mr. garry kasparov. [applause] all right. before we get into the subject of your book and all of these interesting conversations around a.i. and how it's just absolutely revolutionizing our world, i'm going to start with russia. so -- [laughter] given the extraordinary political moment that we're many, can you just give us -- that we're in, can you just give us some insight in what it was like to be a dissident in putin-led russia and how that crackdown on democratic participation intensified. was it gradual? talk to us about how that happened. >> it's quite funny. eight months ago i was here in san francisco and just traveledded across the country promoting my previous book, "winter's coming" -- >> which we'll talk about also. >> which talk about vladimir putin. everyone wanted to ask me about ibm and deep blue. [laughter] so now i have a new book -- [laughter] and it's inescapable. but somehow it's probably the two summits are connected because a -- the two subjects are connected because a lot of russian stories are connect