ms. matthews' comments about trading in her children's education for somebody else earning $1. to what extent do you think her fears have been bourne out in subsequent civil rights litigation or have her fears been answered in a positive way in subsequent civil rights litigation? >> uh-huh. huh, that's an interesting question. well, i can say this, in atlanta, the perspective of the african-american middle class won out. thus, the settlement was put into place. atlanta was able to have african-american black school superintendent. it's the school board initially was 50% african-american and soon it was a majority african-american. the same was true of the city council. and over time mayor jackson became mayor and over time atlanta, like many other cities became a black-controlled city. and the theory that the african-american middle class had was that same race representation control by african-americans would yield progress for the entire group. and what ms. matthews was challenging, she was challenging that premise as early as the late 1960s and 1970s, certainly. and i can te