and then after richmond fell, mary lincoln came back and said, i don't have anything to do with julia grant. they're on adjoining boats and merry has a party, julie is not invited, so she hires a band and goes up and down the james playing you will miss me when i am gone. [laughter] cokie roberts: okay, we got to the 20th century because were going to run out of time. katie, florence hardy. -- florence harding .>> if i if i couldibley: just make one mention about letters in the early 19 century, thomas jefferson, his daughter martha kept him going with letters. is really interesting about letters. florence harding is a fascinating woman. i am very biased, that she really was. she is certainly one of the most underrated first ladies. hopefully, that will change as more and more of us learn about her role with the military. as a senator's wife, she was in the senate during what were i, so she was very concerned, as many first ladies would have been, including edith wilson at the time, with the war and what was happening. but she had a special connection, kind of like mary lincoln, becau

katherine sibley: it is very interesting about mary lincoln, what a sad story in so many ways, losing so many children, particularly willie, their favorite, in the white house. and some were even more empathic toward the soldiers. of course, unfortunately later after her husband died, she thought she suffered more than any other family that lost someone during the civil war. she could take things sometimes to extremes, but she had great empathy, exactly as you are saying, for the soldiers' suffering that she had experienced herself. i also want to pick up on something which you had talked about with your show and how the development of first lady scholarship, and it is so interesting. they are today very focused and excited about this topic, but this was not the way it was for a long time. i'm glad many of us have spoken to friends and family about our work, and they say, first ladies? they don't understand why this is a compelling topic. it is interesting when it came about, when did it become something that people cared about. as far as i can tell, it really began to spark at the be

this happens to be a delegate of indian chiefs visiting president lincoln, and in the corner here is mary todd lincoln. policy was notan in any way shape or form nist.minatio rather the government response to what was commonly called the indian problem was inconsistent. massacres did occur, and they do ,ppear in my book unvarnished and treaties were broken regularly, the government never contemplated genocide, despite what you may read in some books specials onome tv the west. mustthe indian way of life be a eradicated if the indians were to survive was taken for granted, however. culpable genocide, so to speak, was taken for granted. physical genocide, never contemplated. federal indian policy actually evolved in fits and starts in the years after the civil war. when the war ended, indian policy was in complete tatters. you can imagine that all the attention had been occupied with the feeding the confederacy. neither the president or congress was able to fashion coherent indian policy, which kept things as william t sherman put it -- another problem that compounded the difficulties was r

this happens to be a delegate of indian chiefs visiting president lincoln, and in the corner here is mary todd lincoln. government indian policy was not in any way shape or form exterminationist. rather the government response to what was commonly called the indian problem was inconsistent. massacres did occur, and they do appear in my book unvarnished, and treaties were broken regularly, the government never contemplated genocide, despite what you may read in some books or see and some tv specials on the west. now, the indian way of life must be a eradicated if the indians were to survive was taken for granted, however. culpable genocide, so to speak, was taken for granted. physical genocide, was never contemplated. federal indian policy actually evolved in fits and starts in the years after the civil war. when the war ended, indian policy was in complete tatters. you can imagine that all the attention had been occupied with the confederacy. neither the president or congress was able to fashion coherent indian policy, which kept things as william t sherman put it -- to caprice and the ha

way, william todd -- the pioneer who drew the flag on a bedsheet -- was the nephew of mary todd, abraham lincoln's wife. with "flag facts," i'm eric. >> it's time for "make the grade." here's christin. back in the old, old days, when our parents were kids, they didn't have all the technology we have. they couldn't text, e-mail, or easily surf the web. but they did have an old-fashioned way to study that is still useful. they made flash cards. yes, i know flash cards are easy to get through sites and apps like quizlet, but there's something to be said for grabbing a pen and index cards and creating your own flash cards. the simple act of writing out the cards helps to improve your recall of the information. plus, if you need cards that so, while these flash cards are pretty old-school, they're still pretty cool. of course, i'd never admit that to my parents. i'm christin, here to help you make the grade. >> if you're a new driver, there's a lot to keep in mind. that's why we're bring you another important message from the national road safety foundation. ?? [ cellphone chimes ] ?? >> so, how was yo

way, william todd -- the pioneer who drew the flag on a bedsheet -- was the nephew of mary todd, abraham lincoln's wife. with "flag facts," i'm eric. >> it's time for "make the grade." here's christin. back in the old, old days, when our parents were kids, they didn't have all the technology we have. they couldn't text, e-mail, or but they did have an old-fashioned way to study that is still useful. they made flash cards. yes, i know flash cards are easy to get through sites and apps like quizlet, but there's something to be said for grabbing a pen and index cards and creating your own flash cards. the simple act of writing out the cards helps to improve your recall of the information. plus, if you need cards that have diagrams, it's often easier to draw those yourself. pretty cool. of course, i'd never admit that to my parents. i'm christin, here to help you make the grade. >> if you're a new driver, there's a lot to keep in mind. that's why we're bring you another important message from the national road safety foundation. ?? [ cellphone chimes ] ?? >> so, how was your drive? >> interesting. >>

dolly madison is a political operative and so is mary todd lincoln and they have tied it. she could appeal to different group of voters and to the crusaders. that will give you bill and hillary, barack obama and michelle. so now there's two running mates. there's no way martha washington will ever be president of the united or abigail adams were dolly madison but yes it is possible hillary clinton could be or michelle obama. that was not unthinkable and that is all the story begins by letting more people vote than ever before in the founding but then the later chapters of the story. forward and you need to know not just the story of how it began that what happened between then and now so you can figure out how to write the next chapter. >> following up on that >> she has read the book but it's called a return to dynasty and i talk about all sorts of dynasties. and you see a. why does the president have to be 35-years-old and here's the answer who could have the recognition to get elected president at 33 and the answer is the famous son of a famous father. who is the prime

and so is mary todd lincoln. and they have to hide it. women's suffrage comes along, and now eleanor roosevelt does not have to hide it, and she can appeal to a different group of voters, to the moderates, she can appeal to the crusaders. two for the price of one. and when you have the 19th amendment, that's going to give you franklin and eleanor, bill and hillary, barack and michelle. it transforms, for example, the whole role of the first lady so now presidents have two running mates who can succeed them. there's no way martha washington's ever going to be president of the united states, you see, or abigail adams or colingly madison. but, yes, it's actually possible that hillary clinton can be president of the united states or michelle obama, for that matter. that was not unthinkable, and that's all a 19th amendment story. it begins by letting more people vote than ever before at the founding, but then later chapters of this story carry it forward in time. and you need to know not just the story of how it began, but what's happened betw

then gary johnson is currently googling lincoln now. maryry debate coach tells you, pivot to the lincoln movie. it's always a good diversion. >>> when clayton came on to talk about tweets and i read them well. you're still bitter about that. i apologize for that. >> one of my -- >> i know there's a fly in the room. >> watch it last night. my wife was watching and said is there a fly in the house or is that in st. louis in the studio landing on hillary clinton's face which it did. this fly -- actually got its own twitter account immediately. president fly on twitter immediately rolled out the twitter account and said yo, just broke past security and landed on hillary's face. hi mom. they spelled hillary's name wrong. >> one of my favorite moments was ken bone. he got up and he asked a really thoughtful question about energy policy. we haven't had much of a talk about energy policy. >> we do in the breaks. >> you don't watch tv because you're spending too much time reading. look at him. he's like the most adorable man ever. he asks a thoughtfu

now, mary armstrong is not pushing lincoln's arm into the emancipation proclamation, in texas no means birthplace in texas. there's an active slave trade going on, that's what made her move such a risk. and it crystallizes what's important to her, how she thinks of what she's going to do with her freedom. mary armstrong spread the power. she took her free self into the deep south during a war over slavery. the camp she had was not like other refugee camps in union lines, but it was a gathering place, a place of exchanging information. it was a place of making, of building. it's a place where people found their family. so mary armstrong put morton, texas on the map. so this is a map of the refugee camps of the american civil war. this is something i've created with a database and some geo coding and gis software. i've mapped 244 camps. if you were to include the least plantations, it would be about 562. you're looking at somewhere between 800,000 to a million slaves on the move coming in to these camps. some of these camps are union run, some of these freed slaves built themselves. so l

mary surrat. her son john became friends part of the conspiracy to assassinate abraham lincoln. after the assassination at ford theater, booth with a broken ankle hopped on a horse and made it here to pick up a weapon to help him with his escape. amazing history. but you know we did talk to people in this town today telling us, they are telling us they are focused on the present and the fut j.c. probably knows clinton as well as anybody. she spruced up the neighboring watering hole known in the heart of town. says it's one reason he will never leave. >> the people are very friendly. very open. enjoying them. brad: hardware store owner explain a lot of people here have deep roots like his store. it originally opened up in my father took the business and moved here in 1979. brad: like the store, the surrat house and the miller farms with the fall mums and pumpkins, clinton hardware is a clinton landmark. he like many here worries about the future. >> as a business owner i want what is best for the small businesses of our community and our country. brad: j.c. williams says he hears

lincoln mkz for $349 a month ?? ?? ?? ?? ? footloose kick off the sunday shoes ? ? owhee marie ? >> jimmy: that is kenny loggins. sitting in with the cletones. kenny has a new children's book called, "footloose." it came out how many years ago? >> 30 years ago? >> jimmy: it took you this long to write this book? >> it's a different story. this is not your mother's "footloose." this is a new version. i decided to have it be about the animals that come out of the zoo at night with the zookeeper. and they go back in in the morning. it's really for kids. >> spoiler alert, kenny, come on now. [ laughter ] buy this book so kenny can buy a tonight, from the forthcoming marvel movie "dr. strange," tilda swinton is here. then, their latest album is "vhs 2.0," x ambassadors with tom morello from the crown royal outdoor stage. tomorrow night, we're live after presidential debate, with gal gadot, libertarian candidate for president gary johnson, ken bone will be live in las vegas and i'm going to chat with kids about the debate, to get that's live tomorrow night. our first guest is the most famous person ever to hang on the

lincoln bedroom. people could come to this and that. you are expressing an opportunity for change simply likelihood ofore accountability from the community? mary: might not vote for you next time. africano you expect americans or other communities of color will held her more accountable? mary: they will notice more what she does and she will worry more accu. keepill worry, i have to these people. that is what the sleeping in the bedroom and coming to parties is about. [laughter] keith: there is another issue, explicitly political. the lame-duck session of congress. after november 8, we have until jenn my 20th when there are a number of issues. tpp, the supreme court nomination of garland. some sort of presidential directive, articulation of drone policy. a lot of these issues affect social justice concerns or people of color. what pressure can people in our communities put on whoever the incumbent president is to focus of issues of our concern? or the current outgoing president, president obama, during this interim time? you mentioned a number of them. paul ryan has a criminal justice reform bill he is hoping to get through the house. it is so

lincoln bedroom. people could come to this and that. you are expressing an opportunity for change simply likelihood ofore accountability from the community? mary: might not vote for you next time. africano you expect americans or other communities of color will held her more accountable? mary: they will notice more what she does and she will worry more accu. keepill worry, i have to these people. that is what the sleeping in the bedroom and coming to parties is about. [laughter] keith: there is another issue, explicitly political. the lame-duck session of congress. after november 8, we have until jenn my 20th when there are a number of issues. tpp, the supreme court nomination of garland. some sort of presidential directive, articulation of drone policy. a lot of these issues affect social justice concerns or people of color. what pressure can people in our communities put on whoever the incumbent president is to focus of issues of our concern? or the current outgoing president, president obama, during this interim time? you mentioned a number of them. paul ryan has a criminal justice reform bill he is hoping to get through the house. it is so