the bombs dropped on hiroshima and nagasaki caused terrible destruction and the surrender of japan. nuclear weapons have never been used since, except as a threat to prevent further war, not with the japanese, but with the soviet russians. one of those threats was here in the arizona desert. it's now a fascinating museum. >> this site was built because it was in the 1960s during the cold war, where we were sort of at war with the former soviet union. >> so when the soviets aimed their nuclear missiles at the united states, we aimed missiles back at them, missiles called icbms. "icbm" stands for intercontinental ballistic missile. that means it could fly from our continent to another continent carrying a nuclear warhead. one kind of icbm was the titan ii. it was a giant rocket kept armed and ready to launch in an underground chamber called a silo. in all, there were 54 silos spread across uninhabited areas of the u.s. they're no longer in use, but you can take a tour of one, thanks to the arizona aerospace foundation. >> well, nicole, first of all, welcome to launch complex 571-7. >>

first of all, in regard to the anniversary memorials of hiroshima and nagasaki, i participated as a mostll prime ministers of japan too. it was not necessarily connected to fukushima, but something which occurs every year. however, there's is a fundamental connection between shima, betweenhiro nuclear power and nuclear weapons. it was developed to the manhattan project. it is through the development for nuclear weapons, nuclear bombs, that the technology for nuke their powerplant came about. the same tech elegy is being used -- the same technology is being used. there's a fundamental link between the two. this connects to the development of nuclear weapons, which threatened the whole of humanity and nuclear power, which puts humanity at a risk. i personally believe it is important to abolish both of these with nuclear weapons and nuclear power plants. in the case of japan, we do not possess nuclear weapons, so we're working out here in japan to prevent or get rid of nuclear power plants. >> in 2011, former defense minister said, i don't think japan needs to possess nuclear weapons, but i

. >> simon: also missing, the bombing maps of hiroshima and nagasaki. these things end up? >> rosenstein: in foreign countries. for example, in eastern europe, there is a market-- a black market-- for american historical documents. >> simon: how do these black markets function and where are they? >> rosenstein: i think it's like any illegal market anywhere in the world. if you know of somebody who has a lot of money and wants to collect significant, unique items and you make that connection, then you may well be able to make the sale. >> simon: but barry landau has been put out of business. two summers ago, he was sentenced to seven years in prison. and that's not all. >> rosenstein: even after mr. landau is released from prison, he will be prohibited from visiting museums, libraries, or any other places where documents are deposited. >> simon: one after effect of the landau case is that security is being tightened in many of these places. pat anderson is imposing new rules in the maryland historical society. >> anderson: our patrons are no longer allow

nagasaki and we knew what had happened during different american english experiments but we didn't realize what it represented and what it would represent for us it is true that at the time scientists really had no way of knowing for sure and were guided by little more than intuition especially when it came to such an important factor as wind direction which determined whether they would proceed with the test. in the nine hundred sixty s. we didn't have numerical models of weather predictions so we used radio signals at about fifteen sites here the radio signals detected a balloon and by the location of the balloon and we could see the wind altitudes and then we mapped out these fifteen points and once we knew the different altitude levels of the wind the weather forecasters could use the maps to figure out the distribution of different winds in the area. understand the spread of particles that were possibly contaminated with the c p had developed a forecasting model but these models were relatively simple more than they predicted a certain subjects free so we had a lot of faith in this tr

minds in just a moment and despite the horrors there were that the world witnessed in hiroshima and nagasakiduring world war two nuclear weapons continue to play a key role in foreign relations and global conflicts how close are we to seen a nuclear free future and what steps should we be taking to help encourage a global disarmament of nuclear weapons all as paul share fun president joe cirincione after the break. for tonight's conversations with great minds i'm joined by someone who was on the front lines of one of the most pivotal moments in recent history going to lawrence wilkerson was chief of staff to former sir. terry of state colin powell from two thousand and one to two thousand and five and saw first hand the bush administration's push to invade iraq as the secretary of state's right hand man who was directly involved in the bush administration's war planning and help secretary of state powell put together his famous two thousand and three address to the united nations that claimed that saddam hussein had weapons of mass destruction since leaving politics in two thousand and five