ms. hess logged time in the field as an fbi special agent as well as the bureau's headquarters here in washington, d.c., and we thank her for preparing her testimony and look forward for your insights. we also want to welcome chief thomas galati, a 32-year veteran of the new york city police department, and currently serves as the chief of intelligence. as chief of intelligence, he is responsible for the activities of the intelligence bureau, the western hemisphere's largest municipal largest intelligence operation. thank you, chief galati, for your testimony today. >>> finally for the first panel captain charles cohen, indiana state police, currently the commander of the intelligence office and, where he is -- and investigative technologies, where he is responsible for the cybercrime, electronics and internet crimes against children. we appreciate his time today. also, sheriff ron hickman unfortunately will not be joining us today due to the tragic flooding yesterday in houston. prayers and t

ms. hess mentioned is retention periods. the metadata no longer exists and then we try to get the content and communication to show who was talking with bhom and we're often times unable to do that because of encryption. >> isn't it common when you find one of these phones there are thousands of images involving multiple victims? >> thousands and hundreds of thousands and we're finding those in encrypted cloud storage sites like drop box and google drive and one drive. >> could you expand on what you previously started to answer potential solution with respect to firewalls? >> to provide a better firewall. think of that as a vault door with the safety deposit box. think of that as doors to the bank so while you think of the actual locks on the bank deposit boxes as the encryption, you build firewalls around that. it can be opened up and you go inside it but like a safety deposit box if we go to the bank with a search warrant the bank uses their key, we get a drill and we drill the customers' l

ms. hess has logged time in the field as an fbi special agent as well as the bureau's headquarters here in washington, d.c., and we thank her for preparing her testimony and look forward for your insights. we also want to welcome chief thomas galati, a 32-year veteran of the new york city police department, and currently serves as the chief of intelligence. as chief of intelligence, he is responsible for the activities of the intelligence bureau, the western hemisphere's largest municipal largest intelligence operation. thank you, chief galati, for your testimony today. >>> finally for the first panel captain charles cohen, indiana state police, currently the commander of the intelligence office and, where he is responsible for the cybercrime, electronics and internet crimes against children. we appreciate his time today. unfortunate unfortunately on you prayers and thoughts are with the people of houston. we know there's been several tran did is there. we wish sheriff hickman could be with th

ms. amy hess. ms. hess is the executive assistant director for science and technology at the federal bureau of investigations in this role. she is responsible for the executive oversight of the criminal justice information services laboratory and operational technology divisions. ms. hess has logged time in the field as an fbi special agent as well as the bureau's headquarters here in washington, d.c., and we thank ms. hess for preparing her testimony and look forward to hearing your insights in these matters. we also want to welcome chief thomas galati from the new york city police department. chief galati is a 32-year-old -- not 32-year-old -- a 32-year veteran of the new york city police department and currently serves as the chief of intelligence. as chief of intelligence, he is responsible for the activities of the intelligence bureau, the western hemisphere's largest municipal law enforcement intelligence operation. thank you, chief galati, for your testimony today, and we look forward to hearing

ms. hessas logged time in the field as an fbi special agent as well as the bureau's headquarters in, what and we thank ms. hess for preparing her testimony and look forward to your insights. we also want to welcome chief thomas gallotti from the new york city police department. the chief is a 32-year-old -- not 32 years old, a 32-year veteran of the new york city police department and currently serves as chief of intelligence. as chief of intelligence he's responsible for the activities of the intelligence bureau, the western hemisphere's largest municipal law enforcement intelligence operation. thank you, chief, for your testimony today and we look forward to your comments. and we welcome captain charles cohen of the indiana state police, currently he is the commander of the office of intelligence and investigative technologies where he is responsible for the cyber crime electronic surveillance and internet crimes against children. we appreciate his time and thank witnesses for being here. i

ms. hess? >> increasingly technology platforms continue to change and present challenges for us that i provided in my opening statement. in addition to that, we try to figure out how we might be able to use what is available to us and we are constantly challenged by that as well. for example, some companies may not know what exactly or how to provide the information we're seeking. and it's not just a matter of needing that information to enable us to see the content or enable us to see what people are saying to each other. it's a matter of being able to figure out who we should be focusing on more quickly. if we can get that information, we can exonerate the innocent and identify the guilty. >> i'm going to end with that. i wanted to ask, obviously, that you can continue to engage with us to help us answer these questions. i mean, not just, you know, with what you're saying today. you know, a constant dialogue is what we need. thank you, mr. chairman. >> thank you. now recognize dr. burgess for

ms. amy hess. ms. ess is executive assistant director for science and technology of the federal bureau of investigation's in this role. she's responsible for the executive oversight of the criminal justice information services laboratory and operational technology divisions. ms. hesse has logged time in the field as an fbi special agent as well as the bureau's headquarters in washington, d.c., and we thank her for preparing for testimony and look forward to hearing your insights. we also want to welcome chief thomas galati from the new york city police department. chief galati is a 32 year old -- a 32 year veteran of the new york city police department and serves as chief of intelligence. as chief of intelligence he is responsible for the activities of the intelligence bureau, the western hemisphere's largest invisible law enforcement intelligence operation. thank you for your test was today and we look forward to your comment. finally, for the first that we welcome captain charles cohen come indiana st