mr. markopolos? >> i definitely concur. i was with the s.e.c., and the money -- >> so you support the proposal? >> yes. >> how about you, mr. walsh? >> absolutely. we are hiring more senior staff that can come in from the industry and bring their knowledge with them. i believe the proposal you are suggesting would really help us do that. >> you know on tapes that were revealed by the media today, here is what madoff said when he coached his employees coming in. you may have heard this. it is coming out today. he said to those who will be interviewed by the s.e.c., "you don't have to be too brilliant with these guys because you know they work for five years at the commission, and then they bime a -- become a compliance manager at the hedge fund." madoff's analysis, as crooked as he was, was correct in this area, right? >> certainly we would like to retain our best talent for as long as we can. turnover isn't always a bad thing. >> it depends who turns over. >> i worked in an office where furnishover -- turnover was a five- to

mr. markopolos, do you want to comment? >> yes. i think it's very hard to soar like an eagle when you're surrounded by turkeys and there's a lot of turkeys that need to be let go. >> mr. khuzami and walsh, you're saying there are many more eagles than turkeys. they just happene to miss this thing. >> >> most of the attorneys at the sec i don't think they could find steak at an outback. >> here's whai want to ask you mr. markopolos make sure there's a wall between walsh and khuzami because they seem like decent people and have very good reputations. do you think they're just doing this 'cause that's the job of somebody to defend their employees and maybe deep down inside them they realize there needs to be a whole lot more competence? >> i think it's the institution talking and not the men. i think there needs to be different compensation and it needs to be results-based and better salaries. if you pay peanuts and you shouldn't wonder why you end up with monkeys. you need to increase the salary and give these people the bonuses they

mr. markopolos. you said your three sons are watching at home. i want them to know what a great thing you did in reporting your belief there was fraud at this firm. when i first read your 21 -- 29 red flags report, you began it by asking for a confidentiality, very limited circulation of who you were because of concerns for your safety and the safety of your family. i think when you're taking on a multi-billion dollar enterprise, those concerns were very legitimate but you put the -- the interests of our nation and our finances first. took some perm risks and i applaud you for it. >> thank you, senator. >> i keep coming back to try to understand the cultural factor, because i simply can't believe that the capable -- folks coming out of even if they came relatively freshly out of college, weren't able to see the basic simple elements involved and sometimes, one gives the benefit of the doubt and in some cases, one gives the massive benefit of the doubt. there are cultural factors as it why that occurs

mr. markopolos, you may begin. >> thank you, mr. chairman. thank you ranking member, thank you numbers of the committee. i was approximately one third of the inspector general's 477 page report either directly or indirectly, so i can speak to that one thirdf the report. i did submit three different complaints to the sec in may 2000,arch of 2001 and in the fall of 2005. if the inspector general's report was falsified, inaccurate or a whitewash, i would be denouncing it before you today, but i find his report to be extremely accurate, exceptionally well written, phenomenally well researched. it is a very comprehensive. it is hard-hitting. it gets right to the fact of the matter. in a nutshell, the sec staff was not capable of finding ice cream at a dairy queen. but i never at any point in time saw any criminal act hippity by any member of the securities and exchange commission. i do not believe that such criminal activity occurred. i know that the inspector general was very comprehensive in his investigation. he went down all avenues. he was lo

mr. markopolos? >> no, sir, i'm done. >> anymore metaphors? >> no, sir. >> mr. khuzami or mr. walsh? no. >> i like metaphors, as people know. thank you for coming. and the hearing is closed. . as well as the potential side effects and consequences of cell phones news. live today at 2:00 eastern on c- span 3./ [captioning performed by national captioning institute] [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2009] >> this week on q&a, our guest is christopher caldwell. he is the author of a new book. >> i have always been really interested in immigration. in the late 1980's i started to get interested in latin america. i began to write about it in late 1989. i went to panama, and i thought this is a really great thing to do, i am so interested in this. then the berlin wall came down. editors were totally an administration -- on tenor has been -- uninterested. one way to cover this was by covering immigration into the united states. i love the topic of immigration. about mid-way through the 1990's when i was thinking about going to tijuana it occurred to me that immigration in e

mr. markopolos pointed out, getting to the psychological barriers?>> the way to deal with that is tone at the top and communication and involved supervision. managers who recognize situations where a more junior person may be susceptible to that kind of influence and that supervisor intervenes and monitors to make sure that is not happening. >> good. anyone want to add anything? if not, we will close the hearing and thank you for your time. any more metaphors or comments? >> no, sir. >> any comments? you're not big on the metaphors. >> i like metaphors, as people know. i think all of you for coming. the hearing is closed. -- i thank all of you for coming. the hearing is closed. >> this is c-span. next, a look at some of the 9/11 remember in ceremonies including the moment of silence, the pentagon memorial ceremony, and the congressional remembrances on capitol hill. . . [playing "taps"] >> following that moment silence, the president traveled to the pentagon were defense secretary robert gates hosted a ceremony marking the attack on the pentagon. 184