colonel mansoor will give his presentation at the podium now. thank you. >> thank you, peter, for that kind introduction, and thank you all for coming today. i really appreciate the new america foundation sponsoring this talk. i was not going to write this book. i retired from military in 2008, and although i knew that the restored to be told, i was going to let it take some time to digest and develop. and i was thinking maybe 10, 20 years down the road i would write a history of the iraq war are but a couple years later in the summer of 2010 i was at a conference with a who's who of counterinsurgency experts in the united states. we were talking about what to do in iraq are of course the iraq war -- i'm sorry, in afghanistan. what to do in afghanistan in 2010 was an issue of major concern in the united states, and invariably the discussion default into what it happened in iraq and what happened during the surge and why the sectarian violence was reduced so much in that period. and and listening to what the various experts have to say, it was go