he partnered with the universal negro improvement association, which was marcus garvey's group, to collectignatures of people who would be willing to move to africa to start anew. one thing you will notice from this petition is that the handwriting is the same on every line. you can see, maybe someone wrote it out and copied names from a phone book. but really, we think this was the presentation copy so you could read handwritings. a lot of african-americans supported this initiative. they felt at the time, there was no way to get equal rights in the united states. and this was across the country, not just in mississippi. they thought this was their only way to find land and create something for themselves. as part of the greater liberia act, which we have a copy of, the u.s. government would invest $15 million to secure land and transportation for anyone that wanted to move to liberia. this was 1939. with world war ii in play, this was put on hold and forgotten. it shows just one of the ways in which bilbo tried to segregate the country. not only was he anti-african america,n but he did n

you can't preach to them black panther party or, or, you know, marcus garvey or this because they can'ttually sell it and monetize it and make some money off it. >> anthony: despite an appalling murder rate, questionable leadership, chicagoans aren't going anywhere any time soon. >> shirley: the southern people we brought our spirit here, so chicago have like a warm spirit and you know loving spirit. >> lupe: it's a beautiful place, it's a genuinely beautiful place where you have to redefine beauty is to you. when you go to different neighborhoods, and it's really bad. but even in that there's still a beauty in the people and just from a cultural front, you know, we got everything here, you know? we got -- you want capoeira, we got capoeira. we got that. you want house music we got that too, you want, you want just straight finance and you want just be a stock market baron we got that too, you know, you want some of the best food, that you ever find we got that too. so we're crossroads, we picked up a lot, a lot of little dna in things from different places on all fronts. ♪ (vo) whateve

the universal negro improvement association, which was marcus garvey's group, to collect signatures of people who would be willing to move to africa to start anew. one thing you will notice from this petition is that the handwriting is the same on every line. you can see, maybe someone wrote it out and copied names from a phone book. but really, we think this was the presentation copy so you could read handwritings. a lot of african-americans supported this initiative. they felt at the time, there was no way to get equal rights in the united states. and this was across the country, not just in mississippi. they thought this was their only way to find land and create something for themselves. as part of the greater liberia act, which we have a copy of, the u.s. government would invest $15 million to secure land and transportation for anyone that wanted to move to liberia. this was 1939. with world war ii in play, this was put on hold and forgotten. it shows just one of the ways in which bilbo tried to segregate the country. not only was he anti-african america,n but he did not care for

the beauty beta boy, booker washington, marcus garvey and many others had contradictions between and amongst them, but all were united around this idea of pro-tokyo sentiment to a greater or lesser degree. so when japan bombed pearl harbor in place in black america was this infrastructure of pro-tokyo support that paul robeson began to chip away at it that is to say that paul robeson was able to convince many black americans that their destiny and fate should razz for solidarity with washington in this death match with japan, italy and germany rather than succumbing to tokyo. you should also go parenthetically -- about the cat out of the bag to say that the next book i published a b. on the pro-tokyo sentiment in black america, which was quite strong and quite resonant and like many intriguing chapters of u.s. history, somehow has disappeared into the rabbit hole of a niche. paul robeson was able to chip away at that kind of sentiment in getting them to enlist in great numbers in military where they played a pivotal role in the ultimate devastation of the fascist powers and particula

there was a co-mingling of pan african marxism ala dubois and black nationalism ala marcus garvey.he pendant and self -- penn ant itself of garveyism defined ghana. as much, if not more than dubo is. our papers here are a feast, indeed. beginning alphabetically, hang your conscience on a peg. the efforts to end apartheid in south africa -- we needn't usually think of the boycott movement beginning at a later time in 1955 in london with julius and others with a mandate from -- to speak out against our apartheid. the first mobilization of concerns of the south african regime. and then we are running to the anti-apartheid movement with this -- there is another chapter. and that chapter we will experience through the presentation of carol anderson. forging freedoms come internationalization of african american history, that is a large topic for tiffany patterson's paper. what it really is is that attention we would welcome and expect to the role of women and gender in the global experience. there, we have an attention paid rather by a graphically to women who have not had their voices