mr. herger and ranking member -- thank you, mr. r and ranking member stark, also special greetings to congressman price with whom i've had the privilege of working in the past. um, you have my written statement, and it's, i understand, going to be entered into the record. i'd like to begin with what i think is the central issue that divides those of us who are opposed to the premium support idea from those who are in favor of it. i think all of us recognize that there are reforms to the existing medicare program that could improve its operation. all of us would like to see cost competition play an enhanced role. all of us would like to see delivery system reforms that result in better quality and lower costs. and we hope they will work, but maybe they won't. if they don't, who bears the risk of costs rising faster than projections? under traditional medicare those risks are pooled broadly across the population and over time, across all americans. under premium support those risks are shouldered by medicare beneficiaries who will be