be part of the future of people eventually settling mars in the next few decades so once again martin rees well where's. tell me that the people who colonized loris will have to be a different kind of species because they will need to adapt to this long term travel in outer space and harsh ready ation do you think that will have to sort of mutate if we want to get off earth eventually. well i mean you know evolution is slow and it is forced by environmental changes certainly as well as mutations and we've seen that throughout the history of life on our own planet so the 1st people who go out to live on mars to stay or to live on the moon to stay or to go live on jupiter's moon europa to stay will sort of suddenly be in a very different environment than the one in which their ancestors were raised in and so one can imagine that there could be favorable mutations to radiation that allow allow that trait to be built up over time you know we don't know we don't know if if women can have children in space we just don't know what is the effect of gravity on the development of a child. you know w