. >> host: the professor at the massachusetts institute of technology and he is our guest this week on "the communicators." professor, but a recent article in "science" magazine, and you start that article by saying to what extent a democratic elections vulnerable to social media manipulation? what's the short answer? >> guest: the short answer to the question is that we don't know. so robert mueller who is possibly the most understated man in washington, has said election manipulation is among the most serious challenges to the democracy history and his entire career. fbi director christopher wray says the threat is just escalating. what we know is facebook, facebook one of 26 million people exposed to russian manipulation attempts and the 2016 election. 20 million on instagram, 10 million tweets on twitter, 6 million followers. we know russia attacked voting systems in all 50 states. we know they targeted misinformation at specific people and we know 27% of voting aged americans some russian misinformation in the final weeks leading up to the election. that's what we know what we don

at thes a professor institute for data systems and society at the massachusetts institute of technologyhe is also a professor of management there. repressor, if you could know, would you go back and a fine again differential privacy? privacy is aal technique from computer science that anonymize is individual so it cannot be backwards created. you cannot discover who the person was in a data set of individual level data from the data that you have. and it is a set of techniques that guarantee with some confidence the inability for the possessor of the information to figure out what any individual identity is >>. is it your goal to explore what happened in 2016 or to prevent it from happening in 2020? >> we are much more interested in preventing it happening in the future but i think that what we need to understand is that we have a broad comprehensive and sweeping instants of manipulation in 2016 that is right for a study -- right for for a study. understanding how it was done in the past will help us prevent it from happening in the future. the goal is to prevent it from happening again

you know our chomsky is a professor at the massachusetts institute of to current chair and a prominent critic of to know what i say. i. must be very busy i suppose. as you can say. ok. for emotional status something in the same minute is speaking of the seventy's. when the beginnings of concern was environment began to be raised among the general population so of course our systems after it's founded triumph is they're going to maintain their control some but a lot is the power of corporates today build on our power is based on their control of capital on their control of investment decisions. that are massive influence on government which derives from the private eye or that basically the nature of state capitalism but it's extended on the ground under the neo liberal policies of the last generation which are sharply with us for that and we have all those companies telling you that they only have sustainable products that there exist extraordinary fair and doing their best and the christian is how do we need to deal with green eyes directly is that the proposals. it may be worthwhile

host: proffesor aral is a professor at the institute for data systems and society at the massachusetts institute of technology. he's also a professor of management they are. professor, if you could would you go back and define again differential privacy. >> guest: differential privacy is a technique from computer science that anonymize his individual level data such that it can't be backwards created and you can't discover who the person was in a data set of individual level data from the data that you have. it is a a set of techniques that guarantees with some confidence the inability for the possessor of the input information to figure out what any individual identity is. >> host: is it your goal to explore what happen or prevent that from happening in 2020? >> guest: we are much more interested in preventing it from happening in the future but i think that what we need to understand is that we have a broad conveyance of an sweeping instance of manipulation in 2016 that is ripe for study. in other words to understand how it was done in the past will help us to understand how we can prevented i

interesting in rwanda golly scientists are testing a new system custom built at the massachusetts institute of technology. called medusa the instrument is capable of filtering minute amounts of gas out of the air. hose on depleting substances like c.f.c.'s on the interest very small they're also present in much smaller quantities than oxygen and nitrogen for example. image you serve removes the biggest components of air making it possible to measure c f c's under the greenhouse gases the instrument will soon be moving elsewhere. in the future you want to more of the summit of mount fence and you can see it so that the summit is hidden in the clouds but it's a 4500 meters high so it's a very nice place to being. wrong. and to be ready for that it will. just have to deal with a lot. from not lofty height medusa will continue to trace and measure more than 50 greenhouse gases. time for our recorders to add a few extra layers of clothing. minus 6 degrees celsius my fingers are freezing it would say you could only survive a few minutes without protective clothing what are you doing is strictly h

. >> host: the professor at the massachusetts institute of technology and he is our

. >> host: he's a professor at the institute for data systems and society at the massachusetts institute of technology and also a professor of management there and professor if you could would you go back and define again differential diversey? >> guest: differential privacy is a technique from computer science that anonymous sizes data but cannot be backwards create and you can't discover who the person was in a data set of individual level data from the data it is a set of techniques that guarantee with some confidence the inability for the possessor of information to figure out what any individual identity is. >> host: is it your goal to explore what happened in 2016 or to prevent it from happening in 2020? >> guest: we are much more interested in preventing happening in the future but i think what we need to understand is that we have a broad conveyance of an sweeping instance in 2016 that is right for study and to understand how it was done in the past will help us to prevent it in the future and i think that the goal is to prevent it from happening again. it is not about doing a re

which wasn't identified by name but most likely was mit or massachusetts institute of technology. >> host: interesting. military might. we've touched upon a number of areas, but let's go to military might. clearly the chinese are investing in their navy and also many countries in the region have been very concerned about what they've been witnessing in terms of the island of the south china sea islands disputes. but also about the investment, the significant investment in the military. where is it now and how would you describe it? >> i touched on this a little bit earlier that chinese military threat comes in two forms of the conventiona conventional/unconventional warfare and the nuclear. >> host: and you did mention the nuclear. >> guest: they've developed a new array of systems. i remember way back many years ago that the chinese through a spy case in california stole details on the system that is a huge radar that is the heart of the modern navy and baseball bat and combined it with chinese and russian technology and now they are cranking out hundreds of warshi

a professor at the massachusetts institute of technology. you had a recent article in science magazine, and you start that article by saying, to what extent are drum -- democratic elections vulnerable to social media manipulation? what is the short answer to that question? guest: the short answer to that question is we don't know. robert mueller, possibly the most understated man in washington, has said election manipulation is among one of most serious challenges to democracy he has seen. the fbi director says the threat is escalating. what we know is that on facebook, 120 6 million people were exposed to russian manipulation attempts in the 2016 election. 20 million people on instagram, 10 million tweets on twitter to 6 million followers. we know russia attacked voting systems in all 50 states. we know they targeted misinformation at certain people. we know 27% of voting age americans saw a russian misinformation in the final weeks leading up to the election. that is what we know. what we don't know is what effect, if any, any of this had

this, number six, great video, people loving this, little robots who have been made by the massachusetts instituteo backflips, this is the best bit, i am hoping we are going to see this. look, playing football. they are there for research purposes but the hope is when they fine tune them they will be able to go, look at that! i will be able to go, look at that! i will be able to go, look at that! i will be able to go into risky situations, the only thing i thought about that if you've seen black mirror, metal head,it if you've seen black mirror, metal head, it was slightly triggering me, look and you will see what i mean, very similar. some rather more sinister little pots in that programme! but worth a look. another quick piece of breaking news. the financial times, we are hearing that lionel barber has stood down as the editor. as you can see, the new editor. as you can see, the new editor appointed. i think we are right in saying the first female editorfor right in saying the first female editor for the financial times. that news just coming editor for the financial times. that newsjust coming

. >>> researchers at the massachusetts institute of technology are making headlines for a small army the mini cheetah robots. according to mit, the robots weigh about 20 pounds. researchers say they are virtually indestructible. tony dokoupil. don't expect them to hit shelves any time soon. and my -- >> terrifying -- >> a tool for researchers. >> research for what? people keep saying they're cute. they are not cute when they're coming in your window at 3:00 a.m. >> like an army. >> our producers gold me they're really cute. i can imagine the eyes being red. attacking me. >> the picture is like, here's eight guys in all black, holding -- remote controls. i mean, my gosh. >> crazy. >> they have -- they're powered by 12 motors. they reportedly have physical intelligence. >> they are our future. we salute, robots. >> coming up, jon bon jovi. plus, with most insurance a safelite repair is no cost to you. >> customer: really?! >> singers: safelite repair, safelite replace. a lot will happen in your life. wrinkles just won't. neutrogena® rapid wrinkle repair's derm-proven retinol works so f

in fact, according to a poll of workers across the country conducted by the massachusetts institute of technology, 48% of nonunion workers say they would vote to join the union if given the opportunity. aggressive employer opposition to unions and relentless political attacks have dismantled workers' rights to organize. to that point, the pro act would deter employers from violating workers' rights to form a union in five key ways. first, the pro act put some teeth into the law by authorizing civil monetary penalties for companies that inflict serious economic harm on employees by violating the national labor relations act, in doing things such as firing union supporters for engaging in protected activities. in this would update the current law which provide noes civil penalties today for employers who violate the nlra, leaving no meaningful deterrent for employers who choose to violate workers' rights. second, the pr -- p.r.o. act would streamline procedures and guarantee swift remedies for workers. currently if workers prove that they were unlawfully fired for organizing, they may ha

i am with that educational justice institute at mit providing college education in prisons in massachusetts and i went to ask about i'm sure you know we incarcerate more people in this country than any other country in the world with recidivism rates hovering around 60%. they are all coming back, so i have lots of proposals but i'm interested in what you had to say about criminal justice reform. >> a couple things, first. thank you for what you are doing. we do have you know i refer to government by slogans earlier. you know, three strikes and you're ou' sounds clever, but it's a failed policy. it's not the only example, but it's a failed policy and i so we had as you noted-- we have warehoused generation. mostly of black men, but not as you know of black men and then we compound it by you know-- first of all understanding that 97% i think it is, 95% come out one day, understanding that we still compound the ability to come out and rejoin productive life. it's a host of things. its education and training while you are in, preparation for coming back out, but then you can't get public housin

institute at m.i.t.. we provide college education in massachusetts. sure you know we incarcerate more people in this country than any other country in the world. we are putting lots of people away and they are all coming sure you know we incarcerate more people in thisback. i applaud some proposals, but i am adjusted and what you have to say. >> a couple things. thank you for what you're doing. i refer to government by slogan earlier. oute strikes and you're sounds clever. it's a failed policy. it is not the only example. it's a failed policy. we have warehoused an entire generation of people. mostly black men. not exclusively, as you know, a black man. by, first ofounded all, understanding that 97%, 95% come out one day. understanding that, we still compound the ability to come out and rejoin productive life. preparation for coming back out, then you can't get public housing or benefits in some places. the things you need to get on your feet, and because we stripped so much of that out of programs inside and out of programs outside, it should not sur

institute at m.i.t.. we provide college education in massachusetts. i'm sure you know we incarcerate more people in this country than any other country in the world. we are putting lots of people away and they are all coming back. i applaud some proposals, but i am adjusted and what you have to say. >> a couple things. thank you for what you are doing. government i slogan earlier. three strikes and you're out sounds clever, but it a failed policy. example, but only it is a failed policy. generation,housed a mostly of black men, but not exclusively, and then we by understanding that 97% or 95% come out one day, understanding that. we still compound the ability to come out and rejoin productive life. out.ration for coming back you cannot get public housing or benefits in some places, the things that you need to get back up on your feet. because we strip so much of that it should nots, surprise us that people come out feeling more dangerous than they went in and that there is recidivism because there is nowhere else to turn. people do dangerous and despe

i'm lee pearlman with the educational justice institute at mit, we provide college educations in prisons in massachusettsand i want to ask you about -- i'm sure you know that we incarcerate more people in this country than any other country in the world, our recidivism rate, they're all coming back. so i have lots of proposals, but i'm interested in what you have to say about criminal justice reform. >> just a couple of things first, mr. pearlman. thank you for what you're doing. we do have a -- you know, i refer to governor by slogan earlier. you know, three strikes and you're out sounds clever, but it's a failed policy. it's not the only example, but it's a failed policy and so you know, we have, as you noted, we've warehoused a generation. mostly of black men, but not exclusively, as you know, of black men, and then we compound it by, you know, first of all, understanding that 97%, i think it is, 95%, come out one day, understanding that we still compound the ability to come out and rejoin productive life. it's a host of thing. it's education and training while you're in, preparation for coming back o

institute of policy studies. he was driving his car to work. he lived in that direction. he came down embassy row, massachusetts avenue, lined with several embassies. the car with him were two ronni in the car with him were two ips, ronnifrom moffitt and her husband michael moffitt. they turned the corner here and unbeknownst to them, following them was a gray sedan. in that gray sedan were two cuban-americans who had helped put a bomb underneath the the driver's seat in the chevelle orlando letelier was driving. the order was given by the secret police of chile, ruled at augusto by a custo a pinochet, a dictator who did not like the political activity that orlando letelier, a former ambassador to the united states from chile, was taking on in washington, so we know now that it was the dictator who ordered the secret police to assassinate him, so they did this partly through an american chilean, who came to washington, built a bomb with these cuban-americans, and they put it under the car of letelier. they thought he would be alone. he ended up having two american citizens with him. the car turned over here and

[applause] ♪ >> >> former massachusetts governor patrick will speak in manchester, new hampshire. it's hosted by the new hampshire institutepolitics. c-spanverage begins on 2. campaign 2020 is with president trump tuesday as he holds a campaign rally in florida. first since changing his residency. live coverage on c-span. >> the ethics watchdog group american oversight published 100 pages of previously unreleased state department documents, including some that show a paper trail of phone calls between mike pompeo and rudy giuliani. these phone calls came about a month after the ukrainian ambassador was removed from her post. in the intelligence committee hearing, undersecretary of state david hale testified on his knowledge of these phone calls taking place. we will show you that hearing next. him wasng alongside deputy assistant secretary of defense for

the public policy institute of california just released a poll of likely voters that shows former vice president joe biden and massachusetts senator elizabeth warren lead with 24 and 23 percent respectively. senator bernie sanders is at 17 percent, and kamala harris is at 8 percent, just ahead of indiana mayor pete buttigieg and entrepreneur andrew yang. her campaign recently laid off several dozen staff members as part of a reorganization effort to focus on the iowa caucus. only 37 percent of adults across california have a great deal or quite a lot of confidence in pg&e's wildfire prevention shut offs. that number plummets to 25 percent in the bay area where resident residents with dealt with multiple shut offs the last 2 months. >>> and there's a fight over fuel efficiency standards. starting in january california will stop buying new vehicles from general motors, fiat, toyota, and chrysler who have supported the president's efforts to strip california's authority to enforce stricter emissions standards. no comment from fiat, chrysler, and toyota. meantime ford, honda, volkswagen, and bmw are siding with california in t

institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org] campaign 2020 has live coverage of upcoming presidential campaign events. on monday, democratic presidential candidate and former massachusetts governor deval patrick will speak at the politics and eggs breakfast in manchester, new hampshire. on tuesday, at 7:00 p.m. eastern on c-span, president trump a campaign rally in sunrise, florida. his first there since changing his residency from new york to florida in late october of coverage on c-span and c-span2. watch online at c-span.org or listen on the go with the free c-span radio app. >> on tuesday, how speaker pelosi led a portrait unveiling honoring former speaker john boehner who announced he would step down in september 2015. his resignation took place the following month, day after pope francis addressed congress. this is 40 minutes. >> ladies and gentlemen, the honorable nancy pelosi >> ladies and gentlemen, speaker nancy pelosi. it is my official and personal honor to welcome friends of speaker john boehner to the u.s. capitol on this historic day. the presence of members from both sides of the aisle, both sides of the capital is a testament to the respect that all hav

massachusetts governor deval patrick entered the 2020 presidential campaign on november 14 and wasn't fired to new hampshire to speak at the politics and eggs breakfast hosted by the united states and the neptune institute of politics. a traditional stop for presidential candidates. he talked about why he was running for the democratic nomination so late into the process and how blind his policy position. first he greeted many of the attendees. [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations]

institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org] campaign 2020 has live coverage of upcoming presidential campaign events. on monday, democratic presidential candidate and former massachusettsnor deval patrick will speak at the politics and eggs breakfast in manchester, new hampshire. on tuesday, at 7:00 p.m. eastern on c-span, president trump a campaign rally in sunrise, florida. his first there since changing his residency from new york to florida in late october of coverage on c-span and c-span2

2020 presidential candidate and former massachusetts governor deval patrick speak in manchester, new hampshire. by the new england council and the new hampshire institute of politics. live coverage begins at 8:30 a.m. eastern on c-span two. >> the hudson institute holds a discussion on international organizations and the relevance of multilateral institutions like the united nations, the wto and the world bank. c-span.org or listen live with the free c-span radio app. >> this morning on washington journal a round table discussion on campaign 2020 and impeachment with campaign workshop founder joe fuld and republican pollster jim hobart

massachusetts say no, we are going to govern ourselves. i can can't give you a date but somewhere between the early 17th century in 1776 we do have and american nation that has governed itself with institutionst's own morays and ways of thinking separated by a vast ocean from england for about 100 years. i don't think you get to revolution if that wasn't the case. the revolution was about vindicating the rights of that nation. >> resist the notion that america is an idea in a general sense that it's defined by way of thinking about itself and political rights more than it is to find by a place or language or ethnicity or the other things that hold nations together. you are describing people unified by certain ways of thinking. >> that's a good point and i don't want to give you the misimpression of saying that ideals and how you think are not important. i was make the case one how you think is caught up in your culture. culture is seeded with ideas so what i say in the book is if the united states had been settled by russians and you give them all a copy of the second treaty and mandate that they all read it every single night he still wouldn't have gotten anything close as the american foun

massachusetts. when i saw this opportunity to help build a new business in a major institutional investment firm whereetting it for employees, and modelling it was a false trade all along. >> right. >> all along, to have to trade return for impact. that is an opportunity to make a change that goes well beyond our fund, but helps to change the narrative in business and the notion of what is responsible capitalism. >> governor patrick, it is willie geist. good to see you this morning. >> hi, willie. good morning. >> you said in your first interview yesterday, you said, we've got a field of candidates who i respect -- to paraphrase what you said -- but it seems to be nostalgia sundays, in your words, and then the candidates on the other side who say it is my way or the highway, most people read it as bernie sanders first and elizabeth warren second. you said, i always felt that joe biden's support is soft, it feels it is contracting rather than expanding. what specific weakness do you see in vice president biden's candidacy? >> it is a fair question and one i anticipated, but i don't want to be about the

massachusetts see no, we govern ourselves. and i can't give you a date but somewhere between the early 17th century in 1776, we do have an american nation is governing itself and has its own institutionsand stone ways of thinking. they are separated by a vast section of england for your about a hundred years. i don't say you get the evolution that was the case the revolution was about syndicating of the rights of that nation. host: 20 recess recess than the notion that america is an idea that is defined by the way of thinking by itself about political life. more than it is defined by a place or language rs necessity, or other things that holds other nations together, you are describing people unified by certain ways of thinking. rich: i say that's a good. i don't want to give you a misimpression that staying ideals or how you say has brought important. i would just make the case that how you say is caught up in your culture. and culture is seated with ideas. who it's in the book is if we were in the united states, and it has been settled by russians, and you give them all kind of a he of the second treaties, and you mandated that they all read it like every single night, it still woul

primary field, massachusetts -- former massachusetts governor patrick speaking at the politics event in manchester hosted by the new england council and new hampshire institutepolitics. coverage begins at 8:30 a.m. eastern. c-span -- c-span2 on c-span2, c-span.org, and the free c-span radio app. >> we hope you tune in and find out what the democrats are saying after their debate. the next debate is in december, hosted by pbs. saying my from sal mind has not changed. the president has to go. trump republicans don't have an argument, they are just screaming for air. you can follow all of our campaign coverage on our website, c-span.org. diane from lisbon, new york. you are calling on a phone line that shows you are unsure. explain. caller: i agree with ms. hill that we need to come together as a country, so though i don't like a lot of trump's behavior, i wanted to keep an open mind to decide this, and i would really like it to be fully transparent. i'm upset with the republicans saying we can't call. i'm wondering why people are upset the demonstration is blocked. to put their administration was a call by ambassador sondland who said they were involved, and a