this is where napoleon's gunpowder comes from. in terms of scale france will go , from being able to produce around 800 tons a year during -- using it digging system with a lot of heart ache, to being able to produce almost 1700 tons of saltpeter a year without having to dig up people's basements. this is the gun powder that will power napolean's armies and the reason why he didn't need permanent access to india. throughout the napoleonic wars, england is going to be using imported indian saltpeter. that link to india always present a key weakness for the british military as it considers its world position and we move through this time period. now, let's bring this to the u.s. experience because i think this is sort of why many of us are here today. the u.s. is going to focus on many of the same dilemmas as britain. so the u.s. will declare its independence in 1776. two years before that we've gone through a process of trying to figure out where our war supplies are going to come from. now, americans have been attempting to find t

napoleon used prizes. we have canned food because napoleon's army needed to be fed and so they figured out a way to preserve food, right. lindbergh flew a across the atlantic for a prize. there was a $25,0 prize for the first person that could fly non-stop from paris to new york or new york to paris. and it went on and on and on. in fact, prizes were one of the main tools that governments had to get innovation because either, you know, our modern research institutions weren't set up or, you know, the money just wasn't being set. and then came around world war i, world war ii, when the government really started funding innovation and just starteted throwing a toton of money at things, that prizes sort of dissipated. >> when we starteted the xprize back in 1996, eveverybody knew that only governmnments--in fac, only two governments could put human beings into spaceand the purpose of the xprize was to change whatat everybody knew abt that by y requiring a demonstration of pririvate spe flight twice in two wee

fourieier was napoleon's favorie scientist. napoleon took fourier on his ill-fated junket to egypt in 1798. egypt, as you know, is a very warm country, and the heat in egypt made a very strong impression on fourier. he loved it. became obsessed with heat. pr

. >>> and -- >> what's there to eat >> get up, napoleon, make yourself a dang cass dia. >> you might want to think twice about that, napoleon, because mike says chipotle shares are too hot to touch he'll break it down. it's time to risk less and make more the action begins now. >> and let's get straight to it because the s&p 500 just saw its best quarter in a decade, up 13%. the average stock rallying around 15% in that time. but if you missed the rally, don't worry, because carter has a way to play catch-up he's breaking it down. hi, carter. >> all right, we've got this ricochet where we had our best quarter since '09, preceded by the worst quarter since '08, down, up, unchanged over a three-month period, effectively, six-month period, and now the issue is could you find a laggard and play it for catch-up here's the sli, the industrials, versus spy, the market, and then 3m i think this is the opportunity, the lagging. you'll see the pattern next. the presumption is that this is a fairly important bottoming out formation. so, several ways to draw the lines. you can use a moving avera

in the napoleonic. -- napoleonic period, there was a big problem for cartridges and muskets and cannons. was wastede charred because it wasn't directed at any particular decision or direction. also, there is a high chance of a misfire. are there any technological changes, like the construction of the cartridges themselves, that increase the it fire or having directing more of the force in all directions. maj. lambert: for a blasting charge, that is when you would worry about all directions. one of the nice things about the soda power used after 1857 is that it had a finer grain so it was easy to force into the nooks and crannies. ignition is what your question comes down to in finding better ways to ignite. as aiggest thing happening technological change from the 1840's to the 1860's is that mercury follmann eight -- folmanate is the primary resource. in terms of the amount flame produced, it was a much better system. that became the standard on the theu.s. infantry -- on all u.s. infantry weapons. cannons use friction primers and that is manufactured by the same arsenals we look at. th

apart from being a component of an economic system where wage growth is the same as joining the napoleonic wars what does high frequency trading actually do arguably causes things like this which happened in january out of nowhere the japanese yen traditionally seen as a stable for x. safe haven suddenly saved three percent against the dollar in just eight minutes kickstarting some seriously think exchange rate gymnastics across the region strangely and on a ticker hammering resulting in a full of as much as three point five percent against the dollar to its lowest level in a decade flash crashes as they're known can affect everything from your rent to the price of bread well joining me on british financial statement is professor of sociology at columbia university as its annual visiting professor at the l.s.e. sask is a san thank you so much for coming on today is financial statement day we're going to be hearing lots of numbers growth figures for cost inflation figures walk us debt figures you've called economic numbers a sort of economic cleansing but i mean is that they are eliminating

apart from being a component of an economic system where wage growth is the same as joining the napoleonic wars what does high frequency trading actually do you believe causes things like this which happened in january out of nowhere the japanese yen traditionally seen as a stable four x. safe haven suddenly saved three percent against the dollar in just eight minutes kickstarting some seriously think the exchange rate gymnastics across the region straightly and dollar to hammering resulting in a full of as much as three point five percent against the dollar to its lowest level in a decade flash crashes as they're known can affect everything from your rent to the price of bread well joining me on british financial statement is professor of sociology at columbia university as its annual visiting professor at the l.s.e. sask is a san thank you so much for coming on today is financial statement day we're going to be hearing lots of numbers growth figures for cost inflation figures walk us debt figures you've called economic numbers a sort of economic cleansing but what i mean is that there el

napoleon stoddard will be able to cut the line so the monitor -- the action happening as the -- is the monitor is picked up and slammed back down. is starting to come apart. many of the crew members thinks the ship will fall apart before she actually will think. -- sink. anyway, they have two long boats, they come over, pickup crew members, and william keeler said he arrived with not a stitch of close on. and freezing. you can imagine the conditions. dr. grenville weaks, and one boat that is cracked, gets next to the rhode island, bumps against the rhode island puts , his arm out, dislocate his arm, crushes three fingers and someone says "oh my gosh, your arm is terrible." and he says, "an arm is worth a life." the last rowboat will try to come back under the command of rodney bozeman brown. however, he is guided toward the red light, and all of a sudden, a swell brings him up. as he comes down, the light is gone and the monitor is no more. this is about 12:30. you have about 30 people on the rhode island saying it is 12:15, 12:30, 1:00. i tend to go with the ship's log of rhode island

. >> this is a strangely napoleonic republican leader.t a republican leader who, less communism, less government, taxes. and they really were the same party. this is a boss telling everybody how he wants it done that day and now you esee 12 people not obaying. are we seeing the fear unraveling? >> they're obeying because president trump still commands such extraordinarily high support within the republican base. republican voters overwhelmingly support trump. we see that in poll after poll after poll. it's not luike he's enacting a party agenda. and these senators are trying to hang on and preserve their own political lives. it wasn't just the senators we would have expected to betray trump today. rodney, collins, murkowski. but you saw marco rubio of florida, roy blunt of missouri. s to the are middle of the road republicans who have been voting with the president. >> kbanyway. thank you. >>> up next is a sitting president above the law? that's an easy one. how a court is -- this guy can get sued paula jones like. we'll see after this. w

she reminds me of napoleon, the pig, in george orwell's animal farm that keeps eliminating all the opposition until he's walking on two legs. part of it is, it's an irony that the united states has been so successful, it pulls up the entire world economy. it runs these huge trade deficits, it polices the world order. its military keeps the peace and it allows these other countries to experiment with socialism. otherwise, they wouldn't have the capital or the ability and here at home it's the same with this really robust economy. when you're hitting 3% gdp and you've got low unemployment and you've got low interest -- and a high stock market, then all of these people come out of the woodwork and say i would like to be a social it but if gas was $10 like it was in france aoc would not be talking about a green deal. she would be talking about fracking. the success is what's creating them. >> laura: i want to play something that bernie sanders said about the nomenclature. let's watch. >> i never use the word left but the issues that we talk about, is it left to say that in this country, we should

i think in contrast to other players, not trying to do napoleonic con quests. with the business. >> what happens to the business after today. you invest early, typically not in the public market do you stay in this stock? >> i don't want to give anyone trading advice, i am bullish on the company long term, planning to be a shareholder in the business for some time >> in terms of economics, how much is focusing on the u.s. and your view of trends taking place with ridesharing versus them layering on other pieces of the business we don't know about meaning other services they don't want to get into the eating business like uber has, but to the extent there are other things layered on top? >> i don't like the laundry list layering strategy. i think the core ridesharing business, i believe in 15, 20 years, less than a quarter of the population of the united states will be owning cars i think ridesharing is the future of transportation in cities, and there's a very strong bullish story based on that >> final question. do you think it is an uber, lyft world or do you

mentioned in one of my favorite narrative nonfiction writers as ben macintyre, specially his first book napoleonof crime which is one of the first nonfiction books but never really got me going on the genre. but i'm also drawn to the great magazine writers of our day. especially those i worked with "esquire" when i was there. tom chiarella and others. just totally devastated me with their work, and made me feel like i don't belong in the business at all. when i got over that feeling i thought i can learn from them and i remain grateful to this day for those great magazine writers. >> that is a hard question because there are so many. off the top of my head, joan didion inspired me because she writes about california and the kind of chaotic time that is also in my book. right to kill more in common even though she's a war reporter and i find her work so moving. certain writers who wrote about were even know i didn't grow up in the war i was like a child trying to make sense of what war means with a book about growing up in war-torn zimbabwe. i'm trying to write from a child voice are part of it.

. >>> and -- >> what's there to eat >> get up, napoleon, make yourself

and remember the duke was a british general who won a famous victory at waterloo against napoleon.s asking things like, "can geoffrey cox be our iron duke of brexit..? we'll see if he lives up to his billing. he's certainly very keen on brexit as we saw at the last conservative party conference. the whole premise and principle of brexit is based on hope. not fear. we believe that a nation like the united kingdom will soon be able to gather her strength and enclose an amicable association with her friends, stepped out again into the step out again into the world as a free, independent and sovereign partnered to the other democracies. we've also heard from emmanuel macron today. this is an essay, by the french president that's been published in lots of newspapers including the guardian. he attacks the, "lies and irresponsibility" of politicians on the leave side, and calls them, "anger—mongers backed by fake news". that was never likely go down well with brexiteers. the campaign group leave.eu @leaveeuofficial —referring to the yellow vest protests." perhaps he should look to his own