michael copley is a correspondent covering climate issues for npr. ael, thank you so much for joining us. some of these quotes that are in this report are very blunt. they might be shocking to some, but you've been covering these issues for a long time. were you surprised by anything that's in this new report? michael: yeah. i think what's in the report echoes a lot of what we've been seeing from previous investigations, and that is that the plastics industry push recycling as a solution. even though industry officials have known for a long time that it wasn't going to be viable at scale, or that they had serious doubts about its ability to be viable at scale. what we've seen is that they they really looked at recycling as a way to kind of fend off regulation and to keep selling more plastic. and so, we've known about that. i think it's always striking when you see a report like this that unearths new statements, new quotes. and to see the way in which they really seem to view recycling, as sort of, you know, a public relations tool as opposed to an e