some decisions made by mr. malik divided his country. one of the hard targets is iran, which has been a threat to stability in the middle east and the world. now we find conjecture and speculation that we need to work with iran to stabilize iraq. -- first, howe did we find ourselves in this position? is this the right course to follow? what have we learned the situation in iraq that we can apply to afghanistan in terms of their ability to defend themselves once we are gone? >> mr. chairman, i wish i was wise enough to sort all of that out for you and give you a clear, concise answer, but let me respond this way. first, on the comparison with afghanistan, it is my judgment that the two their little in comparison for many reasons. iraq, afghanistan is not internally, historically, ethnically, religiously. second, there are strong support in afghanistan today for america's continued, as well as nato isaf partners, presence both president saying they would sign a bilateral security group -- agreement. that aside, i think there are many diffe