for millennia i did not say 100 years, for millennia july temperatures were as much as seven degrees celsius warmer than what is called modern by the chairman of the geography department at ucla he looked at trees that have fallen into the tundra of a tree falls in the tender it is preserved because it is very acidic and it can be carbon dated you can see it extended days the tree line extended all the way to the arctic ocean representatives 100 miles south and extended into the arctic ocean because it was more shallow and a less expansive because of large areas of brandeis. we know how warm it has to be in the summer for the trees to be there. having said that had you get your ratio that warm? with you take a look at the map of the globe from the poll there's only one gateway to get all of that warm water into the arctic basin that is the greenland story you cannot go through the bering strait because of the peninsula, russia obstruct the flow. you cannot do it west because of the island. that means that more water several degrees warmer than modern and mcdonald's view had to be flo

, i did not say 100 years, for a millennia, july temperatures were as much as seven degrees celsius warmer than what is called modern by mcdonald the chairman of the geography department at ucla and he looked at trees that have fallen into the tundra. if it does it is preserved so it can be carbon dated and you can see that the tree line extended all the way to the arctic ocean. present era it is 100 miles south and in fact, extended into the arctic ocean because it was more shallow and less extensive because of the large areas of land ice and we know it has -- house last -- how borman has to be in the summer for the trees to be there. how do you get your ratio that warm? if you take a look at a map there is only one gateway to get all of that warm water into the arctic basin and that is the other agreements straight. you cannot go the bering strait because of the peninsula it cannot go west of greenland because of the island's so that means that warm water several degrees warmer than presence of modern had to have been flowing out by greenland for millennia and it did not shed its eyes. c

stability and democracy is the only way that china can escape from what we calls the tragic fate of two millennia of the cycle of chaos and order. >> you are watching public affairs programming on c-span. coming up next, the housing budget committee for the operations units. and after that president obama's speech in cairo. and minority leader on the hill. >> coming up on tomorrow's "washington journal," david makovsky of the washington institute will talk about president obama's middle east trip. "washington journal" begins each morning at 7 eastern. and later in the morning, we will get an update on the may employment numbers, live coverage begins at 9:30 eastern on c-span2. >> now a house hearing on the fiscal year 2010 budget on the military special units. this is about an hour. >> we can expect the members to drift in as we proceed. but want to be respectful of the admiral's time. and welcome, it's always a pleasure to see you up here, and certainly we appreciate the work you do for our country. i have an opening statement i will submit for the record. i briefly want to say how important spe

the only way, the professor said, that china can escape from what he calls "the tragic fate of two millennia of the cycle of alternating chaos and order." >> coming up and 30 minutes, we're joined by a representative from the washington institute for near east policy. .

climate change has affected the human condition for millennia. the one major challenge we have that our ancestors did not have is that there are now 7 billion of us on the planet. if jacob should take his family to israel to escape the drought, he would find 900 million people already living there and therefore the adjustments you might have been able to make to deal with climate change in the past centuries are perhaps not available to us. we have an outstanding panel of experts and witnesses available to us. i will withhold any kind of opening statement beyond that until we have heard from our witnesses, but recognize the senators in the order in which they have come. senator alexander from tennessee, for whatever comments you might have. >> thank you senator -- thank you, senator bennett. this is a hearing of the republican conference. we unanimously agree we want clean air. in a sense, the way to deal with that is through 100 new nuclear power plants. we hope a growing number of democratic colleagues will agree with us and the president will

say yes, we should pay attention to it, climate change has been affecting the human condition for millennia. ise one major challenge we have that our ancestors didn't have is that there are now seven billion of us on the planet and its jacob should take his family to israel to escape the drought eocause of climate change he would find ninety million people already living there, and therefore the adjustments you might have been able to make to deal with climate change in the past centuries are perhaps not available to us by. we have an outstanding panel of experts and witnesses available to us. mewill withhold any kind of opening statement beyond that until we have heard from our witnesses. but recognizing the senators in the order in which they have yome, senator alexander, for whatever comments you might have. >> i want to thank senator .ennett and senator bunting -- senator bob bunning, we unanimously agreed that we want clean air and the sensible way wer eal with fat is 100 nuclear power plants but we hope a deowing number of democratic colleagues will agree with us, le hope the presiden

was a woman so i was really way up in front for the nominees for writing the introduction to the millennia women's issue and it turned out though it was strange land although i had written a book about the millennium i have not written much about women in it. it with a very weird when i thought about looking back. i was obsessed with whether or not they have forks in the year 1,000 family did a lot of lists of best and worst of the last thousand years and looking back at the looking back the other day, and our worst wedding of the last thousand years since we are talking about weddings was in the 12th century in belgium when the bride, the blessed oda protested hurt loss of virginity by cutting off her nose in the middle of the ceremony. so a lot worse than being at the leftover table. [laughter] anyhow, i had not thought about women. i thought about blessed oda but not the trajectory of women. as i wrote this as a for this big humongous takeout we were doing, i really focused for the first time on the fact that the historic attitude toward women, towards the difference between the gender,

or, b, is it really true that this thing has not been uncovered for millennia or something going backice age? in a climate of extreme you don't bother. more importantly, apparently, no scientist chimes in and says, hey, wait a minute, it was warmer back in the early 20th century. you better check on that before you go with this story. well, how long did it take my assistant to find this book? not very long. published by a fellow -- written by a game named ernst hofer of 1957 with the intriguing title of "arctic riviera" and it was a book talking about how warm it is in eastern greenland. he did aerial photography. he assisted the expeditionary and scientific crews that would go out to greenland, you know, it's a lot clear up to go to greenland than it is to antarctica. you still see a lot of ice and it's real thick and you can do a lot of scientific work in greenland. well, anyway, so "arctic riviera" contained a map, which i would like to show to you. here's northeast greenland. if you read closely that's carls bad fjord and if you look closely, oh, my god, there's the three-fingered

jewish kings and governments were established in that area that is now israel several millennia ago. after untold years of jewish sovereignty based in jerusalem, the land of the jewish people fell repeatedly to invaders, the syrians, persians, greeks, romans. jews were massacred and expelled and departure for so many developed into an unparalleled diaspora. from the 15th century to the early 20th century, it was under control of a caliphate based in eus tan buell. during this time many jews trourpbd their ancestral homeland. the ottoman empire collapsed after world war i and there was a mandate over the area known as palestine. the league of nations endorse and clarified this mandate in 1922, requiring britain to reconstitute a jewish national home within the territory they control in accordance with the declaration made by british foreign secretary balfour in 1917 making the restoration of jewish communities in that area a matter of international law. by the time world war ii had ended, there were more than 600,000 jews living in the british mandate of palestine. in 1947 the united

it is in our dna, after all these millennia development of the human species. we want to be healthy. or body once the healthy. it is in our dna. what we have done is we have erected barriers to that. we make it easy to be unhealthy and hard to be healthy. it ought to be the other way around. dotsy be easy to be healthy and harder to be unhealthy. that is what we are attempting to do is to start to change the paradigm which is a nice fit to set word, so that we look up front first and start shifting more payments. we are going to have a lot of discussion and amendments on the investment trust fund. it is big, about $10 billion. well, if this whole bill comes down to a trillion dollars which is about 100 billion over ten years, we are talking about 10%. 10%. we are at about 3% now, about 3%, 45, some more and the neighborhood of all of our healthcare expenditures go for prevention and wellness out. we are just making a modest increase to 10%. obviously if i could devise a system, if i were a dictator something like that, i would say start a 10% in work up to 30 o