the occupation when he fled to the capital bamako ali used to work as a tour guide showing americans and europeans his hometown. he agreed to also lead us through the cultural oasis timbuktu. crafters timbuktu is living together.

the primary objective in mali is to keep the population safe. and even to. address the locals with the only we are people that know what a good security situation that is. no money down but now this time it's a good if you do this and somehow it's ok for less. than a pretty noble offer but i think. the situation has improved a little also economically. the governor of 10 back to province says this is especially important for younger generations. laziness it would let you know that young people and more vulnerable members of society are particularly susceptible to being recruited by islamists or branded these. waters and both young and that is a danger. this is why it is so important to support that you can build their resilience everything else and then also give them economic opportunity that is the activity you could do. for the young people in timbuktu need and seek a perspective. so does. who lives in the middle of the city with one of his 3 brothers. he has managed to build a small business venture to earn a little money. runs a website together with an

this is happening in the central region of mali. what was supposed to be harvesting season for villagers has been a season of death and destruction. here farmers and herders are fighting over land. it is an ancestral conflict that takes place at the height of the dry season on one side are the traditional farmers and hunters known as doggoned. on the other side the semi nomadic herders of the sahara the full on these. dual domes accused of over stepping on their farmland to feed their animals. accused of killing and stealing their cattle. now they're killing each other. the violence is not limited to mali one neighboring countries for lonnie's have been in conflict with other tribes as well. fuelling this conflict are armed groups stepping in. in taking sides some have been fighting in the war in libya. and al qaeda affiliate is calling on full on these to join their ranks in exchange for protection. so is the slum mixtape in the greater sahara who are gaining a foothold in the region and into burkina faso. despite 14000 u.n. troops

started from because of the patients of them over in mali by total your scripts. you have one group which the completed go known has mojo the movement for one and just this exit in west africa and each extended it diminishes to part of the stunt and recruited look peoples and get the venom to be with it the violent sector and to learn to use. guns in the mullion places is a bad thing laying to the situation in libya. to the collapse of libya into for 11 what they would lead to stress is the direct he that the link between. the did all these groups which by the miley. in to focus on 12 and 14 and. the situation in the some type of country this is very clear who profits from this situation. say that. those who profit from the situation. that are some mighty ends. that most of the. people or countries that profit over this situation is france. france. the the why france why i'm coming i'm coming the government and government members. will not tell you the truth about this one. france and once the 2. recall a nice again. the scots. because of a do well on the ground.

this is happening in the central region of mali. what was supposed to be harvesting season for villagers has been a season of death and destruction. here farmers and herders. are fighting over land. it is an ancestral conflict that takes place at the height of the dry season on one side or the traditional farmers and hunters known as. on the other side the semi nomadic herders of the sahara all the full on these. domes accused of over stepping on their farmland to feed their animals. accused of killing and stealing their cattle. now they're killing each other. the violence is not limited to mali in neighboring countries have been in conflict with other tribes as well. fueling this conflict are armed groups stepping in and taking sides some have been fighting in the war in libya. well mostly mean an al-qaeda affiliate is calling on full on these to join their ranks in exchange for protection. so is the slum mixtape in the greater sahara who are gaining a foothold in the region and into burkina faso. despite 14000 u.n. troops known as

this is happening in the central region of mali. what was supposed to be harvesting season for villagers has been a season of death and destruction. here farmers and herders are fighting over land. it is an ancestral conflict that takes place at the height of the dry season on one side or the traditional farmers and hunters known as doggoned. on the other side the semi nomadic herders of the sile the full on these. dual domes accused of over stepping on their farmland to feed their animals. accused of killing and stealing their cattle. now they're killing each other. the violence is not limited to mali one neighboring countries for lonnie's have been in conflict with other tribes as well. fuelling this conflict are armed groups stepping in. in taking sides some have been fighting in the war in libya. and al qaeda affiliate is calling on full on these to join their ranks in exchange for protection. so is the slum mixtape in the greater sahara who are gaining a foothold in the region and into burkina faso. despite 14000 u.n. troops kn

a few months ago we were in mali argentina was in mali to follow up on a story of more than $20000.00 nigerian girls and young women who were trapped inside showed slavery in the mining fields of mali we met some of them we took a trip to that region in mali and police escort eventually we were told that the police and enough to handle the situation so we were given extra reinforcement of the military and even at that when we went to that region we were in the military was intimidated because the number of hundreds of people on motorcycles and machetes guns and all sorts of weapons emerged out of nothing and they wanted us out eventually we got to meet some of these nigerian girls and we were told that they cannot leave and they have to follow due process and you're talking about 20000 people some of these goals were practically young off the streets in their school uniforms and taken over to mali others in fact also trafficked based on the 5 or based on the promise that they while going to get jobs in mali some were told that they were going to mali and then all of a sudden after tra

it's been a long journey from refugee born to parents who fled from mali to germany in 1901 is i mean as a tourist story. i mean not have to worry is on her way to take up her new job at the schleswig-holstein state assembly she's been a member of parliament here for the greens since 2017 now she's been voted in as deputy speaker a powerful political position that isn't often held by a young woman especially not someone who was born in a refugee accommodation or whose parents were born in africa to write is part of the changing face of german politics. when they stood side unquote and when you look at the figures more than one in 5 people in germany have a migrant background this has to be reflected in politics otherwise it just doesn't represent society. that touré is passionate about the environment tackling the far right and it's anti immigration agenda and promoting women's rights she's also outspoken in her criticism of germany's refugee laws. people see what i join thinks that every prestigious title and policy is going to put people off playing to germany or any other country b

she grew up hearing her parents' stories of mali though and she describes herself as being both africanand german. by invading and i've always felt passionate both worlds the land of my parents and germany where i live i don't want to have to choose one country or the other african german is a concept shaped by the black feminist movement that's what identify with it see and well that's why this find germans with a migrant background in top political positions are rare and touré doesn't want to remain an exception. now when i say i psaki economy added many of you will think africa but believe it or not kenya has and i saw a team called the ice lions the team laces up its skates several times a week to practice in nairobi. thank you i saw ki at the equator yes it's real right here at this solar powered ice arena twice a week about 2 dozen adrenaline junkies meet for hockey training at this arena even though it's really too small for the sport most had never seen an ice rink before except on t.v. but now they're the ice lions and face the hole is one of the few women players on the team.

and the most vulnerable of the victims of mali's conflict we'll hear from the children pointed by nightmares off the fighting. then is canyon on track to ridding its at least 6 doping. hello i'm christine want to welcome to news africa i'm glad you did there's been a series of looting incidents in south africa residents from the township of celestial save to have gone on an overnight sporty on wednesday a tall detain shops run by foreign nationals this video circulating on social media pope wants to show a mob ransacked shop continued on thursday morning this video taken in soweto steeped with district shows a separate mark the south african government has on the day of the raids. we're going to go over to soweto now way to fulfil those into malaya is standing by he is the director console t.m. of refugees and migrants in south africa it's an ngo based and it johannesburg welcome sit africa day full so you were at the scene in that did goof this morning where one of those shops was attacked and i believe you actually standing outside of it what did you see. this scene now seems to be calm to

we had worked on a number of development projects in mali, ethiopian and the gambia and we re mali, ethiopians are locally run, everyone we knew had their own ideas of initiatives they wa nted their own ideas of initiatives they wanted to put in place locally. we talk to them about what that would look like if we invested in local entrepreneurial projects like sanitation, health, female empowerment, and put that into place slowly. it is a journey, we only set up slowly. it is a journey, we only set up last year. how much money have you put back in? £12,500 profit so far. do you have a look at firms that are not doing what you are doing, fast fashion retailers, and think, that is way easier. it must be hard to do what you're doing, having such control, charging a premium price because of the work involved. we have a lot of people saying that. in the first six modes of trading, people said, you should fundraise like a charity and forget the fashion bit, it is too hard to make that work and be a truly ethical brand. but we have had incredible feedback, we are ten months in and profit making. peo

our next story is in mali a country that's been ravaged by war since in on conflict between insurgent groups and the government broke out more than 7 years ago. and 2012 separatists from the ethnic group and jihadists and eye to al qaeda took over most of the stasi populated north of the country the following year france inten troops to stop the rebels assault would advance but insurgents remain active in the country and region recently the fighting has spread into central parts of the country despite a peace agreement been signed in 2015 the crisis has profoundly disrupted the lives of millions in the country children have especially been affected the un's children agency now warns of the shop rise in the number of children being killed in monday's deadly attacks. the scars of a conflict 7 year long civil war has left an indelible mark since its outbreak in 2012 the insurgency has killed thousands and displaced countless more but it's molly's young who are increasingly bearing the brunt of war. either. there are not only me that i'm haunted by my thoughts whenever i sleep i see the b

they take this mistrust between the leaders but there is also another important issue which is so mali's as a society where we are a clam based society and we have been fighting each other for the past 30 years for domination every clan wants to dominate other clans and i would say that the president for a module is abusing the office of the president to empower his clan and what he literally once is through his clan to dominate jubelin and kissed my ear and that is not something somalis usually like to talk about but the reality is we can talk about policies but for marginal us the interest of his clan apart not the interest of the somali nation and i think that is another issue which we have to tell our audience i feel you've heard what jamal has just said which is the the clan connections which happen to be the decisive factor in this elections. for example is comes from god in for you is from the money hand those clan connections or affiliations are $1.00 of the reasons why somalia disintegrated in 1991 and continues to face the same problems. well i have to say that. even though pla

the 1st president of the republic of mali have also performed many times you might be better than them are jeb bush rishi. loves playing in bamako the city which was built on the banks of the revive niger innis one of the fastest growing metro police in the world sometimes at the expense of those who are ruth below the poverty line. must assume he comments on the social change in bamako in his news right. now when he needs to recharge must assume a heads. to the national park in the heart of comical this is why he filmed a very personal video back in 2011 a doctor a muslim and midwife of a piece is dedicated to my mother it was my way of honoring all midwives going to college and he doesn't shy away from political topics in his either that. explain your islam he condemns the jihadists creating fear and violence particularly in the countries not after they really of another song even received death threats. before i wrote my career i have used music to speak out. at times i have been so critical that people have even wondered whether i work for the opposition but i. was never compared f

now let's head not far away from south africa's coast to mali's capital bamako it's a vibrant city moves to it's all the local town here is a mixture of modern music and people don't take my what for we. must assume we played guide for a day and showed us around his home city. yes i must. acknowledge a sister of the street lawyer the voice of the voiceless marco my character the city of the 3 came and come with me and discover my city. is my life aka my stuff so me it's one of molly's most famous rapper he was born in bamako in 1983 and has lived here all his life around 3000000 people call this a place home but pretty much everyone knows this rumpus name and it's no wonder that over half of mali's would listen is an 18 in their own love that music likely . can accommodate $35000.00 spectators would be allowed that much and as well as football marches many consider it went to hell here there's a lot of feuds concerts the stadium is named after them what they were kids are the 1st president of the republic of mali have also performed many types you molly better than them are your book or

making bricks taking the latrine so that kids in this village in mali could get an education the harder the program is about teaching high school students that we can have an impact in the world even if you have a disability you still can have an impact in the world when i came back home my parents were more convinced but only slightly even now even after graduating from law school there's still nervous and still protect. that probably will never end as long as they're your parents have and i wanted to also bring in our community here we got a tweet so many people follow your work online love what you stand for and love what you advocate for this is a brit hume who's one of them on twitter says i watched your text talk and i must say you were super intelligent we both know too disabilities are the same we all have our uniqueness but how did you cope with growing up as a child in the streets. able ism is a problem all over the world in the united states in eritrea and ethiopia able ism is the believe that people with disabilities are inferior to the non-disabled so employers thinking don

but in situations where we don't have a school or to at all for instance i was in mali this week and visited a displacement camp in mopti in central mali which has seen a rise in attacks actually in recent in recent months what we have is we can offer at least safe learning spaces a turn it of learning spaces in these camps so that the kids at least can access some form of basic education and are given some basic education skills numeracy literacy that kind of thing while in displacement in other parts like in northern iraq in a fossil which is also very much a country an area of concern for us because of the rise in security there we offer together with our local partners we offer radio school basically we developed broadcasts that are there are broadcast in local languages 5 times a week in 3 different languages in northern brooklyn a fossil where kids who aren't able to even leave their homes let alone go to school at least can be at home and listen to a radio we offer these radio sets and they can listen and learn something and we are also reaching for the 1st time kids through h

5th and school closures juta violence have gone up to 6 fold over the past 2 years in burkina faso mali and nature or patsy mchale is head of the unicef's africa service unit and is the lead author of the report she says the large numbers of students norton school has a serious impact on the country's development. first of all i'd like to bring to you the words of a priest that i met in northern burkina faso just a few weeks ago father arcadius so adorable who is saying that without education we have no development and when you have such a large number of children out of school especially girls this has an extremely serious the tremendous effect on the country and that's that's another thing that perhaps strikes me as well that in a situation where you have education under threats where you have the livelihoods and the lives and futures of children parents are real. extremely concerned about this and you understood you see when meeting with them with the families and with the children selves how important they feel that education is so so that is perhaps you know one of the main message

but in situations where we don't have a school or to at all for instance i was in mali this week and visited a displacement camp in mopti in central mali which has seen a rise in attacks actually in recent in recent months what we have is we can offer at least safe learning spaces a turn it of learning spaces in these camps so that the kids at least can access some form of basic education and are given some basic education skills numeracy literacy that kind of thing while in displacement in other parts like in northern iraq in a fossil which is also very much a country an area of concern for us because of the rise in security there we offer together with our local partners we offer radio school basically we developed broadcasts that are there are broadcast in local languages 5 times a week in 3 different languages in northern brooklyn a fossil where kids who aren't able to even leave their homes let alone go to school at least can be at home and listen to a radio we offer these radio sets and they can listen and learn something and we are also reaching for the 1st time kids through h

the mali empire most of the buildings you see they are all build with. this is how the team builds a wall. they use different mud mixtures layered one over another that gives the house an interesting aesthetic there's a good exercise through you know. all the walls really solid enough. is just like a sedimentary rock we are mimicking the 3rd dimension rock but before 1000 of years . louis piling on top of each other over thousands of years now we are often in the process so. when false i shine the word green after some time is because it's like a manmade storm. the company has built 4 houses so far it started out with a little prototype building experimenting with different materials and techniques including using bricks made of around. this cafeteria in north and gone i was more ambitious and scale. this residential project is the biggest so for materials at cheap it's cost about $150000.00 u.s. dollars that's about one 3rd less than the price was invention new building and there are more advantages you get very very good in indoor air quality. the wall

military shows how munitions and weapons are stored supplies for fighters in syria mali or afghanistan. paratroopers practice jumping fighter pilots set off from here on their missions to africa asia and the middle east. defending germany only plays a smaller role according to this expert and the u.s. and this is not really i'll give you such of course as a bit of protection but at the same time history teaching importance of ramstein for u.s. foreign policy and security policy not be underestimated. and it's not just the air base the biggest american military hospital outside continental united states is also nearby doctors and health care workers train here for emergencies and for working in a war zone wounded soldiers are brought here from all over the world. soon they will be relocating not to poland but closer to the airfield. a new hospital costing around a $1000000000.00 will be built more modern and better equipped. forest at the edge of the airbase has already been cleared. the mayor of. the large investment alone means there will be no move. you never know what will get used

this place home but pretty much everyone knows it's rough but name and it's no wonder over half of mali's pollution is under 18 in the only love that music clearly my people can accommodate $35000.00 spectators would be allowed that much and football much is many conservative bent to help here there's a lot of huge concerts the stadium is named after him we're deeper kycia the 1st president of the republic of mali have also performed many types you molly besser alomar jeb bush regime. loves playing in bamako the city which was built on the banks of the revive niger innis one of the fastest growing metro police in the world sometimes at the expense of those who agree with below the poverty line. must assume any comments on the social change in bamako in his news wrap up therefore not your last boss want to know when he needs to recharge muster so many heads. to the national park in the heart of comical this is why he filmed a very personal video back in 2011 a doctor a muslim and midwife the piece is dedicated to my mother it was my way of honoring all midwives going to college and he does

military shows how munitions and weapons are stored supplies for fighters in syria mali or afghanistan. paratroopers practice jumping fighter pilots set off from here on their missions to africa asia and the middle east. defending germany only plays a smaller role according to this expert on the us this is not true. of course as a bit of protection but at the same time history teaching importance of ramstein for u.s. foreign policy and security policy to not be underestimated. and it's not just the air base the biggest american military hospital outside continental united states is also nearby doctors and health care workers train here for emergencies and for working in a war zone wounded soldiers are brought here from all over the world. very. soon they will be relocating not to poland but closer to the airfield. a new hospital costing around a $1000000000.00 will be billed more modern and better equipped forest at the edge of the air base has already been cleared. the mayor of the large investment alone means there will be no move. you never know what will get used or not but i can't

but in situations where we don't have a school or to at all for instance i was in mali this week and visited a displacement camp in mopti in central mali which has seen a rise in attacks actually in recent in recent months what we have is we can offer at least safe learning spaces a turn it of learning spaces in these camps so that the kids at least can access some form of basic education and are given some basic education skills numeracy literacy that kind of thing while in displacement in other parts like in northern iraq in a fossil which is also very much a country an area of concern for us because of the rise in security there we offer together with our local partners we offer radio school basically we develop broadcasts that are there are broadcast in local languages 5 times a week in 3 different languages in northern brooklyn a fossil where kids who aren't able to even leave their homes let alone go to school at least can be at home and listen to a radio we offer these radio sets and they can listen and learn something and we are also reaching for the 1st time kids through hav

the barriers were set up by protesters who are demanding urgent improvement to mali's dilapidated andike this because without the roads we can't transport our goods. to sell your products you also have to be alive and not die on the road. that is why we cut off the roads. the qr vehicle back over ten kilometres, effectively blocking the route into the capital and on towards synagogue and mauritania. the government says improving the state of transport infrastructure is a priority, but many aren't convinced, saying road repairs funding is often diverted. predators have vowed to maintain the blockade until they have a firm commitment that road and rail will be upgraded. residents on the caribbean island of puerto rico are bracing for tropical storm dorian, expected to make landfall wednesday. us president donald trump declared a state of emergency on the island and shelters have been prepared for anyone in need. the us national weather service has warned of heavy winds and the risk of flooding as the storm passes overhead. authorities on the us territory say they are now better prepared

but the tour mali acts nursery managed to cross the common white water lily with exotic varieties from that time on you saw them in pink red blue and so on when monet saw them at the fair he was fascinated it inspired him to cultivate his garden he plays. it's now late morning and the sun has awakened all the water lilies tourists are crowding around to get the obligatory snapshots. near the pond is the sea of color that is money's 1st garden an ornamental one the painter gave his gardeners precise instructions about what should bloom where he sat isn't quite so strict but he does try to keep money spirit alive relate to shellfish on the flower beds are planted in such a way that they complement each other visually similar to how a painter mixes his colors in a palette before he starts his work before but it will feel. as john murray of his own ever thought of setting up his own easel here. he says it's a nice thought but he'd never find the time and anyway he's fully content looking after clock money's gardening legacy. just look stunning we've been island hopping all week and today w

making bricks taking the latrine so that kids in this village in mali could get an education the harder the program is about teaching high school students that we can have an impact in the world even if you have a disability you still can have an impact in the world when i came back home my parents were more convinced but only slightly even even after graduating from law school there's still nervous and still protect. that probably will never end as long as they're your parents have and i wanted to also bring in our community here we got a tweet so many people follow your work online love what you stand for and love what you advocate for this is a brit hume who's one of them on twitter says i watched your text talk and i must say you were super intelligent we both know too disabilities are the same we all have our uniqueness but how did you cope with growing up as a child in the states. able ism is a problem all along with the world in the united states in eritrea and ethiopia able ism is the believe that people with disabilities are inferior to the non-disabled so employers thinking do

played for the guinea a national team and facing off against sides like senegal bookie to fast so and mali over a period of 12 years. in 1968 even played at the olympics. as an impish a dolphin one of them walking through the olympic village ladies and gentlemen one occasionally finds a true surprise as we were standing in the entrance to the team building when this young gentleman approached us and in a perfect german asked to speak to the german doctor we got talking and more said we discover mr shareef i'll get to the point many of you will know him as he played football in our german democratic republic for noid brandenburg when was that mr shareef was on board one vote us actually that was from 1962 to 64 months and on the students axis zeevi where there is a student wanted to study i studied building and construction but as i was passing enjoyable time yeah it was a great time. in mexico guinea were eliminated in the preliminary round. of the camelot. the 1st. but sharif successful sporting journey continues at the alter national stadium. here in 1977 was the highlight the african cu

half of the schools closed in cameroon where more than 600000 children are not going to classes in mali attacks on schools doubled between 2017 and this year in central african republic the number rose by more than a 5th and school closures due to violence have gone up 6 ford in book in a fossil molly and nisha. let's bring in our panel in johannesburg patti nachle chief of the unicef africa services unit and the lead author of the report in akra ghana. executive director of the west africa network for peace building and in my degree nigeria my. teacher based in borno state welcome to you all better we're talking here about an increasingly alarming situation but what about the name cause is it instability of the violence or a combination of different other factors. well basically we have 1900000 children being pushed out of their education being pushed out of school across 8 countries in western central africa for in security reasons for violence as well as threats of violence i myself for instance visited to put in a fossil a few weeks back and there the what we see is that the reasons

i've had with my parents growing up there was a situation where i wanted to help build a school in mali west africa and my parents said no it's not c and i told them you are from africa my dad grew up in ethiopia my mom grew up in is eritrea how can they tell me it's not seen it was because they were feeling protective as parents it had nothing to do with africa even if i was building a school in say montana i was sure they would have told me no it's not saying you so i tried in this is a story of advocacy so i advocated and i told them i know my abilities i know what i can and can't do and i can build a school and they still said no i was really frustrated i'm sure lots of kids can relate to this wanting to there's a thing in your parents saying no so i asked myself how can i convince them they're not believing me even though i feel like an expert when it comes to my abilities so i asked myself who else can help convince them that i can do this. so we brought in the program manager who takes students to developing countries to help build schools and she sat down at length with me and m

they take this mistrust between the leaders but there is also another important issue which is so mali's as a society where we are a crime based society and we have been fighting each other for the past 50 years for domination every clan wants to dominate other clans and i would say that the president for a module is abusing the office of the president to empower his clan and what he literally once is through his client to dominate jubelin and kissed my ear and that is not something somalis usually like to talk about but the reality is we can talk about policies but for much or. the interest of his clan a part not the interest of the somali nation and i think that is another issue which we have to tell our audience here you've heard what jamal has just said which is the the clan connections which happen to be the decisive factor in this elections. for example is comes from god in for you is from the money hand those clan connections or affiliations are $1.00 of the reasons why somalia disintegrated in 1991 and continues to face the same problems. well i have to say that. even though klan

they are recruited from chad, mali and niger."members of the rsf, and if so, how many? no non—sudanese? i want to ask you specifically about what happened principally injune, when after the initial euphoria of the removal of president omar al—bashir, troops opened fire on protesters. unarmed, peaceful civilians. one protester here in khartoum told me that the army was seen as saviours, now they are seen as killers. what was the role of the rsf, the rapid support forces, in that attack onjune the 3rd on civilians? but the rapid support forces were specifically blamed. let me tell you what one leading sudan expert, alex de waal, said. he said, "general hemeti's forces raged through khartoum, beginning with the camps of the protesters, burning the tents, often with people inside, more than 100 killed, many were raped. the rapid support force terrorised khartoum." these are the accusations about your force. but why didn't you stop the attacks on civilians? we also saw some deaths in omdurman and el obeid at the end ofjuly. why didn't