ms. studley? >> i appreciate that. there is no double blind test available and it's hard to identify patterns. i think there are some other things that we could all be watching or looking for over time. one that you've spoken to, but i wonder if you have a summary on this, is whether more candidates ran. overall, with all of these variations, one of the issues was would people feel more able to stand for public office. can you speak to that one? >> yes. initially it seemed that more candidates did run for office, especially in 2004 when we went to rank choice voting. a number of candidates, for example, in 2004 the supervisorial race was open. there was not an incumbent. and i think 22 candidates alone from that district ran for office. over time we've noticed whenever there is an open race, there will be more candidates running for office. and, yes, we have noticed a trend of more candidates running for office. >> and then some other things that we're ali equally able to watch are just qualitative things, including ho