many young women go out to fight and mary jihadi's and the ages range from as young to 15 -- as 15 to 20. >> what can the establishment, what can the government actually do? >> this is a fight being fought on two fronts will stop the hard measures government is putting into place to try to stem the tide of recruitment out and deal with returnees, but the real challenge is in the soft space. we desperararaly need to see credible voices, people at the frontline of this set of challenges equipped with tools to project the counter narratives and there are many of those -- former extremists and people with intimate experiments -- experiences who work with young people and prevent them from falling into the same problem they did. mothers of individuals who have gone out there and have sometimes been involved in suicide attacks. people with personal stories to tell about these organizations and about the hell they elicit on people. this is a very important art of it, but these are people who do not have the skills to reach out to these constituents. what we need is a machinery in place that