japan's stronghold in manchuria was attacked. here of a total and japanese militarism, the war was lost. in washington, secretary of war simpson and secretary of state burns hurried to the white house. the united states cabinet meeting with president truman, studied japan's surrender messages. in full coordination with the governments of britain, china, russia, and other allies. the world remembered franklin , years of great responsibility took their toll. a grateful world honored him today. ♪ andator: douglas macarthur, now named supreme allied commander in japan. china.der of fighting chester nimitz, commander of the mighty fleet. truman, after taking oath as president, led his country finally to victory and peace. he met with his covenant in an emergency session. the president breaks the momentous news of japan's surrender. >> i have received this afternoon a message from the japanese government in reply to forwarded to that government by the secretary of state on august 11. text this reply eight full -- full acceptance of the

that help to tell the story of the 20th century. 1931, japanese troops leave for the conquest of manchuria. the first of this war's aggressive nations starting out a full 14 years ago on a career of international comfort. shanghai, 1937. full-scale warfare against china. the worlds were still unready to deal with this aggression. diplomats- japan's attended to justify the actions and then walked out. long series of brutal attacks upon an unprepared neighbor continued. japan seized the new empire, set up public rulers, ruled even more self-confident and aggressive. japan successful imperialism encouraged others, immediately -- italy invaded ethiopia. that thend italy found republic in spain. posted thens confirmation of an alliance. the access military factions to germany and italy would plunge europe into or and became fully united with japan in the strategy of terror. the result, bleeding, pillaged china, millions made homeless. indomitable courage and inadequate weapons, the chinese bought back. alone they cap the resistance of japanese imperialism a lot. -- they kept the resistance of j

but we, the people, hadn't much time to think about manchuria.t depression in our history. some of us were out of jobs. some of us stood in bread lines. some of us suffered homemade aggression. some of us were choked with dust. some of us had no place to go. two years later, in 1933, while most of you were graduating from high school, we read that a funny little man called hitler had come into power in germany. ♪ narrator: we heard that a thing called the nazi party had taken over. ♪ narrator: "today we rule germany, tomorrow the world." what kind of talk was that? it must be only hot air. in 1935, about the time you had your first date, we read that strutting mussolini had attacked far-off ethiopia. a disease seemed to be spreading, so congress assembled to insulate us against the growing friction of war. senator hiram johnson: we want no war, we'll have no war, saving defense of our own people or our own honor. narrator: toward this end, our chosen representatives passed the neutrality act. no nation at war could buy manufactured arms or muniti

on august the eighth, 1945, the soviet union declared war on japan and invaded manchuria which japanccupied since 1937. ninth, 1945, as the bombing of hiroshima failed to bring about the immediate surrender of japan, a second atomic bomb dropped that day on the city of nagasaki. major charlesby sweeney. the instance of casualties varied ranging from 35,000-70,000. the report i received from the japanese embassy stated that casualties were 73,000 fatalities. 1945, thethe 10th, cabinet of the governor of japan approved the emperor's decision to accept the terms of the pot stand declaration with the understanding that the emperor would remain the country's first -- sovereign ruler. statese day, the united and allies were notified of japan's decision. the united states sought to make it clear that after the surrender, the emperor would have to renounce his identity, however, he would be allowed to retain his title of emperor as a function of a symbolic head of state. 1945, japane 14th, finally agreed to accept the terms of the pot stand with the u.s. assurance that the emperor would be p

on august 8, 1940 five, the soviet union declared war on manchuria,nvaded which japan had occupied since the bombing roshima, failed to bring about the immediate surrender of japan. a second bomb was dropped on flown byby a plane sergeant sweeney. the estimate of death their 70,000-2 hundred 40,000. the reporter received in the embassy on august 18 stated the casualties in nagasaki were 73,000. cabinett 10, 1945, the of the government of japan approved the emperor's decision to accept the terms of the declaration with the understanding that the emperor would remain the country's sovereign ruler. the same day, august 10, the united states and her allies were notified of japan's decision. the united states felt to make it clear that after the surrender, the emperor would have to renounce his identity, however he would be allowed to retain his title of emperor as a symbolic head of state. japanust 14, 1945, finally agreed to accept the ttdam declaration with the assurance that the emperor would be able to retain his title and function as a symbolic head of state. 16, 1945, in a radio addres

manchuria, ethiopia, then hitler's invaded austria, czechoslovakia, and in 1939, poland. it's eastward march was interrupted by france and britain they were stopped, declaring war. the germans were first to turn west, and in 1940 as we have seen, like the last opposition from western europe. and while the nazis were trying -- were unsuccessfully trying to bring britain to her knees, the german generals were already planning to resume the interrupt of eastern conquest. the road to russia was now open. but before that attack, preliminary steps were necessary. south and east of germany are hungary, romania, yugoslavia and greece. and hungary had grain, rich fields of it. grain too good for hungarians when german soldiers have such good appetites. they have aluminum, which makes planes. hungary had an army, not the battle trained german army, but good enough to throw against russian guns. romania had not only grain but oil, and hitler needed every last drop of it to power his war machine. romania also had men, more slave labor, more cannon fodder for the attacks on russia. an