lincoln and mary was to force stevens. one moment the confederate's aunts came within 110 yards. loosely, lincoln wearing a stovepipe hat that made him look at -- seven feet hive climb right up onto the parapet. some confederate snipers started firing at him. miss him, but wounded an officer with the ricochet. this is the only time in american president has been under and we fire while serving in office. there are some fascinating eyewitness accounts. the best come from the -- wrote, some of our boys told him lincoln was seen, recognized, and fired at. when lincoln was shot at, the colonel told him, get down you will. young colonel new he was shouting at his commander-in-chief. this was oliver wendell holmes junior, the future great supreme justice. as lincoln and mary left before, the president termed -- left, he looked at homes and said goodbye colonel holmes. i'm glad you know how to talk to a civilian. . cutting into the can veterans he on the western side, he was thrown back to kennesaw mountain. that will coincide with the half true room or. in other public was increasingly

and weren't important documents and maybe didn't destroy them all. >> we know the burn pile of mary lincoln, burning correspondence and her papers as they moved to the presidency. did lincoln participate in the burn pile? on the other hand, there are, there's evidence which i show in the book where lincoln writes a note in the 1840's and brings it out in 1861. so here is an example how lincoln saved these notes. as i suggest, i think he wrote hundreds and hundreds of notes. like you and i we wouldn't save them all. ungrateful we have 111 i wish we had 311. there's no evident that robert did or did not, but i think perhaps we would presume he did. >> and mary saved one. >> this is the one she gave to myra badwell when she was released from the asylum, yes, she gave that note to myra bradwell. >> i would not be a slave, i would not be a master. >> one of the most important. and mary kept it and maybe felt she was part of that, that she-- >> well, i suggest that, yes. >> we have bill shepherd watching from here in illinois and bill simply wants to know, does the book contain all of the fragmen

after abigail, we didn't see support for african americans' until mary todd lincoln. mary grew up in a family of slaves she personally saw the evils of slavery and some of her some of her relatives did free their slaves. her letters. don't outright speak to her support of racial equality, but what her papers do show is that she demonstrated support for emancipation? mary was vilified by both the south for having been a southerner who defected to the north and by the north that didn't trust her but her loyalties were definitely to the union cause and in a larger sense, but also too the emancipated men and women who would face very difficult times as they went from being enslaved to free to free people. during the white house years her dressmaker elizabeth keckley who was a free black woman made her aware of the plight of individuals who had run away from the south during the civil war specially after the emancipation proclamation and married personally contributed her funds to the contraband relief association to help these men and women settle into their new lives. mar

mary lincoln of course was at the white house at a tragic time. the civil war.he had families betting on one side. her husband resided over the other side, it was very, very difficult for her. but she came to washington, she spent a lot on clothes, she really thought that she could be a social figure. it didn't turn out so. well but we certainly know about her. and of course julia grant also comes from a family superior to her has been's family and had a certain confidence, even though people sometimes criticized her looks she did not care. it was a confidence. of course, the grants had a very attractive family so people latched on to their kids. they want to know what they were doing. how they were doing. so those three first ladies to stand out as exceptions. >> in the 20th century, there was the development of the office of the first lady, and gradually, first ladies started to hire staff and take on more public role. so when did this shift occur and what were some of the changes that took place? >> i would date it to theodore roosevelt in 1901. certainly, ot

now there are three notable exceptions in this time period sarah polk, mary todd lincoln and julia grant. he tells us about those three first ladies. yes, they interested me a lot because they did stand out while most people cannot name a single. president's wife around them those three everybody pretty much knows and i just well i have to say that the reason i got interested in doing this book an editor and suggested. i write a book about first ladies and i said i wasn't interested in writing about women who became famous just because of the men they married and she said well, i wanted something more substantial and i started reading short bios of the first ladies and i could see that a pattern emerged immediately almost all of them married down that is they married men from economic positions their families were less well off economically many of the women were better educated than their husbands. so while i could see why the men would marry up why ambitious men would marry up i wanted to see why the women married down and one of the things that comes through in these these three cases

mary todd was at least as sophisticated about politics as lincoln was. mary todd grew up in kentucky near the home of henry clay, the hero statesman for lincoln. she was a friend of clay. she was an aristocrat. lincoln, in marrying mary todd made a very wise political decision. mary todd advised lincoln in every step of his rise through politics. so, without their wives, i think the potential for them rising up would have been very slim. the first time that douglas ever refers to lincoln's in 1847. douglas has moved to rochester, new york and is now a newspaperman, already the most famous black man in the country, virtually a household name. he becomes famous overnight because his autobiography, which is a bestseller, similar to obama. he writes about lincoln in the context of lincoln's term in congress. douglas refers to lincoln as part of a rogues gallery of congressmen who oppose a bill of to abolish slavery in washington dc. why does lincoln oppose this bill? because it deviates from lincoln's vision for ending slavery. lincoln hated slavery. he said

have one book coming out in june which is called an american marriage the untold story of mary abraham lincoln and mary todd. and then in october i have another book coming out called emphatically the black man's president abraham lincoln and racially quality. so it's from the latter book that i wish to share a chapter. and the title by the way, emphatically the back black man's president comes from a eulogy. that frederick douglass delivered on june 1st 1865 for lincoln he delivered it in cooper union. perhaps the premiere spot to give a public oration in the united states. and in that speech he said abraham lincoln was emphatically the black man's president. the first to rise above his the prejudice of his time and his country. by inviting me frederick douglass to the white house to consult on public affairs. he was saying i am the president of the black people as well as the white people and i mean to honor their rights as men and citizens. now this speech is not very well known there's it's not in any of the anthologies of douglas speeches including the five-volume set that the yale univer

mary's church in lincoln, alabama. he retired in february, 2019 i think you have a new definition of retire. the second is miss joy cheney, their director for the washington bureau and senior vice president for policy and advocacy of the national urban league. miss cheney as a domestic legal policy expert, clinical strategist, and former chief of staff serving kirsten gillibrand of new york. as senior policy counsel is an e view -- equal rights advocate. she held senior roles in the obama administration where she served as chair of the u.s. equal employment opportunity commission. mr. thomas warrick is a director of the future of the dhs project and a nonresident senior fellow with the center for strategy and security. prior to joining the atlantic council in august 2008 until june, 20 19 he was a deputy as a secretary for counterterrorism policy at the department of homeland security and a career member of the senior executive service. he was a lawyer and private practice for 17 years representing the company in the m

he retired from after 30 years and he also served as achur seniorch i past sainthe retir mary baptist chur lincolnabama, before retiring in february 2019 and df being ret appointed pastor emer. y a new definition of retired. the second is miss joy cheney, she is director for the washington bureau and senior vice president for policy and advocacy of the national urban league. miss cheney is a domestic legal policy expert, clinical strategist and former chief of staff to senator kirsten gillibrand of new york. she has served as director and as senior policy counsel had equal rights advocates. she held senior roles in the obama administration where she served as chair of the u.s. equal employment opportunity commission. mr. tom warrick is the director of the future of the dhs project and a nonresident senior fellow with the center for strategy and security. and the middle east programs group at the atlantic council. prior to joining the atlantic council from august, 2008 to june, 2019, he was a deputy assistant secretary for counter-terrorism policies at the department of homeland security and a care

mary missionary baptist church inma lincoln, alabama 435 years before retiring in february 2019 and being appointed pastor emeritus. i thank you have a definition of retire. ... career member of the senior executive service. he was a lawyer and private practice for 17 years representing the company in the middle east and elsewhere. finally, mr. jeffrey neil is the founder and principal of chief hro llc. he was previously a senior vice president prover to drop -- prior to joining icf you was with the department of homeland security. mr. neal serves as a fellow director and former board chair for the national academy of the public administration served as an advisor to government executives with a partnership for public service. statements will indeed be inserted in the record. i will ask each of the witnesses to summarize his or her statements for five minutes beginning with dr. kelly. >> thank you, chairwoman. on behalf of the more than 41,000 transportation and security officers, i appreciate the opportunity. right we strongly support hr 903, the rights for tsa workers act. for 19 years,

mary todd whose very sprightly, intelligent. legally savvy, new henry clay, corrupt with that full cultural and louisville, kentucky. a fellow kentuckian and lincoln was very awkward socially for some reason unless he was given a. things didn't go well at first they brokend then off and he was horribly depressed and his friend joshua took away his razor and he wouldn't come out of his bed and it was terrible and somebody would insult him and there was a challenge and fortunately 19th century duals were complex affairs, you could apologize or somebody could piece so he didn't fight it and there was a good thing. if we lost lincoln, i t can't imagine what this country would be t like. good question. >> here's an interesting one, if you could pick one thing to spend infrastructure money on today, what would it be. >> that's easy for me, it would be healthcare because one of the things they discovered in writing the book backwards is that there are massive inequities in terms of healthcare coverage between communities ofse color and the rest of the country, it is an evenly divided, i live in a county north of thehe city where we have a plethora of goo

lincoln had some issues with depression. one of his sweethearts died, that was ann rutledge. madly in love with her she dies and he is bereft. he gets very depressed. there is a maryhe meets mary todd who was very sprightly intelligent, politically savvy. new henry clay. grew up with that whole culture and that louisville, kentucky. : : : >> . >> that that's what happened. he did not fight the dual if we would have lost lincoln i cannot imagine what this country would be like. good question. thank you. >> if you could one thing to spend infrastructure money on what would it be quick. >> that's easy for me. that would be healthcare. because one of the things i discovered in writing the book backwards is there are massive inequities in terms of healthcare coverage with communities of color and the rest of the country. it is very and evenly divided in a county north of the city we have a plethora of really good hospitals but the south side of chicago is not the case there struggling to stay opens why was been the many to say how do they have a broad-based plan everybody gets decent basic healthcare. we need to come up with something as the covid crisis exposes these

that mary walker's portrait is eventually comes to comes to it's rightful place in the portrait museum. okay. william seward known for purchasing alaska, he really should be known for running lincoln'sspy operations in europe during the second world during the the civil war. he had agents all across europe and one of the successes he had was essentially having an agent co-op the principal newspaper in belgium to then print pro pro union. stories in it in its newspaper and thereby promote the union cause lincoln or seward was a top was a target one of the three targets of the booth assassination plot lincoln. the lincoln was the vice president johnson and seward seward. when he was attacked when he was attacked, he was a stabbing attempt and bloody loud scuffle at at his home his two sons were also attack by louis powell powell. thought he had killed the secretary. in fact, he had not powell got out of the house, but then didn't know washington was lost wandered around for three days before he was captured and and eventually executed but but seward survived and the the survival of seward. during from that attack was probably another one of the reasons that it did not it did not succe