my name is mark francesca. i'm here at oxford, oxford on the faculty. i mean economics o c ologist by training, interested in how large scale infrastructure changes. so great to see you after 9 years. i know mark teaches a class on innovation and system building. he tells me what must align for new technology to become fruitful. all technologies start out as interesting ideas. some of them begin to develop into innovations, and we know that that art from invention to innovation, takes all the time. it takes a lot of work. some of those innovations eventually become commercially viable. but can this technology ever become as pervasive as the internet? i came to the computer history museum in the heart of silicon valley to find out. so you're looking at the console for sage, which was probably the 1st computer network. there were $23.00 centers around north america to warn against soviet bombers and they were waiting for world war 3. the us military and some american universities asked this guy to create a new kind of network to connect their separate netw