i forgot to mentin biodiversity, a potentially large-scale extinction of species. some of these we can quantifyfy economicacally or wen try to. some of them we can't even qualify how important they are. what is the value of the earthth? well, it'ss infinitee because if we destroy the earth's environment, there is no plan "b." there is no planet "b" that we can go to. how do you put a cost on, you know, on the health of the environment? arguably you can't even do so. and in fact it's that principle that it's an infinite cost when we start talking about those sorts of scenarios that leads some people to, you know, conclude that the precautionary principle applies here, that the potential impapact of what we're doing is so potentially harmful to us, to other living things, to the planet that it's almost obvious that we need to mitigate this problem, that we need to take actions now to avert those catastrophic f futures, potentil futures. 8úxú [applause] nalini nadkarni: thanks. we bioneers hover at an epic moment of environmental destruction and environmental healing.