ms. robinson, thanks for joining us this morning. guest:good morning. host:reform efforts posttrial.t the headlines says the terrain going forward will not be the same. can you tell us why? guest:it's helpful to step back and think about the terrain before this as well. if we look back to michael brown's death in 2014, and the death of eric garner and tamir rice and others in the aftermath of that, the institute of justice did a study and showed that 34 states and the district of columbia passed 79 laws on police reform in the two years after ferguson. there was a flurry of activity at that time to pass laws on things like body worn cameras, training for police, what's called crisis intervention team training on handling individuals whose -- who have mental health problem to read that has -- mental health problems. in the aftermath of george floyd 's tragic death, there has been movement forward. national conference and state legislatures have said that 30 states have passed 140 laws or a little more than that in the policing area just sent last may. the terrain has shifted now becau

ms. robinson? caller: racial profiling and police brutality of any kind cannot be accepted. this goes to my comment about police culture. it has got to change. it cannot be accepted. it obviously is not true, i would say, for the vast majority of our law enforcement officers in this country, who are dedicated, honest, and not embracing of those actions. but it sadly is certainly true of some, as our caller reported. and while the actions he reported took place many years ago, sadly, they still occur today. and it is those types of occurrences that far too many people in this country have also experienced that have sadly given law enforcement a bad reputation. one of the things that does encourage me is that so many of the leaders in law enforcement are committed to changing this, and we need support from within law enforcement to make this change. and i think that support is there. we need to join hands to make this happen. pedro: a story in "the washington post" this morning talks about efforts in albuquerque by federal authorities, with a civilian federal oversight agency

ms. robinson go ahead. >> i think you rightly point out that training is important and stresses are there for police officers to deal with. i would say that there are certain situations, though they're very limited, in which police officers do need, unfortunately, to use lethal force. if there is a hostage situation and a hostage is about to be killed and there are a number of offenders with guns and somebody has a chance to rescue that hostage, i mean, we can think of situations with violent drug gangs or whatever it might be that, in that rare situation, there may be a need for lethal force. that's why it is authorized by law for police officers to use. obviously the problem is those events should be extraordinarily rare. >> from gary in orlando, florida. you're next up. hello. >> hello, how are you doing today? my name is gary, i grew up in my father's first cousin, his name was singh. he worked for new york city transit. i always assumed the police were good. in 1977, december 3rd, i had went to church, came home from church. my mother sent myself, 14, and my brother, 16, to the store

ms. robinson, thanks for joining us this morning. guest:good morning. host:reform efforts posttrial.the headlines says the terrain going forward will not be the same. can you tell us why? guest:it's helpful to step b