according to mcintyre, frederick nietzsche exposed this modern tradition of freedom and he showed that it inevitably deteriorates into nihilism. but argued mcintyre somehow his criticisms didn't reach the thinking of premodern figures and most notably aristotle and that tradition. therefore argued mcintyre our choice was stark. frederick nietzsche and nihilism or this in the futures -- futures -- virtues. most choose aristotle and in practice that meant this aristotle tradition which is the synthesis of aristotle and christianity. again that outline of the history of political philosophy should sound familiar especially to those of you following contemporary debates and the views of the post- liberals. now. i want to assert and i can only be brief that mcintyre's analysis was wrong and all major respects. i do say that as somebody who great the admirers alastair mcintyre whom i admire more than almost any other thinker but nonetheless i believe he was wrong about frederick nietzsche, aristotle and the modern liberal tradition. here i can mostly only assert these claims and sketch what

now according to mcintyre nietzsche exposed the incoherence of this modern traditional freedom and nietzsche showed the modern tradition of freedom and inevitably deteriorate into nihilism. but argued mcintyre somehow his criticism did not reach the thinking of premodern figures most notably eras doddle and the aristotelian tradition therefore argued mcintyre our choice was a stark one. nietzsche and nihilism are the aristotelian tradition and the virtues. faced with that stark choice people would choose a course aristotle who practiced the aristotelian tradition which includes aquinas synthesis of aristotle and christianity. again that outlined at the history of political philosophy should sound familiar especially to those of you who follow contemporary debates and abuse of the post liberal. now, i want to assert and i'll be brief here of course that mcintyre's analysis was wrong in all major respects. i say that as someone who has, who greatly admires mcintyre for whom i've learned more than from almost any other thinker. nevertheless he was wrong about nietzsche wrong about aristotle and