mr. bowen was a partner at a law firm and was also an intelligence officer in the united states air force, achieving the rank of captain. he holds a b.a. from the university of south. we welcome you back, sir. you've been with us before. mr. richard fontaine previously served as foreign policy advisor to senator john mccain for five years. during his tenure with senator mccain, mr. fontaine worked on foreign policy legislaon such as the 9/11 implement station report. he is a policy analyst in the asian affairs directory. prior to that, mr. fontaine worked with richard armitage. mr. fontaine holds a b.a. from tulane university. i want to thank all of you for being witnesses here today and for taking time out of your schedules. looks like i'll swear you in and we'll go down and vote. maybe we'll get one or two statements in before we head off. we're going to swear our witnesses in. please rise and raise your right has. do you solemnly swear or affirm to tell the truth, the whole truth and nothing