next, representatives from several institutions including the national park service, national archives and library of congress talk about their plans for commemorating the centennial and teaching the public about the legacy of women's suffrage. this discussion took place in denver at the national historic preservation's annual conference. >> we will get started. before we officially start i want to acknowledge those of you who may not have heard me say we are recording for c-span. yes, just fyi. all right. thank you for coming today to making the vote count, the legacy of the 19th amendment. this is a learning lab track for celebrating women's history. it is one of many on saturday at red rocks. on the pedal today -- it's a roundtable conversation. beccah, colleen, marcia weinstein, megan spring gate. the way this is want to go is we will give you a little context about the women's history work happening at the national level. then we will have a roundtable discussion about how the messages came to be so you can take that practice back to your community for 2020 to build into your comm

i'd like to applaud the american library association and the national archives for recognizing diversityform of gender diversity women. i'd like to acknowledge the fact that doctor hayden is the first african-american national librarian and we also have another leader at the jimmy carter library in atlanta, doctor meredith evans. i really would like to applaud the association for recognizing that leadership does come in different forms. [applause] >> thank you. thank you so much. [applause] i really want to thank all of you for being here because we enjoy being together, working together, we have a rather colleague tony mark scheer from new york public and david score in absentee but you should know that we are working together and trying to make sure that à >> it's great to have carl in washington. it's like a breath of fresh air. the future is rosie. [applause] >> thank you all. [applause] >>. [music] >> that concludes our look at some of the programs in our archives with the library of congress, carla hayden. you can watch any abductor hayden several appearances on booktv by visiting

i am a curator at the national archives. the exhibition i developed is called "right to be heard: american women and the vote." as the national archives curator, it's my job to develop positions about any facet of american history, government and culture that are records at the national archives which are the permanent records facet of american history, government, that our records at the national archives. it's the permanent records of the federal government. it's a huge bit of history. obviously, a vast archive of material. i'm a generalist in terms, i don't professionalize (inaudible). when i learned of an opportunity to develop our women's suffrage exhibit, as a woman and as someone who has been passionate about the subject, as long as i've been passionate about history which is as long as i can remember, i was really thrilled to have an opportunity to put this together for this anniversary. >> wonderful, thanks corinne. so janice, same questions to you. tell us about your exhibit and a bit of your background. >> sure. t

all of the documents that we looked at so far are in the holdings of the national archives and the national archives preserves them for future generations. i think it's really spectacular that a petition that you send congress today, just as these african petitioners did in 1877, becomes part of the national archives. we are really fortunate that we have this today in order to tell the story. so we see lots of petitions. women when they were pressing for the voting rights only really had the first amendment rights. and i was up to them to press a government for political rights and change. one of the other first amendment rights that suffragists used, the freedom to assemble. he is pretty effectively that right to as well to gain greater visibility in public attention as well for the cause. we have this great wall mural here, one of many suffrage parades that were staged throughout the country. this one is here in washington d.c. from 1913. it was one of the most consequential marches that was staged. when i'm more than 5000 suffrage is participated in this march, it was held the day before

national archives in maryland. the films, shot by japanese and american crews, were hidden and off-limits to the public for decades after world war ii ended. up next on "reel america," historian greg mitchell, author of "autonomic cover-up, two u.s. soldiers, hiroshima and nagasaki," and the greatest movie ever made joins us to tell , the story of these films. we begin with a portion of a film describing the morning of august 6, 1945 in hiroshima. this program includes scenes of atomic bomb victims that some viewers may find disturbing. >> it was the sixth of august. which have been known before throughout the district was the two for the time being. it was an unusually calm and clear morning. a few minutes after 8:00, two super fortresses in formation appeared over the city. then a bomb came down from one of the giant bombers. there was a blinding flash then a deafening explosion. in an instant, hiroshima was a scene of unprecedented chaos. ♪ hiroshima was instantly transfigured. there was nothing left but ruins.

place in the country. >> rightfully hers: american women and the vote will be on view at the national archives until january of 2021. and has a traveling component titled one half of the people, advancing equality for women, with stops in florida, louisiana, tennessee and south carolina. [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org] >> on monday, president trump travels to minnesota where he will give a speech on the u.s. ec

that was also in the national archives.found a letter which indicated even the navy new captain mcvay was convicted on what they called a super technical charge. then in the 1990's, here came hunter scott, the 11-year-old boy who started to correspond with survivors and a man many of you are familiar with got involved in the exoneration effort. how many of you have heard of joe scarborough? he's on msnbc. at that time, he was a congressman from florida and happened to be in hunter's district. he put hunter's sixth grade history project on display in his congressional office in the first district in florida, and that gathered a whole bunch of attention because it was made for tv. i see some young men up there. how old are you guys? 10? seven. hunter was only 11 when he started this. he began to write to the survivors and, congressman scarborough got wind of it, and the next thing you knew hunter scott was all over tv. 1997 or 1996 all the way through he was everywhere. 1999. he was on the tom brokaw nightly news. he was on d

national archives in maryland. japanese andot by american crews, were hidden and off-limits to the public for decades afterward to ended. historian greg mitchell, author of atomic joins us to tell the story of these films. we begin with a portion of a film describing the morning of august 6, 1945 in hiroshima. this program includes scenes of atomic bomb victims that some viewers may find disturbing. ♪ the sixth of august. the air raid alarm which had been on the night before was lifted for the time being. it was an unusually calm and clear morning. a few minutes after 8:00 two super fortresses in formation appeared over the city. then a bomb came hurdling down from one of the bombers. flash, thenblinding a deafening explosion. in an instant, hiroshima was a scene of chaos. hiroshima was instantly transfigured. there was nothing left but ruins. nothing standing to hinder a full view of the city. in the first days after the atomic bombing of hiroshima and then nagasaki three days later, 75 years ago now, the leading

announcer: "rightfully hers: american women and the vote" will be on view at the national archives until january 2021. it has a traveling component entitled "what half of the people, advancing equality for people," with stops in florida, louisiana, tennessee and south carolina. [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2020] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org] ♪ announcer: "the contenders," about the men who ran for the presidency and lost. the change of history, on c-span. tonight, the 1916 presidential candidate and chief justice of the supreme court, charles evans hughes. housecer: at the white yesterday, president trump announced a peace deal between israel and the united arab emirates, which establishes diplomatic relationships between the two arab countries. from the oval office, this is about 15 minutes. trump: well, thank you very much. this is a big event, and i just want to congratulate all of the people standing behind me, because they have done an incredible job. this

i'm a curator here at the national archives museum. i'm going to show you around the "rightfully hers" exhibition today, which is in the lawrence f. o'brien gallery. before we head into the gallery i wanted to talk about this lenticular that's out in the lobby in front of the entrance. it has a photograph of the 1913 women's suffrage march, looking up pennsylvania avenue towards the united states capitol, and it is overlaid with a photograph from the 2017 women's march from pennsylvania avenue as well. and it is a lenticular, which has a special effect so that as you walk by the image changes between the two. and we really wanted to have it in the exhibit to help grab the public's attention, and also to signal that this is a historic exhibit, but one that continues to have contemporary relevance today. so let's head now into the lawrence f. o'brien gallery, where "rightfully hers" is on display. so this is a national archives exhibition to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the 19th amendment, but it is more than a 19th amendment exhib

that was in the national archives as well. he found a letter which indicated that even the navy knew that kept and make they was convicted on what they called a super technical charge. then in the 1990s, here came young hunter scott, the 11-year-old boy who began to force with the survivors. and then a man many of you are familiar with who got involved in the exoneration effort. who has heard of joe scarborough? he is on msnbc. he has the show, morning joe. he was a congressman from florida at the time it happened to be in hunter's district. he put hunters six great history project on display in his office. and pretty soon, that gathered a bunch of attention, because it was just made for tv. i see some young men out there. how old are you guys? ten? seven? hunter was only 11 when he started this. he began to write to the survivors and congressman scarborough got wind of it. the next thing he knew, hunter scott was all over tv. this was 1997, 96 through basically 99. he was everywhere. he was on the tom broken nightly news. >>

i am a curator here at the national archives museum. am going to show you around the exhibition today. before we head into the gallery, i want to talk about this lenticular that is out in the lobby. it has a photograph of the 1913 women's suffrage march, looking up pennsylvania avenue toward the united states capital. it is overlaid with a photograph from the 2017 women's march from pennsylvania avenue as well. and it is a lenticular, which has a special effect. as you walk by, the image changes between the two. we really wanted to have it in the exhibit to help grab the public's attention, and also to signal this is a historic exhibit, but one that continues to have contemporary relevance today. let's head into the gallery, where "rightfully hers" is on display. so, this is a national archives exhibition to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the 19th amendment. but it is more than a 19th amendment exhibition. that is because the 19th amendment, landmark voting right victory that it was for women, did not give all women the right to vot

national archives in maryland. the film shop by japanese and american crews, were hidden and off-limits to the public for decades after world war ii ended. up next on 'reel america" antorian greg mitchell, author joins us to tell the story of these films. we begin with a portion of a film describing the morning of august 6, 1945 and hiroshima. this program includes scenes of atomic tom victims that some viewers may find -- atomic bomb victims that some viewers may find disturbing. >> it was the sixth of august. an unusually calm and clear morning. two ininutes after 8:00, formation appeared over the city. a bomb came down from one of the giant commerce -- bombers. there was a giant flash and then a deafening explosion. in an instant, hiroshima was a scene of unprecedented chaos. hiroshima was instantly transfigured. there was nothing left but ruins. nothing standing to hinder a full view of the city. greg: in the first days after ae atomic bombing of a regime and then nagasaki three days now, the years ago leading

it's marked at the national archives as united states air force. but when did people first learn about this? >> well, i guess it's kind of a long story, but one of the handful of men who took part in this project was a man named herbert sussan. he got out of the military and went on to be one of the pioneering network tv producers and directors. but he was haunted by what he had seen there. and so he had tried for years to get permission to get at this footage, which was kept on basically a military archives for so long. and was never allowed. then in the late 1970s, he happened to attend a u.n. exhibit of photos from hiroshima and saw an image, basically a still from this footage, and he told the organizer, well, i shot that. or my team shot that footage, and of course, the man was shocked. what are you talking about? he said this is -- this is footage i shot back in 1945, 1946, and that led to the japanese to then investigate. they found that the color footage had all been declassified at the national archives a few years earlier, but no one knew

soledad: welcome back to the national archives. nearly a century since winning vote women vote at higher rates than men. according to the rut diverse center for american women in politics voter turnout for women has outpaced men in every presidential election since 1980. and they voted at higher rates in the 2018 midterm election as well. all age groups saw a boost in numbers but turnout increased most between the ages of 18 to 24. naba rahman is a senior at georgetown university and allison tovar is a junior at american university. it is nice how would you describover but i think i would like to define myself as more of a millennial definition of that. i remember -- soledad: what is a millennial definition of a republican? >> when i first signed up as a republican and it was me, my friend sitting there and in our auditorium in florida and we were thinking, we don't necessarily agree with a lot of the direction the republican party is going in but if there is one person that could push them more to the right one can push them to th

[applause] [laughter] >> thank you to my friends from the national archive. he said look for them. so thank you to everyone from the national archives and to my wife and my kids the feast of lightning to get here. [laughter] again if you want to be a better person inside lightning and if you do you also get to the front of the line and that will bring us here. so now we talk about destiny, let's talk about history. this was written by myself and todd goldberg. people say where do the ideas come from and to be a good idea is a living thing. someone told me a good idea, if you don't do it, eventually someone will spoil. that terrified me. because the five years stuck with me. i didn't know what to do it. i didn't know how to get rid of it. this was going to keep going. we have to do this story. and the story started for me when i was in the national archives and i was in what they called the treasure vault. that is where the teeth of the good stuff not open to the public. they took me in the back room, handed me a piece of paper and you turned it sideways and on this paperback, on a

. >> i often refer to the stories that are in the national archives, we're not just a store house, the billions of pages and miles of film in our care hold countess stories of our past. and in these record, you can discover human lives and how history changed them. today we'll hear the stories of the man who sailed the "uss indianapolis". it sank just weeks before japan surrendered. historical records can also help unravel mysteries even decades after the events took place. last sum ear i hmer's edificatie wreck and just this month the navy was able to settle the question about the number of survivors because of research done in the records housed in our facility in college park and our national personnel records st. louis. some stories are easily told, others take 73 years to come to light. by preserving the records of our past, we ensure that the building blocks of our stories will be available now and far into the future. lynn vincent, a u.s. navy veteran, number one "new york times" best selling author and co-author of 11 nonfiction bo s books. her investigative pieces have been ci

was thatation government photographer pictures had to go to the national archives, and i had to go to the records of the agency that paid for them. that meant he would no longer have his time capsule of all the pictures under his pages. it would be disbursed to whoever paid for the travel money. he was still well enough connected that he was able to pull strings to get the fsa collections to come to the library of congress where it could be kept together as a single unit. it took the president to step in to say that they could be kept together, but he did have the connections to get to the president. hired to6 a person was reorganize the collection. initially it had been divided by the state and it was a cumbersome system to locate photographs and get them back where they came from. for the transition, they hired paul vanderbilt. the microfilmed the collection. they sorted out the prince by photographer and by assignment. them in thepersed finals we are reading right now. it took a couple of years for them to make that transition. they typed the captions for the photographs that have

so it is quite an amazing document, and people can view it now at the national archives, or even online. it's available. but nobody, in america saw it until around 1970. my film, that will be eventually coming out, we did the first 4k, modern transfer. so quality is much better. >> if people want to know more about your film that is not released yet but will be soon, tell us what they can do. >> well they can go to my blog, pressuring issues, where i have put up floor for brief clips from the film. these club to short. but they do include, footage of the black and white footage, and the color footage about what is being shown. it's a very good gives you good idea of what my film is about. and about the footage is what it's about, and why it's important. >> there is really quite a dramatic story, about this project, and after the japanese completed this 240 minute documentary, the americans seized not just the original print, but every scrap of outtake, everything that was not used, hours of footage, and that footage has never surfaced. it's known as the phantom film in japan. because ev

mcgowan theater at the national archives. i'm debra wall. deputy archivist of the united states and i'm pleased you could join us for tonight's program, whether you're here in the theater or joining us through facebook, youtube, or c-span. tonight's discussion of women's suffragists and the men who supported them, the suffragents is part of the series events related to our current exhibit, rightfully hers, american women and the vote. our partners are the 2020 women's vote centennial initiative, and the one woman one vote 2020 festival, and we thank them for their support. our special exhibit, rightfully hers, tells the story of women's struggle for voting rights, to secure these rights women activists had to win allies among men and influential positions. it was men who sat in the state legislatures that would ratify or reject the 19th amendment. whose centennial we now celebrate. when rightfully hers opened in our lawrence o'brien gallery last may, guests at the opening reception were offered a yellow rose pin as they entered the museum. t

thategulation was government pictures, government photographers' pictures had to go to the national archives. and they had to go to the records of the agency that paid for them. so that meant he would no longer have his time capsule of all of the pictures made under his aegis. they would be disbursed to whoever paid for the travel money for his photographers to get there. but he was still well enough collected -- connected that he was able to pull strings to get the fsa collection to come to the library of congress as a single unit. it took the president to step in to say that they could be kept together, but he did have the connections to get to the president to get this waiver. about 1945, 1946, a person was hired to reorganize the collection. initially, it had been divided by state, and apparently it was a cumbersome system to locate photographs and get them back where they came from. for the transition, they hired paul vanderbilt, who trained as a librarian. he microfilmed the collection by job. they sorted out the prints by photographer and by assignment, microfilmed them and dispersed

[cheering] let's look at the national archives, i know someone is here, in the back, archivist or shy, i know who they are but thanks to my friends who are from the national archives, they e-mail me as they were coming out and they said the sin, they're coming, thank you. to my wife and my kids who faced lightning to get here again, if you want to be a better person, give up a kidney then you have to fight lightning and if you do you get to the front of the line and that will bring us to the house. now we talk about destiny, let's talk about history, this book was written by myself and todd goldberg, where are the book ideas coming from, a good idea is a living thing, someone told me that a good idea, if you do it eventually someone else will do it, that is terrifying, for five years and stuck with me, i did not know what to do with it, kept sticking with me and i'm like this is going to keep going, we have to figure this out, we have to do the story and the story started for me when i was in the national archives and i was in the treasure vault, the treasure vault is a lot of good st

and then this year from the national archives . know someone is here. in the back of the will raise their hands. but they are sorry. i know who they are. thank you to my friends who for from the national archives per unit he said they're coming. so thank you everyone. into my wife and my kids who face finding to get here. if you want to be a better person, amy and you kenny, then you have to kind finding predict and if you do you also get to come to the front of the line. so let's talk about destiny and history. this book was written by myself and mr. goldberg. the people said or did the book ideas come from and to me, a good idea is a living thing. and someone told me that a good idea, that if you don't do it, eventually someone else will do it. and that terrified me. i did it for five years stepping into that i know what to do with it. they kept sticking with me. i got we have to figure this out because going to keep going. point have to do the story. it started for me, when i was in the national archives i was in with the call the treasure vaults. th

with footage of nagasaki saying that it was here shima and the national archives labels it as hiroshima and a lot of archives nowadays are drawing on that source instead of the original source material and i think that was the reason why the end of the day a mushroom cloud is a mushroom cloud we know it happened why does it matter that this is the wrong bit of well i think that's true in the sense that there are more important facts about hiroshima and nagasaki that we we should try to get to the bottom of the death count for example but if you think about the devastation of these cities and if you imagine that this was your city if your city had been completely destroyed by a bomb a lot of people you know had died and that the media when they reported on this got that wrong they reported images of another city not once not twice but for 75 years then i think this does a dishonor to the victims of that many of whom the survivors nowadays many of whom have passed away and it's up to us now to preserve the record of everything of the images and the facts of those 2 days thank yo

with footage of nagasaki saying that it was here shima and the national archives labels it as he or she and a lot of archives nowadays are drawing on that source instead of the original source material and i think that was the reason for the end of the day a mushroom cloud is a mushroom cloud we know it happened why does it matter that this is the wrong but a film well i think that's true in the sense that there are much more important facts about hiroshima and nagasaki that we we should try to get to the bottom of the death count for example but if you think about the devastation of these cities and if you imagine that this was your city if your city had been completely destroyed by a bomb a lot of people you know had died and that the media when they reported on this got that wrong they reported images of another city not once not twice but for 75 years then i think this does a dishonor to the victims of that many of whom the survivors nowadays many of whom have passed away and it's up to us now to preserve the record of everything of the images and the facts of those 2 days

. >> national archives holdings in college park maryland include about 13,000 film and video from thenited states information agency. between 1953 and 1999, the agency distributed a number of films around the world to educate people about the american system. up next, "harry s. truman: president of the united states." a short biography while the 33rd president was in his first term. ♪ >> the president of the united

with the lbj foundation, the george and barbara bush foundation, the ronald reagan library, the national archives, the national constitution center, and the 19th.

next, representatives from several institutions including the national park service, national archives and library of congress talk about their plans for commemorating the centennial and teaching the public about the legacy of women's suffrage. this discussion took place in denver at the national historic preservation's annual conference. >> we will get started. before we officially start i want to acknowledge those of you who may not have heard me say we are recording for c-span. yes, just fyi. all right. thank you for coming today to making the vote count, the legacy of the 19th amendment. this is a learning lab track for celebrating

mcgowin theater at the national archives. i'm debra wall, deputy archivist for the united states and i'm pleased you can join us whether you're here in the theater or joining us through facebook, youtube, or c-span. tonight's discussion of women suffragists and the men who supported them, the suffragents is part of our series "rightfully hers: american women and the vote." our partners are the 2020 women's vote seicentennial initiative and the one woman one vote initiative. our story tells the story of women's struggle for voting rights. to secure these rights, women activists had to win allies in men in influential positions. it was men who sat in the state legislatures that would ratify or reject the amendment. when rightfully hers opened in our lawrence o'brien gallery last may, guests at the opening reception were offered a yellow rose pin as they entered the museum. that evoked the badges worn by men. this nod to the role that men played came as something of a surprise. so, tonight we're going to take a look at those suf

speaking at the national archives in washington orleans vincent coauthors of indianapolis.i often referred to the stories that are in the national archives. they're not just a storehouse. or billions of pages and millions of film countless stories of our past. in these records, you can discover human lives and have a great and small events change them. today will hear the stories of the man who sailed the uss indianapolis during world war ii. the crews are sinking in july, 1945 just weeks before japan surrendered to end the war was the worst see disaster

>> the national archives holding in college park, maryland include about 13,000 films and videos from the information agency. distributor to help educate foreign audiences about the system. truman, president of the u.s., a short biography created by an independent producer while he was in his first term. ♪ >> the president of the united states, harry s. truman, 32nd person to serve as the american nation's chief executive. a man to whom many millions of people look for guidance, a man whose responsibilities are today as great and his influence as far-reaching as any other man on earth. ♪ on the walls of president truman's office are portraits of george washington and simon bolivar, which indicate his aims and ideals. the little town of lamar, missouri, was harry s. truman's birthplace. in the rugged farmlands of the midwestern united states, he began the life and career which has taken him so far. ♪ on this quiet, small-town street, in a very unpretentious house, which his father had built amid the simple rural surroundings, the future president of the united states was born on may 8,

at the national archives private letters jinnah sent to british officials shows a relationship beyond repair at this point is extremely suspicious of the congress and he feels as its purpose it would be prepared to seize power by force that the may have been infiltrated the indian national army. and that he regrets that's the muslim league hasn't organized in the same way so we're talking a serious mistrust at this point yet i think this indicates complete breakdown in trust between between the 2 poles season and that you know it's the leadership of those policies new delhi and although the scene looks quite jeana any route had 1st come together to fight the british now they were fighting each other disturbances against the muslim league to reach the end of life by 946 any hope of a united india had evaporated order with god i believe the service of every muslim on him the break down at the top of the indian politics was mirrored on the streets as tension spilled over into violence. chaos erupted in major cities 1st because of a grim audio post by british an indian probe during the wo

the national archives hosted the eventen in conjunction with their centennial exhibit, rightfully hers. american women and the vote. >>> tonight's discussion is part of a series of programs related to our recently opened exhibit, rightfully herself. american women and the vote. rightfully hers commemorates the anniversary and tells of women's struggles for voting rights towards equal citizenship, explores how women across the spectrum of race, ethnicity and class advanced the cause of suffrage and follows struggles for voting rights beyond 1920. the decades-long fight for the vote in the 19th and early 20th century engaged large numbers of women in the political process. a critical part of that campaign was getting their message out to the nation and shifting public opinion to support their cause. tonight we'll learn about the suffrage movement the communication machine and how it contributed to the movement's success. to introduce our panelists i'd like to welcome nancy tate to the stage. since 2015 she has served as the co-chair of the 2020 women's vote centennial initiative and also

speaking at the national archives in washington dc are lynn vincent and sara vladic, co-authors of "indianapolise true story of the worst sea disaster in u.s. naval history and the fifty-year fight to exonerate an innocent man." >> i often refer to the stories in the national archives. we are not just a storehouse to billions of pages and miles of films that hold stories of our past.

most of these things are online, so much at the national archives, founders online. to read some of these things, so much to read and fool credit that josh found, a great expert for us finding things, are we going to find enough information and i remember josh turning up the transcripts of the secret tribunal when they tried the man who was hanging and here we go, they have the actual transfer of what people said and what happened. everything else is mysterious. 20,000 people, barely mentions. if i killed someone in front of 20,000 people, had a bad day. got to have something in the diary but he's not like jefferson or adams writing letters to his wife with all his feelings and beliefs. washington isn't like that. george washington placed closer to the vest. you will see many books that say george washington thought this or that and it is hard to tell what he thought because he barely said a word and it is part of his whole, we know him better than anyone. on the money we see every day. that is the most intriguing part of it to this day. we are trying to pull apart g

tom blanche is the director of the national security archives at george washington university and he joins us now on book tv to talk about this prepublication review system. how did this develop? >> the original prepublication review was an artifact of the 1970s when some former cia agents particularly a guy named victor march eddie sent in a manuscript chockablock of his experience in the cia. the cia came back to his publisher and said there's 339 passengers here that you've got to delete because that revealing national security information . they went to court, they fought over it and the cia cut that from 349 down to 168 and at the end of the day 30, the publisher put up a book with white spaces or the 30, boldface for the hundred 60 a cave on and italics for the others so it's like an object lesson in how subjective so much of this government can be and that was the formal start of a review board process inside the intelligence community. >> but mister march eddie did go through this of the review process and submitted before publishing books. >> the case that went through the s

though, i believe the tombs at least, like the museums, aren't part of the national archive system. but they're attached to papers. my question is, was any effort made after washington's death to link his legacy to his papers that the nation could buy or that the nation could own? i know dolly tried to sell her husband's papers. did the washington family try to sell his papers to the country? dr. costello: so there were some instances with washington's papers. so the first one that comes to mind is john marshall. he essentially volunteers to the family that he's going to write the first major biography about george washington. they are willing -- bushrod washington is willing to hand over the papers. and, every time that happens, when a new biographer gets involved and the family essentially says, here, have at it, depending on who you're dealing with, some of them will just take papers. some of them will cut them up, like jared sparks. it's part of the reason why the letters of washington and at this the papers product is up to point about 150,000 different bits and pieces of letter