we have seen, the leading research paper that we cite is usually the report by the national association of state energy officials, which found that incentives are the most effective policy at driving ev adoption. that is because at the end of the day, this technology is 100 years behind. the gas powered cars have had 100 years to innovate to bring down the cost of their technology. right now, it does still cost more to build in electric car than it does to build a gas powered car. once he gets in the consumer's hands, it has way fewer parts. it doesn't need oil changes, it has way lower maintenance costs, and the fuel is cheaper. from a consumer perspective, the challenge of an electric vehicle is a greater upfront capital cost in order to get the benefits of lowering -- lower operating costs. incentives play a huge role in leveling the playing field between the cost of the car upfront and over time, they won't be necessary because electric vehicles are coming down and cost of production. incentives label -- level that playing field between gas and electric cars. pedro: we've invited ev owners to call

we have seen, the leading research paper that we cite is usually the report by the national association of state energywhich found that incentives are the most effective policy at driving ev adoption. and that's because at the end of the day, this technology is 100 years behind, so the gas powered cars have had 100 years to innovate, to bring down the cost of their technology. and right now, it does still cost more to build an electric cart than it does to build a gas powered car. once it gets in the consumer's hands,, it has way fewer parts it doesn't need oil changes, it has way lower maintenance costs, and the fuel is cheaper. from a consumer perspective, the challenge of an electric vehicle is it's a greater upfront capital cost in order to get the benefits of lower operating costs. incentives play a huge role in leveling the playing field between the cost of the car up front. and overtime, they won't be necessary because the electric vehicles are coming down in cost of production. but right now, it does still cost to produce them, so incentives level that playing field between gas and electric car